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Columbia University
(362 results)-
White Papers
The Shapley Profit for Content, Transit and Eyeball Internet Service Providers
October 7, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) depend on one another to provide global network services. However, the profit-seeking nature of the ISPs leads to selfish behaviors that result in inefficiencies...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Spreadable Connected Autonomic Networks (SCAN)
March 30, 2008, 12:00am PDT
A Spreadable Connected Autonomic Network (SCAN) is a mobile network that automatically maintains its own connectivity as nodes move. The authors envision SCANs to enable a diverse set of...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
An Analysis of Generalized Slotted-Aloha Protocols
October 24, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Aloha and its slotted variation are commonly deployed Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols in environments where multiple transmitting devices compete for a medium, yet may have difficulty...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Throughput and Fairness in Random Access Networks
January 1, 2012, 12:00am PST
This paper present an throughput analysis of log-utility and max-min fairness. Assuming all nodes interfere with each other, completely or partially, log-utility fairness significantly enhances...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Generalized Slotted-Aloha in Cooperative, Competitive and Adversarial Environments
January 1, 2012, 12:00am PST
Aloha and its slotted variation are commonly deployed Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols in environments where multiple transmitting devices compete for a medium, yet may have difficulty...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
ALDR: A New Metric for Measuring Effective Layering of Defenses
November 21, 2011, 12:00am PST
Attackers continually innovate and craft attacks that penetrate existing defenses. New security product purchasing decisions are key in order to keep organizations as secure as possible. Current...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Defending Embedded Systems With Software Symbiotes
August 9, 2011, 12:00am PDT
A large number of embedded devices on the internet, such as routers and VOIP phones, are typically ripe for exploitation. Little to no defensive technology, such as AV scanners or IDS's, are...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Cross-Domain Collaborative Anomaly Detection: So Far Yet so Close
August 17, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Web applications have emerged as the primary means of access to vital and sensitive services such as online payment systems and databases storing personally identifiable information....
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Killing the Myth of Cisco IOS Diversity: Recent Advances in Reliable Shellcode Design
June 12, 2011, 12:00am PDT
IOS firmware diversity, the unintended consequence of a complex firmware compilation process, has historically made reliable exploitation of Cisco routers difficult. With approximately 300,000...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
On the Design and Execution of Cyber-Security User Studies: Methodology, Challenges, and Lessons Learned
June 21, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Real-world data collection poses an important challenge in the security field. Insider and masquerader attack data collection poses even a greater challenge. Very few organizations acknowledge...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
The Shapley Value Mechanism for ISP Settlement
July 6, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Within the current Internet, autonomous ISPs implement bilateral agreements, with each ISP establishing agreements that suit its own local objective to maximize its profit. Peering agreements...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Energy Efficient Offloading of 3G Networks
August 25, 2011, 12:00am PDT
The increase in data consumed by smart-phones is becoming a huge problem for mobile operators. In three years, mobile data traffic in AT&T's network rose 5000%. The US operators invest $50 billion...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Sharpness a Tight Condition for Scalability
May 5, 2008, 12:00am PDT
A distributed system is scalable if the rate at which it completes its computation and communication tasks does not depend on its size. As an example, the scalability of a peer-to-peer application...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Adaptive Spectrum Sensing for Agile Cognitive Radios
January 15, 2010, 12:00am PST
Vast segments of the frequency spectrum are licensed to specific users for particular applications. These legacy users, however, often under-utilize their designated spectrum segments. Unlicensed...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Selective Gossip
October 13, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Motivated by applications in compression and distributed transform coding, the authors propose a new gossip algorithm called Selective Gossip to efficiently compute sparse approximations of...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Toward Practical Private Access to Data Centers Via Parallel ORAM
March 23, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Today, accessing maps, pictures, status updates, and other data from online services is de rigueur, but these accesses may leak private information. Previous work proposed using a secure...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Performance Evaluation of Resource Allocation Policies for Energy Harvesting Devices
April 12, 2011, 12:00am PDT
The authors focus on resource allocation for energy harvesting devices. They analytically and numerically evaluate the performance of algorithms that determine time fair energy allocation in...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
An Integrated Four-Phase Buck Converter Delivering 1A/mm2 With 700ps Controller Delay and Network-on-Chip Load in 45-Nm SOI
April 19, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Performance-per-watt is an increasingly important metric for microprocessors as it is now common for the thermal envelope to limit computational performance of an IC. Dynamic Voltage and Frequency...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
On-Chip Photonic Communication for High-Performance Multi-Core Processors
