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Harvard Business School
(259 results)-
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Teaming Up To Crack Innovation And Enterprise Integration
August 7, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Your company is continuously creating new generations of products, services, and business processes. These innovations require seamless collaboration across your firm's different parts. But in...
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Why Do Countries Adopt International Financial Reporting Standards?
January 22, 2009, 12:00am PST
In a sample of 102 non-European Union countries, the paper studied variations in the decision to adopt International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). There is evidence that more powerful...
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Information Risk and Fair Value: An Examination of Equity Betas and Bid-Ask Spreads
July 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Finance theory suggests that information risk-that is, the uncertainty regarding valuation parameters for an underlying asset-is reflected in firms' equity betas and the information asymmetry...
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Substitution Patterns Of The Random Coefficients Logit
January 11, 2010, 12:00am PST
Previous research suggests that the random coefficients logit is a highly flexible model that overcomes the problems of the homogeneous logit by allowing for differences in tastes across...
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How Companies Get Smarter
July 12, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Companies are a lot like children - none of them is born knowing all that it needs to know, and relatively few are born really smart. Most acquire intelligence by learning basic tasks and skills,...
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The Distinct Effects Of Information Technology And Communication Technology On Firm Organization
September 6, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Empirical studies on information communication technologies (ICT) typically aggregate the information and communication components together. The authors show theoretically and empirically that...
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Operational Failures And Problem Solving: An Empirical Study Of Incident Reporting
August 26, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Operational failures occur in all industries with consequences that range from minor inconveniences to major catastrophes. Many organizations have implemented incident reporting systems to...
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Dividends As Reference Points: A Behavioral Signaling Model
December 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
The authors propose a model in which investors are loss averse relative to a reference point set with prior dividends. Managers with strong earnings separate themselves by increasing dividends and...
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Extending Producer Responsibility: An Evaluation Framework For Product Take-Back Policies
September 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Manufacturers are increasingly being required to adhere to product take-back regulations that require them to manage their products at the end of life. Such regulations seek to internalize...
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Clusters And Economic Policy: Aligning Public Policy With The New Economics Of Competition
November 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
The fundamental goal of economic policy is to enhance competitiveness, which is reflected in the productivity with which a nation or region utilizes its people, capital, and natural endowments to...
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Entrepreneurship And The Discipline Of External Finance
January 10, 2008, 12:00am PST
The author exploits a tax reform and use unique micro-data from Denmark to study how an exogenous increase in the cost of external finance impacted individuals' entry into entrepreneurship....
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Contract Rights And Risk Aversion: Foreign Banks And The Mexican Economy, 1997-2004
February 19, 2008, 12:00am PST
The author finds that all banks in Mexico have become increasingly risk averse, and that foreign banks are even more so. Foreign banks grant less credit, screen loans more intensively, and charge...
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Nominal Versus Indexed Debt: A Quantitative Horse Race
March 16, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The main arguments in favor and against nominal and indexed debt are the incentive to default through inflation versus hedging against unforeseen shocks. The authors model and calibrate these...
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International Financial Integration And Entrepreneurial Firm Activity
December 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
The authors explore the relation between international financial integration and the level of entrepreneurial activity in a country. They use a unique firm-level data set in a broad sample of...
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Can Higher Prices Stimulate Product Use? Evidence From A Field Experiment In Zambia
August 14, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The controversy over whether and how much to charge for health products in the developing world rests, in part, on whether higher prices can increase use, either by targeting distribution to...
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Milestones In Marketing
February 22, 2009, 12:00am PST
Marketing flourished in U.S. business schools in the prosperous years following World War II. Students preparing for assistant-product-manager positions at the likes of Procter & Gamble, Lever,...
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From Social Control To Financial Economics: The Linked Ecologies Of Economics And Business In Twentieth Century America
October 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
As the main producers of managerial elites, business schools represent strategic research sites for understanding the formation of economic practices and representations. This paper draws on...
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How Foundations Think: The Ford Foundation As A Dominating Institution In The Field Of American Business Schools
January 19, 2011, 12:00am PST
In this paper there are two primary factors that can cause institutions to change. First, institutional entrepreneurs, including individual actors or small group of actors, are able to think and...
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Measuring And Envisioning Risks: Boundary-Work In Risk Management
January 19, 2011, 12:00am PST
This paper asks whether the expansion of measurement-based risk management in banking is as inevitable and as dangerous as Power and others speculate. Based on two detailed case studies and 53...
