Is the IDE still connected?
I would hazard a guess that you are using a IDE to SATA Converter and that it doesn't have the option to set the SATA Drive to Slave or even Cable Select and the IDE Channel is being messed up and not able to detect any HDD at all.
if you put the SATA Drive on the other IDE Ribbon it may work but from my experience IDE to SATA Converters are marginal at best you are better off fitting a SATA Card to a PCI Slot on the M'Board.
Col
I would suspect that something in BIOS needs to be set to detect the drive adapter, or some other setting as to the type of hard drive. Also, your BIOS may not handle larger hard drives (rare with newer BIOS, but common on older ones), since you didn't give the age of your computer, that's the best guess I can give you at the moment. So, if possible, enter the drive parameters manually in BIOS, if it supports SATA at all.
Why can't I detect my old hard drive?