October 11, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The quest for high-performance and low-power has brought computer architects to design multi-core architectures where an increasing number of parallel processing cores are integrated on a single...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Nanophotonic Optical Interconnection Network Architecture for On-Chip and Off-Chip Communications
January 22, 2008, 12:00am PST
An architecture for an integrated low-power, high-bandwidth optical interconnection network based on microring resonator technology is presented. The layout of the non-blocking network is...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Embedded Processor Virtualization for Broadband Grid Computing
November 10, 2011, 12:00am PST
The authors implemented and evaluated a heterogeneous system architecture that combines a traditional computer cluster with a broadband network of embedded Set-Top Box (STB) devices to provide a...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Roomba MADNeT: A Mobile Ad-Hoc Delay Tolerant Network Testbed
November 29, 2007, 12:00am PST
The authors have built a Mobile, Ad-hoc, Delay tolerant, Network Testbed (MADNeT). Their testbed is geared towards enabling the exploration of highly disconnected networks whose nodes must store...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
The Time-Correlated Update Problem
August 24, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Recent advances in the fields of sensor networks and mobile robotics have provided the means to place monitoring/sensing equipment in an increasingly wide variety of environments - a significant...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Concurrency Attacks
April 21, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Just as errors in sequential programs can lead to security exploits, errors in concurrent programs can lead to concurrency attacks. Questions such as whether these attacks are real and what...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Efficient Deterministic Multithreading Through Schedule Relaxation
October 26, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Deterministic MultiThreading (DMT) eliminates many pernicious software problems caused by non-determinism. It works by constraining a program to repeat the same thread interleavings, or schedules,...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Finding Concurrency Errors in Sequential Code -OS-level, In-Vivo Model Checking of Process Races
April 15, 2011, 12:00am PDT
While thread races have drawn huge attention from the research community, little has been done for process races, where multiple - possibly sequential - processes access a shared resource, such as...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Bypassing Races in Live Applications With Execution Filters
September 24, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Deployed multithreaded applications contain many races because these applications are difficult to write, test, and debug. Worse, the number of races in deployed applications may drastically...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Linux-CR: Transparent Application Checkpoint-Restart in Linux
July 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Application checkpoint-restart is the ability to save the state of a running application so that it can later resume its execution from the time of the checkpoint. Application checkpoint-restart...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
KVM for ARM
June 4, 2010, 12:00am PDT
As ARM CPUs grow in performance and ubiquity across phones, netbooks, and embedded computers, providing virtualization support for ARM-based devices is increasingly important. The authors present...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Fog Computing: Mitigating Insider Data Theft Attacks in the Cloud
March 22, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Cloud computing promises to significantly change the way the people use computers and access and store their personal and business information. With these new computing and communications...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Lost in Translation: Improving Decoy Documents Via Automated Translation
April 13, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Detecting insider attacks continues to prove to be one of the most difficult challenges in securing sensitive data. Decoy information and documents represent a promising approach to detecting...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
A Study of Privacy Setting Errors in an Online Social Network
January 31, 2012, 12:00am PST
Access control policies are notoriously difficult to configure correctly, even people who are professionally trained system administrators experience difficulty with the task. With the increasing...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Privacy Enhanced Access Control for Outsourced Data Sharing
September 21, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Traditional access control models often assume that the entity enforcing access control policies is also the owner of data and re-sources. This assumption no longer holds when data is outsourced...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Source Prefix Filtering in ROFL
July 26, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Traditional firewalls have the ability to allow or block traffic based on source address as well as destination address and port number. The authors' original ROFL scheme implements firewalling by...
Provided by Columbia University
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Whitepapers
On the Performance of Flexgrid-Based Optical Networks
April 17, 2012, 12:00am PDT
The ever increasing IP traffic volume has finally brought to light the high inefficiency of current wavelength-routed rigid-grid networks in matching the client layer requirements. Such an issue...
Provided by Columbia University
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Whitepapers
Hash Tables With Finite Buckets Are Less Resistant to Deletions
July 8, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors show that when memory is bounded, i.e., buckets are finite, dynamic hash tables that allow insertions and deletions behave significantly worse than their static counterparts that only...
Provided by Columbia University
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Whitepapers
CompactDFA: Generic State Machine Compression for Scalable Pattern Matching
December 22, 2009, 12:00am PST
Pattern matching algorithms lie at the core of all contemporary Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS), making it intrinsic to reduce their speed and memory requirements. This paper focuses on the most...