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The Dark Side Of Creativity: Original Thinkers Can Be More Dishonest
January 11, 2011, 12:00am PST
Creativity is a common aspiration for individuals, organizations, and societies. Here, however, they test whether creativity increases dishonesty. The author proposes that a creative personality...
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To Groupon Or Not To Groupon: The Profitability Of Deep Discounts
December 17, 2010, 12:00am PST
The author examines the profitability and implications of online discount vouchers, a new marketing tool that offers consumers large discounts when they prepay for participating merchants' goods...
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Sustainable Cities: Oxymoron Or The Shape Of The Future?
January 7, 2011, 12:00am PST
Two trends are likely to define the 21st century: threats to the sustainability of the natural environment and dramatic increases in urbanization. This paper reviews the goals, business models,...
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A Brief Postwar History Of US Consumer Finance
December 10, 2010, 12:00am PST
This paper describes the consumer finance sector in the US since World War II. The authors define the sector in terms of the functions delivered by firms. They provide time series evidence on...
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Modularity For Value Appropriation - How To Draw The Boundaries Of Intellectual Property
November 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The existing theory of modularity explains how modular designs create value. The author extends the theory to address value appropriation. A product or process design that is modular with respect...
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The Learning Effects Of Monitoring
November 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper investigates the relationship between monitoring, decision-making, and learning among lower level employees. The author exploits a field-research setting in which business units vary in...
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Does Shareholder Proxy Access Improve Firm Value? Evidence From The Business Roundtable Challenge
November 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The author measures the value of shareholder proxy access by using a recent development in the ability of shareholders to nominate candidates for board seats. They use the SEC's October 4, 2010...
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Institutional Pressures And Organizational Characteristics: Implications For Environmental Strategy
November 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
A broad literature has emerged over the past decades demonstrating that firms' environmental strategies and practices are influenced by stakeholders and institutional pressures. Such findings are...
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Sponsored Links Or "Advertisements"?: Measuring Labeling Alternatives In Internet Search Engines
November 9, 2010, 12:00am PST
Search engines combine two kinds of links: So-called "Algorithmic" links present the results a search engine deems most relevant for a given search phrase, selected based on page contents,...
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Regulating For Legitimacy: Consumer Credit Access In France And America
November 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Theories of legitimate regulation have emphasized the role of governments either in fixing market failures to promote greater efficiency, or in restricting the efficient functioning of markets in...
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Accounting Scholarship That Advances Professional Knowledge And Practice
October 26, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Recent accounting scholarship has used statistical analysis on asset prices, financial reports and disclosures, laboratory experiments, and surveys of practice. The paper has studied the interface...
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The Unbundling Of Advertising Agency Services: An Economic Analysis
September 30, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The author addresses a longstanding puzzle surrounding the unbundling of services occurring over several decades in the U.S. advertising agency industry: What accounts for the shift from bundling...
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The Impact Of Supply Learning On Customer Demand: Model And Estimation Methodology
September 21, 2010, 12:00am PDT
To set service levels, firms must understand how changes in service affect customer demand. Supply learning is a process whereby customers use past supplier performance to build beliefs about...
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Making The Numbers? "Short Termism" & The Puzzle Of Only Occasional Disaster
August 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper presents a model that can reconcile these apparently contradictory perspectives. The author shows that if the source of long-term advantage is modeled as a stock of capability that...
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Using What We Know: Turning Organizational Knowledge Into Team Performance
December 31, 2010, 12:00am PST
This paper examines how teams draw on knowledge resources in the firm in the production of novel output. The author theorize positive effects of team use of an organizational knowledge repository...
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The Profits Of Power: Commercial Realpolitik In Europe And Eurasia
October 12, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Old-style realpolitik - bilateral, sentiment-free, and organized by great powers - has returned to Europe, thereby wreaking havoc on traditions of solidarism and multilateralism in the European...
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Crashes And Collateralized Lending
July 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper develops a parsimonious static model for characterizing financing terms in collateralized lending markets. The authors characterize the systematic risk exposures for a variety of...
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A Positive Approach To Studying Diversity In Organizations
September 9, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper used to distinguish between positive findings in diversity research and a positive approach to studying diversity. The author first review and integrate research on diversity from...
