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Carnegie Mellon University
(462 results)-
White Papers
TACKing Together Efficient Authentication, Revocation, and Privacy in VANETs
May 4, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Vehicular Ad Hoc NETworks (VANETs) require a mechanism to help authenticate messages, identify valid vehicles, and remove malevolent vehicles. A Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) can provide this...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
The Cognitive Virtues of Dynamic Networks
August 10, 2010, 12:00am PDT
For the most part, studies in the network science literature tend to focus on networks whose functional connectivity is largely invariant with respect to some episode of collective information...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Challenges in Anticipatory Information Management Under Network Constraints
August 9, 2010, 12:00am PDT
As various militaries move towards a vision of network centric warfare and network centric operations, multiple issues regarding information acquisition and presentation arise as one tries to use...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Living With Boisterous Neighbors: Studying the Interaction of Adaptive Jamming and Anti-Jamming
April 21, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Jamming has long been a problem in wireless communications, but with recent advances in adaptive jamming, adaptive anti-jamming, and other advanced physical layer security techniques, it is hard...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
S-SPAN: Secure Smart Posters in Android Using NFC
March 15, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Smart posters are a promising new use case for NFC-enabled mobile devices, but to date there has been a general lack of security mechanisms for NFC smart posters. The authors present S-SPAN - a...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
All Your Jammers Belong to Us - Localization of Wireless Sensors Under Jamming Attack
September 19, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Accurately determining locations of nodes in mobile wireless network is crucial for a myriad of applications. Unfortunately, most localization techniques are vulnerable to jamming attacks where...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Tracking and Sketching Distributed Data Provenance
October 12, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Current provenance collection systems typically gather metadata on remote hosts and submit it to a central server. In contrast, several data-intensive scientific applications require a...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Spin One's Wheels - Byzantine Fault Tolerance With a Spinning Primary
July 17, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Most Byzantine Fault-Tolerant state machine replication (BFT) algorithms have a primary replica that is in charge of ordering the clients requests. Recently it was shown that this dependence...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
QoS Aware Path Selection in Content Centric Networks
May 24, 2012, 12:00am PDT
With the availability of higher network bandwidths, greater computing power, and a shift to more content centric use of the internet, researchers are revisiting the Internet architecture. One such...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Adaptive Quality of Service in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks
March 12, 2012, 12:00am PDT
In high criticality crisis scenarios, such as disaster management, ad hoc wireless networks are quickly assembled in the field to support decision makers through situational awareness using...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
A Multilingual Screen Reader In Indian Languages
January 17, 2010, 12:00am PST
Screen reader is a form of assistive technology to help visually impaired people to use or access the computer and Internet. So far, it has remained expensive and within the domain of English (and...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Identifying Tipping Points in a Decision-Theoretic Model of Network Security
March 13, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Although system administrators are frequently urged to protect the machines in their network, the fact remains that the decision to protect is far from universal. To better understand this...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Achieving Both Valid and Secure Logistic Regression Analysis on Aggregated Data from Different Private Sources
December 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Preserving the privacy of individual databases when carrying out statistical calculations has a long history in statistics and had been the focus of much recent attention in machine learning In...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
A Spatial-Epistemic Logic for Reasoning About Security Protocols
February 28, 2011, 12:00am PST
Reasoning about security properties involves reasoning about where the information of a system is located, and how it evolves over time. While most security analysis techniques need to cope with...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
A Learning Theory Approach to Non-Interactive Database Privacy
September 13, 2011, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors demonstrate that, ignoring computational constraints, it is possible to privately release synthetic databases that are useful for large classes of queries - much larger...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
TVR - Tall Vehicle Relaying in Vehicular Networks
December 4, 2012, 12:00am PST
Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication is a core technology for enabling safety and non-safety applications in next generation Intelligent Transportation Systems. Recently, several studies have...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
What if Routers Were Social? Analyzing Wireless Mesh Networks From a Social Networks Perspective
April 11, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) consist of radio nodes organized in a mesh topology for serving wireless mesh clients to communicate with one another or to connect to the Internet. Nodes in a mesh...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
A Case for Scaling HPC Metadata Performance Through De-Specialization
November 7, 2012, 12:00am PST
Lack of a highly scalable and parallel metadata service is the Achilles heel for many cluster file system deployments in both the HPC world and the Internet services world. This is because most...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Theia: Visual Signatures for Problem Diagnosis in Large Hadoop Clusters
November 9, 2012, 12:00am PST
Diagnosing performance problems in large distributed systems can be daunting as the copious volume of monitoring information available can obscure the root-cause of the problem. Automated...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Transparent System Call Based Performance Debugging for Cloud Computing