Provided by Columbia University
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Whitepapers
An Email Worm Vaccine Architecture
January 1, 2012, 12:00am PST
The authors present an architecture for detecting "Zero-day" worms and viruses in incoming email. Their main idea is to intercept every incoming message, pre-scan it for potentially dangerous...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Programming Languages & Translators: XML Document Manipulation Language (XDML)
June 11, 2007, 12:00am PDT
XML (the Extensible Markup Language) is a W3C-endorsed standard markup language for documents containing structured information. Its main purpose is to facilitate the sharing of data across...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Programming Languages and Translators: Language Proposal
September 24, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper describes a language for identifying communication protocols and extracting fields and values, referred to as metadata, from a set of packets in a capture file. To simplify the language...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Beyond The Five-year Strategic Plan
October 24, 2007, 12:00am PDT
In his new book, Bill Duggan reveals how to cultivate strategic intuition to drive innovation, solve problems and capitalize on unforeseen opportunities. Professor Duggan is the author of three...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Lab Work For Your Business Model
April 9, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Management professor Rita McGrath says experimentation must be an integral part of a company's strategy in order to remain competitive in the future. "The level of uncertainty and speed of change...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Tips For Managing A Fast-Growing Company
May 9, 2008, 12:00am PDT
It seems like any entrepreneur would kill for the chance to become an early leader in one of the many fast-growing global industries. Yet fast growth can lead to a wide range of problems, from...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Banking On Recycling
August 8, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Ron Gonen will change the way you think about recycling. He's been honing his strategy ever since the day he convinced his high school of the economic benefits of purchasing reusable metal...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Opportunities In Alternative Energy
November 18, 2009, 12:00am PST
In an event held at Columbia Business School, Warren Buffett and Bill Gates spoke on opportunities in alternative energy. Gates identified energy - including renewable sources, like solar -...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Entrepreneurs: What To Do When You Are Out On A Long, Thin Limb
February 10, 2009, 12:00am PST
How are entrepreneurs weathering the financial storm? Panelists in a recent Master Class on Innovation and the Economy discussed some of the ways entrepreneurs can stay competitive in a down...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
The Best Time To Start A Business
June 20, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Becoming an entrepreneur is a very personal decision, and the right time to start a business is when it's right for you. On average, 90 percent of the entrepreneurs surveyed felt it was a good...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Financial Models: Why All The Fuss?
December 10, 2009, 12:00am PST
This article covers the discussion in the research symposium "The Quantitative Revolution and the Crisis: How Have Quantitative Financial Models Been Used and Misused" at Columbia Business School...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
The Goal-Gradient Hypothesis Resurrected: Purchase Acceleration, Illusionary Goal Progress, And Customer Retention
July 12, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The goal-gradient hypothesis denotes the classic finding from behaviorism that animals expend more effort as they approach a reward. Building on this hypothesis, the authors of this paper generate...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Automated Data Cleaning Linking Data Manager to Study Coordinator: Error Finding by Variable and Error Fixing by Subject
March 19, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Many researchers using the SAS System software receive data sets with incomplete data or data errors. Data cleaning can become an extremely tedious task for the Coordinators who must return to...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Research Directions for Network Intrusion Recovery
July 25, 2009, 12:00am PDT
One of the most significant unsolved problems for network managers and system administrators is how to repair a network infrastructure after discovering evidence of an extensive compromise. The...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Information Literacy in the Laptop Classroom
April 25, 2008, 12:00am PDT
This paper analyzes the information literacy and research practice in a purposely stratified selection of 10 one-to-one laptop K - 12 schools in California and Maine. Research Design/Data...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Statistics 695V: Data Visualization, Spring 2005
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
Many approaches to learning from data today involve the use of complex tools that extent tailor themselves to the patterns of the data, a form of automated learning. But human guidance from data...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
NETMATE: A Network Management Environment
November 6, 2007, 12:00am PST
The Network Management, Analysis, and Testing Environment (NETMATE) project proposes the design and implementation of a comprehensive data model to address the problems in distributed network...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Design of the Netmate Network Management System
November 7, 2007, 12:00am PST
The Network management, analysis, and testing environment (Netmate) project addresses research and experimental issues in distributed network management of large, heterogeneous networks. This...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Interaction With the Environment: Sensor Data Visualization in Outdoor Augmented Reality
September 29, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Proliferating sensor systems provide a rich source of data for understanding the dynamic characteristics of the environment. Visualization of, and interaction with, such data in outdoor augmented...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Security Assurance for Web Device APIs
November 6, 2008, 12:00am PST
There are many obvious reasons why web developers would like enhanced access to the facilities of the client platform. It is equally obvious that such access represents an enormous potential...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Behavior Profiling of Email
January 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
This paper describes the forensic and intelligence analysis capabilities of the Email Mining Toolkit (EMT) under development at the Columbia Intrusion Detection (IDS) Lab. EMT provides the means...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Collaborative Distributed Intrusion Detection
January 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
The rapidly increasing array of Internet - scale threats is a pressing problem for every organization that utilizes the network. Organizations often have limited resources to detect, and respond...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
FLIPS: Hybrid Adaptive Intrusion Prevention
