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Brown University
(78 results)-
White Papers
The Margrave Tool for Firewall Analysis
October 21, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Writing and maintaining firewall configurations can be challenging, even for experienced system administrators. Tools that uncover the consequences of configurations and edits to them can help...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Hidden Markov Support Vector Machines
January 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
This paper presents a novel discriminative learning technique for label sequences based on a combination of the two most successful learning algorithms, Support Vector Machines and Hidden Markov...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Efficient Content Authentication in Peer-to-Peer Networks
April 4, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Peer-to-Peer (p2p) networks provide the basis for the design of fully decentralized systems, where data and computing resources are shared among participating peers. Properties of p2p networks...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Strategic Planning for Disaster Recovery With Stochastic Last Mile Distribution
February 15, 2010, 12:00am PST
This paper considers the Single Commodity Allocation Problem (SCAP) for disaster recovery, a fundamental problem faced by all populated areas. SCAPs are complex stochastic optimization problems...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Safe at Any Speed: Fast, Safe Parallelism in Servers
January 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
Many applications take advantage of parallelism to increase performance. Servers are a particularly common case as they must multiplex resources across many simultaneous users. Unfortunately,...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Handling Uncertain Data in Array Database Systems
December 15, 2007, 12:00am PST
Scientific and intelligence applications have special data handling needs. In these settings, data does not fit the standard model of short coded records that had dominated the data management...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
A Generic Auto-Provisioning Framework for Cloud Databases
January 6, 2010, 12:00am PST
This paper discusses the problem of resource provisioning for database management systems operating on top of an Infrastructure-As-A-Service (IaaS) cloud. To solve this problem, this paper...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Efficient Integrity Checking Of Untrusted Network Storage
October 10, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The authors propose an architecture for verifying the integrity of untrusted outsourced storage. For the method to work, no trust is needed at either the storage server or the authentication...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Pragmatic Perspectives On Rethinking Financial Regulation
March 11, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The reevaluation and reconfiguration of financial regulation should be firmly based on four observations. First, finance is very important for human welfare and this importance extends far beyond...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Self-Organization For Collective Action: An Experimental Study Of Voting On Formal, Informal, And No Sanction Regimes
January 30, 2011, 12:00am PST
One of the most fundamental puzzles of economic life is how people can cooperate given the preeminence of self-interest. In some domains, the problem is minimized because cooperation can take the...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
State Or Nature? Formal Vs. Informal Sanctioning In The Voluntary Provision Of Public Goods
January 30, 2011, 12:00am PST
The sanctioning of norm-violating behavior by an effective formal authority is an efficient solution for social dilemmas. It is in the self-interest of voters and is often favorably contrasted...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Bilateral And Community Enforcement In A Networked Market With Simple Strategies
January 5, 2011, 12:00am PST
In many markets, successful execution of mutually beneficial economic transactions relies on informal contracts that are enforced by social pressure and reputation. Informal enforcement mechanisms...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Social Networks And Unraveling In Labor Markets
September 30, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper studies the phenomenon of early hiring in entry-level labor markets in the presence of social networks. The authors offer a two-stage model in which workers in training institutions...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Community Structure And Market Outcomes: A Repeated Games In Networks Approach
September 30, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Consider a large market with asymmetric information, in which sellers choose whether to cooperate or deviate and 'Cheat' their buyers, and buyers decide whether to re-purchase from different...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Egalitarian Equivalence Under Asymmetric Information
February 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
The authors propose a definition of egalitarian equivalence that extends Pazner and Schmeidler's (1978) concept to environments with incomplete information. If every feasible allocation rule can...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Egalitarianism Under Incomplete Information
April 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The present paper discusses possible extensions of the egalitarian principle to environments with asymmetric information. The approach will be primarily axiomatic, focusing on the characteristic...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
A New Necessary Condition for Implementation in Iteratively Undominated Strategies
January 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
Implementation in iteratively undominated strategies relies on permissive conditions. However, for the sufficiency results available, authors have relied on assumptions that amount to quasilinear...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Public Goods And Voting On Formal Sanction Schemes: An Experiment
March 22, 2010, 12:00am PDT
An important insight from the last decade of research on the provision of public goods is that the problem of voluntary cooperation can be partially resolved by allowing individuals to engage in...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Recent Trends In The Earnings Of New Immigrants To The United States
September 29, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper studies long-term trends in the labor market performance of immigrants in the United States, using the 1960-2000 PUMS and 1994-2009 CPS. While there was a continuous decline in the...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Equilibrium Blocking In Large Quasilinear Economies
October 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
We study information transmission in large interim quasilinear economies using the theory of the core. We concentrate on the core with respect to equilibrium blocking, a core notion in which...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Multiplicity Of Mixed Equilibria In Mechanisms: A Unified Approach To Exact And Approximate Implementation