September 13, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Problem diagnosis and debugging in distributed environments such as the cloud and popular distributed systems frameworks has been a hard problem. The authors explore an evaluation of a novel way...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Statistical Learning for File-Type Identification
December 7, 2011, 12:00am PST
File-Type Identification (FTI) is an important problem in digital forensics, intrusion detection, and other related fields. Using state-of-the-art classification techniques to solve FTI problems...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Street-Level Trust Semantics for Attribute Authentication
September 6, 2012, 12:00am PDT
The problem of determining whether a receiver may safely accept attributes (e.g., identity, credentials, location) of unknown senders in various online social protocols is a special instance of a...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Saving Cash by Using Less Cache
May 16, 2012, 12:00am PDT
With the advent of cloud computing, web service providers have the ability to dynamically scale their computing infrastructures to match demand. Further, because cloud resources are often priced...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
RAIDR: Retention-Aware Intelligent DRAM Refresh
April 22, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAM) is the building block of modern main memory systems. DRAM cells must be periodically refreshed to prevent loss of data. These refresh operations waste energy...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
A Case for Exploiting Subarray-Level Parallelism (SALP) in DRAM
April 19, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Modern DRAMs have multiple banks to serve multiple memory requests in parallel. However, when two requests go to the same bank, they have to be served serially, exacerbating the high latency of...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Staged Memory Scheduling: Achieving High Performance and Scalability in Heterogeneous Systems
April 24, 2012, 12:00am PDT
When multiple processor (CPU) cores and a GPU integrated together on the same chip share the off-chip main memory, requests from the GPU can heavily interfere with requests from the CPU cores,...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
MinBD: Minimally-Buffered Deflection Routing for Energy-Efficient Interconnect
March 13, 2012, 12:00am PDT
A conventional Network-on-Chip (NoC) router uses input buffers to store in-flight packets. These buffers improve performance, but consume significant power. It is possible to bypass these buffers...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
How Close Is Close Enough ? Understanding the Role of Cloudlets in Supporting Display Appropriation by Mobile Users
January 27, 2012, 12:00am PST
Transient use of displays by mobile users was prophesied two decades ago. Today, convergence of a range of technologies enables the realization of this vision. For researchers in this space, one...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Enabling Efficient and Scalable Hybrid Memories Using Fine-Granularity DRAM Cache Management
March 8, 2012, 12:00am PST
Hybrid main memories composed of DRAM as a cache to scalable non-volatile memories such as Phase-Change Memory (PCM) can provide much larger storage capacity than traditional main memories. A key...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Collaborating With Executable Content Across Space and Time
October 1, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Executable content is of growing importance in many domains. How does one share and archive such content at Internet-scale for spatial and temporal collaboration? Spatial collaboration refers to...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
STIR-Ing the Wireless Medium With Self-Tuned, Inference-Based, Real-Time Jamming
July 30, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Jamming, broadcasting to intentionally interfere with wireless reception has long been a problem for wireless systems. Recent research demonstrates numerous advances in jamming techniques that...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
A Comparative Study of Location-sharing Privacy Preferences in the U.S. and China
January 1, 2012, 12:00am PST
While prior studies have provided users with an initial understanding of people's location-sharing privacy preferences, they have been limited to Western countries and have not investigated the...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
So Near, and Yet so Far: Managing "far-Away" Interferers in Dense Femto-Cell Networks
November 30, 2012, 12:00am PST
The authors expect femto-cells to be massively and densely deployed in the future. Numerous existing works on femto-cell interference management assume that the local topology of interfering...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Chronological Examination of Insider Threat Sabotage: Preliminary Observations
October 30, 2012, 12:00am PDT
An employee of a telecommunications company, when asked to resign, responded by sabotaging company IT systems, shutting down their telecommunication system and blocking 911 services in four major...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Initial Findings for Provisioning Variation in Cloud Computing
October 10, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Cloud computing offers a paradigm shift in management of computing resources for large-scale applications. Using the Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) cloud computing model, users today can...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Center-of-Gravity Reduce Task Scheduling to Lower MapReduce Network Traffic
May 3, 2012, 12:00am PDT
MapReduce is by far one of the most successful realizations of large-scale data-intensive cloud computing platforms. MapReduce automatically parallelizes computation by running multiple map and/or...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Locality-Aware Reduce Task Scheduling for Mapreduce
October 5, 2011, 12:00am PDT
MapReduce offers a promising programming model for big data processing. Inspired by functional languages, MapReduce allows programmers to write functional-style code which gets automatically...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Votus: A Flexible and Scalable Monitoring Framework for Virtualized Clusters
November 9, 2011, 12:00am PST
Large-scale distributed processing frameworks such as Hadoop are currently enjoying wide popularity for big data computation. Performance Analysis and monitoring under these frameworks are...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
Teaching the Cloud
February 23, 2011, 12:00am PST
Cloud computing is a disruptive technology, one that embodies a major conceptual shift and is rapidly changing the way users, developers, and organizations work with computing infrastructure....