January 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
Intrusion detection systems are fundamentally passive and fail-open. Because their primary task is classification, they do nothing to prevent an attack from succeeding. An Intrusion Prevention...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Behavior-Based Network Access Control: A Proof-of-Concept
June 21, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Current Network Access Control (NAC) technologies implement a pre-connect phase where the status of a device is checked against a set of policies before being granted access to a network, and a...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Behavior-Profile Clustering for False Alert Reduction in Anomaly Detection Sensors
October 22, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Anomaly Detection (AD) sensors compute behavior profiles to recognize malicious or anomalous activities. The behavior of a host is checked continuously by the AD sensor and an alert is raised when...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Spectrogram: A Mixture-of-Markov-Chains Model for Anomaly Detection in Web Traffic
January 5, 2009, 12:00am PST
This paper presents a new model and sensor framework that offers a favorable balance under this constraint and demonstrates improvement over some existing approaches. Spectrogram is a network...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Brave New World: Pervasive Insecurity of Embedded Network Devices
June 21, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Embedded network devices have become a ubiquitous fixture in the modern home, office as well as in the global communication infrastructure. Devices like routers, NAS appliances, home entertainment...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Detecting and Mitigating Denial-of-Service Attacks on Voice Over IP Networks
April 11, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Voice over IP (VoIP) is more susceptible to Denial of Service attacks than traditional data traffic, due to the former's low tolerance to delay and jitter. This paper describes the design of their...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Accelerating Application-Level Security Protocols
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
This paper presents a minimal extension to the BSD socket layer that can improve the performance of application-level security protocols, such as SSH or SSL/TLS, by 10%, when hardware...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Fast Classification of XML With Network Processors
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
As XML documents become steadily more prevalent for data storage and communication, there is a growing need for routing XML messages in a network. Ideally one would be able to route XML packets at...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Programming Languages and Translators: Language Proposal
September 24, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper describes a language for identifying communication protocols and extracting fields and values, referred to as metadata, from a set of packets in a capture file. To simplify the language...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Programming Languages & Translators: XML Document Manipulation Language (XDML)
June 11, 2007, 12:00am PDT
XML (the Extensible Markup Language) is a W3C-endorsed standard markup language for documents containing structured information. Its main purpose is to facilitate the sharing of data across...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
The Shapley Value Mechanism for ISP Settlement
July 6, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Within the current Internet, autonomous ISPs implement bilateral agreements, with each ISP establishing agreements that suit its own local objective to maximize its profit. Peering agreements...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
MOVE: An End-to-End Solution to Network Denial of Service
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
This paper presents a solution to the Denial of Service (DoS) problem that does not rely on network infrastructure support, conforming to the end-to-end (e2e) design principle. The approach is to...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Optimizing Frequency Queries for Data Mining Applications
August 8, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Data mining algorithms use various Trie and bitmap-based representations to optimize the support (i.e., frequency) counting performance. This paper compares the memory requirements and support...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
xPF: Packet Filtering for Low-Cost Network Monitoring
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
The ever-increasing complexity in network infrastructures is making critical the demand for network monitoring tools. While the majority of network operators rely on low-cost open-source tools...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
EasyVPN: IPsec Remote Access Made Easy
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
Telecommuting and access over a Wireless LAN require strong security at the network level. Although IPsec is well-suited for this task, it is difficult to configure and operate a large number of...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Achieving High Throughput in Low Multiplexed, High Bandwidth, High Delay Environments
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
This paper explores combining ECN bits and loss feedback to achieve a high throughput connection in a high bandwidth, low multiplexed environment. In the scheme, a TCP source reacts differently on...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Toward Cost-Sensitive Modeling for Intrusion Detection and Response
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) must maximize the realization of security goals while minimizing costs. This paper studies the problem of building cost-sensitive intrusion detection models. The...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Secure "Selecticast" for Collaborative Intrusion Detection Systems
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
The problem domain of Collaborative Intrusion Detection Systems (CIDS) introduces distinctive data routing challenges, which the paper shows are solvable through a sufficiently flexible...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Goals And Plans In Decision Making
June 3, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper proposes a constructed-choice model for general decision making. The model departs from utility theory and prospect theory in its treatment of multiple goals and it suggests several...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Buy-at-Bulk Network Design With Protection
August 7, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper considers approximation algorithms for buy-at-bulk network design, with the additional constraint that demand pairs be protected against edge or node failures in the network. In...
Provided by Columbia University
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White Papers
Performance of Information Discovery and Message Relaying in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
August 13, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper presents 7DS, a novel peer-to-peer resource sharing system. 7DS is an architecture, a set of protocols and an implementation enabling the exchange of data among peers that are not...
Provided by Columbia University
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