September 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The authors characterize full implementation of social choice sets in mixed-strategy Bayesian equilibrium. The results concern both exact and virtual mixed implementation. For exact...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Comparative Economic Development: Insights From Unified Growth Theory
September 8, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper explores the implications of Unified Growth Theory for the origins of existing differences in income per capita across countries. The theory sheds light on three fundamental layers of...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Isolation And Development
September 28, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper exploits cross-country variation in the degree of geographical isolation, prior to the advent of sea-faring and airborne transportation technologies, to examine its impact on the course...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Measuring Economic Growth From Outer Space
October 13, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper focuses on measurement of real GDP growth over time within a country, which besides measuring nominal GDP requires the construction of reliable domestic price indices, again a problem...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Pet Overpopulation: An Economic Analysis
August 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper considers the problem of pet overpopulation. It develops a tractable dynamic model whose positive predictions square well with key features of the current U.S. market for pets. The...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Axiomatic Bargaining On Economic Environments With Lotteries
October 3, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Most contributions in axiomatic bargaining are phrased in the space of utilities. This comes in sharp contrast with standards in most other branches of economic theory. The present paper shows how...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Reason-Based Choice: A Bargaining Rationale For The Attraction And Compromise Effects
June 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Many of the decision problems we face are complicated by the fact that there is no single dimension or criterion for evaluating the available alternatives. For example, when searching for an...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Inequality And Economic Development: An Overview
May 12, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Conventional wisdom about the relationship between income distribution and economic development has been subjected to dramatic transformation in the past century. While the Classical economists...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Bargaining, Coalitions And Externalities: A Comment On Maskin
June 5, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The authors first observe that two of Maskin's results do not extend beyond three players: they construct a four-player partition function with nonpositive externalities whose unique solution is...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Post-1500 Population Flows And The Long Run Determinants Of Economic Growth And Inequality
October 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The authors construct a matrix showing the share of the year 2000 population in every country that is descended from people in different source countries in the year 1500. Using this matrix, the...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
The Pareto-Stability Concept Is A Natural Solution Concept For Discrete Matching Markets With Indifferences
August 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
In a decentralized setting the game-theoretical predictions are that only strong blockings are allowed to rupture the structure of a matching. This paper argues that, under indifferences, also...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Comparative Vigilance: A Simple Guide
September 3, 2008, 12:00am PDT
In this paper the authors discuss a new tort liability rule, which we call super-symmetric comparative negligence and vigilance. When both injurer and victim in an accident are negligent, it...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
A Social Welfare Function Characterizing Competitive Equilibria Of Incomplete Financial Markets
May 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
A classic characterization of competitive equilibria views them as feasible allocations maximizing a weighted sum of utilities. It has been applied to establish fundamental properties of the...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Arrow's Impossibility Theorem: Two Simple Single-Profile Versions
March 5, 2008, 12:00am PST
In this paper the authors provide two simple new versions of Arrow's impossibility theorem, in a model with only one preference profile. Both versions are transparent, requiring minimal...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Information Transmission And Core Convergence In Quasilinear Economies
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
We study core convergence in interim quasilinear economies with asymmetric information, concentrating on core notions in which information is transmitted endogenously within coalitions and the...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Towards A Unified Theory Of Economic Growth: Oded Galor On The Transition From Malthusian Stagnation To Modern Economic Growth
March 7, 2008, 12:00am PST
There are several fundamental reasons for the quest for a unified theory of economic growth. First, a comprehensive understanding of the hurdles faced by less developed economies in reaching a...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Getting Punishment Right: Do Costly Monitoring Or Redistributive Punishment Help?
January 15, 2008, 12:00am PST
In this paper, we study a set of experimental treatments that permit us to study both costly monitoring and redistributive punishment. In two treatments, subjects learn the contributions of the...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
The Neolithic Revolution and Contemporary Variations in Life Expectancy
August 28, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This research advances an evolutionary theory and provides empirical evidence that shed new light on the origins of contemporary differences in life expectancy across countries. The theory...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Preferences For Redistribution and Perception of Fairness: An Experimental Study. Revised July
July 30, 2009, 12:00am PDT
We study the importance of fairness preferences, risk aversion, and self-interest in determining support for redistribution by conducting a laboratory experiment that includes both elements not...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Cooperative Games: Core And Shapley Value
July 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper describes the basic elements of the cooperative approach to game theory, one of the two counterparts of the discipline. After the presentation of some basic definitions, the focus will...