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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Whitepapers
D-ADMM: A Distributed Algorithm for Compressed Sensing and Other Separable Optimization Problems
January 25, 2012, 12:00am PST
The authors propose a distributed, decentralized algorithm for solving separable optimization problems over a connected network of compute nodes. In a separable problem, each node has its own...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
The Case for Content Search of VM Clouds
July 23, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The success of cloud computing can lead to large, centralized collections of Virtual Machine (VM) images. The ability to interactively search these VM images at a high semantic level emerges as an...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
How Do Wireless Chains Behave? the Impact of MAC Interactions
March 5, 2009, 12:00am PST
In a Multi-hop Wireless Networks (MHWN), packets are routed between source and destination using a chain of intermediate nodes; chains are a fundamental communication structure in MHWNs whose...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Sensor Selection for Event Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks
November 22, 2010, 12:00am PST
The authors consider the problem of sensor selection for event detection in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). They want to choose a subset of p out of n sensors that yields the best detection...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Scheduling in Wireless Networks Under Uncertainties: A Greedy Primal-Dual Approach
June 12, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper proposes a dynamic primal-dual type algorithm to solve the optimal scheduling problem in wireless networks subject to uncertain parameters, which are generated by stochastic network...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Distributed Consensus Algorithms in Sensor Networks: Quantized Data and Random Link Failures
September 28, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The paper studies the problem of distributed average consensus in sensor networks with quantized data and random link failures. To achieve consensus, dither (small noise) is added to the sensor...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Sensor Networks With Random Links: Topology Design for Distributed Consensus
January 31, 2008, 12:00am PST
In a sensor network, in practice, the communication among sensors is subject to: Errors or failures at random times; costs; and constraints since sensors and networks operate under scarce...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Distributed Throughput-Optimal Scheduling in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks
February 7, 2011, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors propose a distributed throughput optimal ad hoc wireless network scheduling algorithm, which is motivated by the celebrated simplex algorithm for solving Linear...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Efficient Byzantine Fault Tolerance for Scalable Storage and Services
July 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Distributed systems experience and should tolerate faults beyond simple component crashes as such systems grow in size and importance. Unfortunately, tolerating arbitrary faults, also known as...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Chip Multiprocessors for Server Workloads
July 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The authors stand on the cusp of the giga-scale era of chip integration. Technological advancements in semiconductor fabrication yield ever-smaller and faster devices, enabling billion-transistor...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Formal Methods for Privacy
September 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Privacy means something different to everyone. Against a vast and rich canvas of diverse types of privacy rights and violations, the authors argue technology's dual role in privacy: new...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Coding Without Your Crystal Ball: Unanticipated Object-Oriented Reuse
December 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
In many ways, existing languages place unrealistic expectations on library and framework designers, allowing some varieties of client reuse only if it is explicitly - sometimes manually -...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Hyrax: Cloud Computing on Mobile Devices Using MapReduce
September 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Today's smartphones operate independently of each other, using only local computing, sensing, networking, and storage capabilities and functions provided by remote Internet services. It is...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Authenticated Communication and Computation in Known-Topology Networks With a Trusted Authority
September 30, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The authors show that two distinguishing properties of sensor networks, i.e., the presence of a trusted base station, and the pre-knowledge of the fixed network topology, can yield security...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
XIA: An Architecture for an Evolvable and Trustworthy Internet
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Motivated by limitations in today's host-based IP network architecture, recent studies have proposed clean-slate network architectures centered around alternate first-class principals, such as...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Understanding Route Aggregation
March 9, 2010, 12:00am PST
Route aggregation, the method to supersede a set of routes by a single, more general route, is a universal mechanism that is either explicitly included in a routing protocol specification or added...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Energy-Efficient Dynamic Capacity Provisioning in Server Farms
March 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
A central question in designing server farms today is how to efficiently provision the number of servers to handle unpredictable demand patterns, so as to extract the best performance while not...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
The Manna Plug-In Architecture for Content-Based Search of VM Clouds
August 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
As cloud computing becomes more popular, collections of Virtual Machine (VM) images are growing in size. Management of VM collections requires the ability to inspect and search data stored within...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Pocket ISR: Virtual Machines Anywhere
March 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
The Internet Suspend/Resume system provides access to a user's computing state anytime and anywhere - so long as there's an ISR client handy. The authors introduce Pocket ISR, a Linux distribution...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Locally Distributed Predicates: A Technique for Distributed Programming
May 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
New research in wireless networks, sensor networks, and modular robotics has spurred renewed interest in distributed programming techniques. Distributed programming is inherently more difficult...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Network-Wide Deployment of Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems
June 23, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Traditional research efforts for scaling NIDS and NIPS systems using parallelization and hardware-assisted acceleration have largely focused on a single-vantage-point view. In this chapter, the...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
An Access Network Architecture for Neighborhood-scale Multimedia Delivery
June 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are in a constant race to meet the bandwidth demands of their subscribers. Access link upgrades, however, are expensive and take years to deploy. Many ISPs are...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Algorithms and Models for Problems in Networking
July 27, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Many interesting theoretical problems arise from computer networks. In this paper the authors will consider three of them: algorithms and data structures for problems involving distances in...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Effective Network Management Via System-Wide Coordination and Optimization
August 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
As networked systems grow and traffic patterns evolve, management applications are increasing in complexity and functionality. To address the requirements of these management applications,...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Reusing Migration to Simply and Efficiently Implement Multi-Server Operations in Transparently Scalable Storage Systems
May 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Distributed file systems that scale by partitioning files and directories among a collection of servers inevitably encounter multi-server operations. A common example is a RENAME that moves a file...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
QMAS: Querying, Mining and Summarization of Multi-Modal Databases
November 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Given a large collection of images, very few of which have labels given a priori, how can the authors automatically assign the labels of the remaining majority, and make suggestion for images that...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Encountering Stronger Password Requirements: User Attitudes and Behaviors
July 16, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Text-based passwords are still the most commonly used authentication mechanism in information systems. The authors took advantage of a unique opportunity presented by a significant change in the...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Access Control for Home Data Sharing: Attitudes, Needs and Practices
October 19, 2009, 12:00am PDT
As digital content becomes more prevalent in the home, nontechnical users are increasingly interested in sharing that content with others and accessing it from multiple devices. Not much is known...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Usable Key Agreement in Home Networks
December 13, 2008, 12:00am PST
With the rapid emergence of new home networking technologies and proliferation of devices that use them, innovation has focused on rich functionality and largely ignored the associated security...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
FAWNdamentally Power-Efficient Clusters
May 10, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Power is becoming an increasingly large financial and scaling burden for computing and society. The costs of running large data centers are becoming dominated by power and cooling to the degree...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Energy-Efficient Cluster Computing With FAWN: Workloads and Implications
March 8, 2010, 12:00am PST
This paper presents the architecture and motivation for a cluster-based, many-core computing architecture for energy-efficient, data-intensive computing. FAWN, a Fast Array of Wimpy Nodes,...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
On Internet Availability: Where Does Path Choice Matter?
March 30, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Today's Internet availability is low, despite the efforts of organizations to improve failure resilience through multi-homing. In this paper, the authors analyze where and how much exposure to...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Self-Interference in Multi-Hop Wireless Chains: Geometric Analysis and Performance Study
June 10, 2008, 12:00am PDT
In the presence of interference, two single hop links can interact in a number of different ways, exhibiting significantly different behavior. In this paper, the authors consider the impact of...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
On Backoff in Fading Wireless Channels
June 12, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The authors consider the impact of transmission errors on the backoff algorithm behavior in the IEEE 802.11 protocol. Specifically, since the backoff algorithm assumes that all packet losses are...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Challenges in Measuring, Understanding, and Achieving Social-Technical Congruence
April 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Congruence, the state in which a software development organization harbors sufficient coordination capabilities to meet the coordination demands of the technical products under development, is...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Model-Driven Performance Analysis
October 17, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) is an approach to develop software systems by creating models and applying automated transformations to them to ultimately generate the implementation for a target...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
The Software Quality Profile
January 6, 2010, 12:00am PST
The software community has been slow to use data to measure software quality. This paper discusses the reasons for this problem and describes a way to use process measurements to assess product...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Self-Management in Chaotic Wireless Deployments
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Over the past few years, wireless networking technologies have made vast forays into the daily lives. Today, one can find 802.11 hardware and other personal wireless technology employed at homes,...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
On the Performance Benefits of Multihoming Route Control
April 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Multihoming is increasingly being employed by large enterprises and data centers to extract good performance and reliability from their ISP connections. Multihomed end networks today can employ a...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Securing Their Future? Entry and Survival in the Information Security Industry
February 11, 2010, 12:00am PST
Studies of industry evolution conclude that established firms tend to outperform startups. A variety of possible sources of advantage have been identified. Established firms are larger, endowed...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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White Papers
Theory and New Primitives for Interconnecting Routing Protocol Instances
May 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Recent studies have shown that the primitives, that govern the interactions between routing protocol instances, are pervasively deployed in enterprise networks and the Internet but are extremely...
Provided by Carnegie Mellon University
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