Provided by Brown University
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Whitepapers
On Verifying the Consistency of Remote Untrusted Services
February 20, 2013, 12:00am PST
A group of mutually trusting clients outsources a computation service to a remote server, which they do not fully trust and that may be subject to attacks. The clients do not communicate with each...
Provided by Brown University
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Whitepapers
On The Security of One-Witness Blind Signature Schemes
February 28, 2012, 12:00am PST
Blind signatures have proved an essential building block for applications that protect privacy while ensuring unforgeability, i.e., electronic cash and electronic voting. One of the oldest, and...
Provided by Brown University
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Whitepapers
Tamper and Leakage Resilience in the Split-State Model
May 28, 2012, 12:00am PDT
It is notoriously difficult to create hardware that is immune from side channel and tampering attacks. A lot of recent literature, therefore, has instead considered algorithmic defenses from such...
Provided by Brown University
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Whitepapers
Practical Yet Universally Composable Two-Server Password-Authenticated Secret Sharing
December 21, 2012, 12:00am PST
Password-Authenticated Secret Sharing (PASS) schemes, first introduced by Bagherzandi et al. at CCS 2011, allow users to distribute data among several servers so that the data can be recovered...
Provided by Brown University
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Whitepapers
Comparison Between CPBPV, ESC/Java, CBMC, Blast, EUREKA and Why for Bounded Program Verification
August 11, 2008, 12:00am PDT
This paper describes experimental results for a set of benchmarks on program verification. It compares the capabilities of CPBVP "Constraint Programming framework for Bounded Program Verification"...
Provided by Brown University
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Whitepapers
Compression Aware Physical Database Design
July 19, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Modern RDBMSs support the ability to compress data using methods such as null suppression and dictionary encoding. Data compression offers the promise of significantly reducing storage...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Xheal: Localized Self-Healing Using Expanders
April 6, 2011, 12:00am PDT
The authors consider the problem of self-healing in reconfigurable networks (e.g. peer-to-peer and wireless mesh networks) that are under repeated attack by an omniscient adversary and propose a...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
ADsafety Type-Based Verification of JavaScript Sandboxing
May 31, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Web sites routinely incorporate JavaScript programs from several sources into a single page. These sources must be protected from one another, which requires robust sandboxing. The many...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Malleable Proof Systems and Applications
January 16, 2012, 12:00am PST
Malleability for cryptography is not necessarily an opportunity for attack, but in many cases a potentially useful feature that can be exploited. In this paper, the authors examine notions of...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Uncertainty Aversion And The Term Structure Of Interest Rates
February 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
This paper proposes a novel explanation for the empirical finding that yields on risk-free bonds are increasing with their maturity (the term premium). The key ingredient in the explanation is...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
ADsafety: Type-Based Verification of JavaScript Sandboxing
May 31, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Web sites routinely incorporate JavaScript programs from several sources into a single page. These sources must be protected from one another, which require robust sandboxing. The many...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Semantics-Based Code Search
February 11, 2009, 12:00am PST
The authors' goal is to use the vast repositories of available open source code to generate specific functions or classes that meet a user's specifications. The key words here are specifications...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Obligations and Their Interaction With Programs
June 8, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Obligations are pervasive in modern systems, often linked to access control decisions. The authors present a very general model of obligations as objects with state, and discuss its interaction...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Cryptographic Protocol Explication and End-Point Projection
June 30, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Cryptographic protocols are useful for engineering trust in transactions. There are several languages for describing these protocols, but these tend to capture the communications from the...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Optimistic Fair Exchange With Multiple Arbiters
September 17, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Fair exchange is one of the most fundamental problems in secure distributed computation. Alice has something that Bob wants, and Bob has something that Alice wants. A fair exchange protocol would...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
The Case for Predictive Database Systems: Opportunities and Challenges
January 12, 2011, 12:00am PST
This paper argues that next generation database management systems should incorporate a predictive model management component to effectively support both inward-facing applications, such as self...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Botticelli: A Supply Chain Management Agent
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
The paper describes the architecture of Brown University's agent, Botticelli, a finalist in the 2003 Trading Agent Competition in Supply Chain Management (TAC SCM). In TAC SCM, a simulated...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Sonet Network Design Problems
October 7, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper presents a new method and a constraint-based objective function to solve two problems related to the design of optical telecommunication networks, namely the Synchronous Optical Network...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
A Local Search Modeling for Constrained Optimum Paths Problems (Extended Abstract)
October 7, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Constrained Optimum Path (COP) problems appear in many real-life applications, especially on communication networks. Some of these problems have been considered and solved by specific techniques...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Cryptographic Accumulators for Authenticated Hash Tables
December 18, 2009, 12:00am PST
Hash tables are fundamental data structures that optimally answer membership queries. Suppose a client stores n element in a hash table that is outsourced at a remote server. Authenticating the...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Attacks on the AKACP Protocol
July 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
In the recent paper by Mohammad et al. it was shown that the protocols for authenticated key agreement proposed by Elkamchuchi and Eldefrawy in and are vulnerable against Key Compromise...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Rational Secret Sharing With Side Information in Point-to-Point Networks Via Time-Delayed Encryption
October 15, 2010, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors give the first construction of a rational secret sharing protocol that is strict Nash (or Nash with respect to trembles) in the computational sense, works in a standard...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Cryptography for Efficiency: Authenticated Data Structures Based on Lattices and Parallel Online Memory Checking
February 16, 2011, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors initially design a new authenticated data structure for a dynamic table with n entries. They present the first dynamic authenticated table that is update-optimal, using...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Experiences With Tracing Causality in Networked Services
April 6, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Unlike device-centric monitoring, task-centric tracing enables an operator to causally trace the complete execution of a networked system across the boundaries of applications, protocols, and...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Tight Bounds on Information Dissemination in Sparse Mobile Networks
February 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
The emergence of mobile computing devices has added a new intriguing component, mobility, to the study of distributed systems. In fully mobile systems, such as wireless Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
The Essence of JavaScript
March 31, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors reduce JavaScript to a core calculus structured as a small-step operational semantics. They present several peculiarities of the language and show that the calculus models them. They...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
The Margrave Tool for Firewall Analysis
October 21, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Writing and maintaining firewall configurations can be challenging, even for experienced system administrators. Tools that uncover the consequences of configurations and edits to them can help...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Please Continue to Hold: An Empirical Study on User Tolerance of Security Delays
May 24, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors present the results of an experiment examining the extent to which individuals will tolerate delays when told that such delays are for security purposes. In the experiment, they asked...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Trusted Multiplexing of Cryptographic Protocols
September 14, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The authors present an analysis that determines when it is possible to multiplex a pair of cryptographic protocols. They present a transformation that improves the coverage of this analysis on...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Towards an Operational Semantics for Alloy
August 8, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The Alloy modeling language has a mathematically rigorous denotational semantics based on relational algebra. Alloy specifications often represent operations on a state, suggesting...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
ZKPDL: A Language-Based System for Efficient Zero-Knowledge Proofs and Electronic Cash
June 18, 2010, 12:00am PDT
In recent years, many advances have been made in cryptography, as well as in the performance of communication networks and processors. As a result, many advanced cryptographic protocols are now...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Fast and Highly-Available Stream Processing Over Wide Area Networks
December 21, 2007, 12:00am PST
The authors present a replication-based approach that realizes both fast and highly-available stream processing over wide area networks. In the approach, multiple operator replicas send outputs to...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Requirements for Science Data Bases and SciDB
December 11, 2008, 12:00am PST
For the past year, the authors have been assembling requirements from a collection of scientific data base users from astronomy, particle physics, fusion, remote sensing, oceanography, and...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Super-Efficient Verification of Dynamic Outsourced Databases
January 16, 2008, 12:00am PST
Large databases are increasingly being outsourced to untrusted third parties (Responders) and without some kind of verification mechanisms, users cannot trust the answers to queries. Thus, an...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Monitoring In Teams: Using Laboratory Experiments To Study A Theory Of The Firm
March 5, 2008, 12:00am PST
The author's influential explanation of the classical business firm argues that there is need for a concentrated residual claim in the hands of a central agent, to motivate the monitoring of...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Multiple Growth Regimes-Insights From Unified Growth Theory
June 14, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Unified Growth Theory uncovers the forces that contributed to the existence of multiple growth regimes and the emergence of convergence clubs. It suggests that differential timing of take-offs...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Implementation In Adaptive Better-Response Dynamics
July 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
In this paper the authors study the classic implementation problem under the behavioral assumption that agents myopically adjust their actions in the direction of better-responses within a given...
Provided by Brown University
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White Papers
Cooperative Games: Core And Shapley Value
July 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper describes the basic elements of the cooperative approach to game theory, one of the two counterparts of the discipline. After the presentation of some basic definitions, the focus will...
Provided by Brown University
-
White Papers
Preferences For Redistribution and Perception of Fairness: An Experimental Study. Revised July
July 30, 2009, 12:00am PDT
We study the importance of fairness preferences, risk aversion, and self-interest in determining support for redistribution by conducting a laboratory experiment that includes both elements not...
Provided by Brown University
-
White Papers
The Neolithic Revolution and Contemporary Variations in Life Expectancy
August 28, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This research advances an evolutionary theory and provides empirical evidence that shed new light on the origins of contemporary differences in life expectancy across countries. The theory...
Provided by Brown University
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