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Wellsprings of Creation: How Perturbation Sustains Exploration In Mature Organizations
July 26, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Organizations struggle to balance simultaneous imperatives to exploit and explore, yet theorists differ as to whether exploitation undermines or enhances exploration. The debate reflects a gap:...
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Employee Selection As A Control System
September 9, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Theories from the economics, management control, and organizational behavior literatures predict that when it is difficult to align incentives by contracting on output, aligning preferences via...
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The Many Faces Of Nonprofit Accountability
February 16, 2010, 12:00am PST
The challenge for leadership and management is to prioritize among competing accountability demands. This involves deciding both to whom and for what they owe accountability. This paper provides...
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Multinational Firms, Labor Market Discrimination, And The Capture Of Competitive Advantage By Exploiting The Social Divide
January 7, 2011, 12:00am PST
The organizational theory of the multinational firm holds that foreignness is a liability, and specifically that lack of embeddedness in host-country social networks is a source of competitive...
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Boundary Spanning In A For-Profit Research Lab: An Exploration Of The Interface Between Commerce And Academe
August 5, 2010, 12:00am PDT
In innovative industries, private-sector companies increasingly are participants in open communities of science and technology. To participate in the system of exchange in such communities, firms...
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What Drives Corporate Social Performance? International Evidence From Social, Environmental And Governance Scores
August 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The author investigates the institutional drivers of Corporate Social Performance (CSP) by focusing on its three fundamental components: social, environmental and governance performance. Using a...
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When Does A Platform Create Value By Limiting Choice?
January 11, 2011, 12:00am PST
The author presents a theory for why it might be rational for a platform to limit the number of applications available on it. The model is based on the observation that even if users prefer...
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Royal Dutch Shell: Company Strategies For Dealing With Environmental Issues
July 26, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The intricate interplay among environmental pressure groups, oil companies, and governments is revealed from the perspective of the Anglo-Dutch company Royal Dutch Shell. An examination of three...
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Entrepreneurship And Capabilities In A "Beginner" Oil Multinational: The Case Of ENI
July 21, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors laid the groundwork for the company's growth during the 1950s and 1960s. Group of knowledgeable specialists, who were equipped with a complex set of capabilities that enabled them to...
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Major Trends In The Historiography Of The Latin American Oil Industry
July 21, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The historiography of Latin America's oil industry has evolved since the period between the 1960s and the 1980s, when most scholars were focusing on the rise of nationalism in reaction to the...
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The Birth Of Joint-Stock Banking: England And New England Compared
April 27, 2010, 12:00am PDT
By the end of the nineteenth century, the banking systems of England and New England were very different. England possessed a small number of large-scale clearing banks that had established...
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Victorian Pioneers Of Corporate Sustainability
January 14, 2010, 12:00am PST
Historical scholarship on business - environment interactions has largely sidestepped the study of corporate innovations that had both economic and environmental benefits. This issue is examined...
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Private Cops On The Fraud Beat: The Limits Of American Business Self-Regulation, 1895?1932
April 28, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The new organizations shaped the legal terrain of fraud, built massive public-education campaigns, and created a private law-enforcement capacity to rival that of the federal government. Largely...
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Error's Lessons: The Importance Of Work Context In Organizational Learning From Error
January 24, 2011, 12:00am PST
This paper examines the implications of work context for learning from errors in organizations. Prior research has shown that attitudes and behaviors related to error vary between groups within...
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What Makes The Bonding Stick? A Natural Experiment Involving The Supreme Court And Cross-Listed Firms
January 21, 2011, 12:00am PST
Using a natural experiment to overcome the empirical challenges facing the debate over the bonding hypothesis, the authors analyze markets' reaction to a sudden radical change in the world of...
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Plant-Size Distribution And Cross-Country Income Differences
July 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The authors investigate, using plant-level data for 79 developed and developing countries, whether differences in the allocation of resources across heterogeneous plants are a significant...
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Turning Waste Into By-Product
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
This paper studies how a firm can create and capture value by converting a waste stream into a useful and saleable by-product. The authors show that BPS creates an operational synergy between two...
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Platform Envelopment
July 27, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Due to network effects and switching costs in platform markets, entrants generally must offer revolutionary functionality. The authors explore a second entry path that does not rely upon...
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Coupled Search Processes: Why Is It So Difficult To Find That Organizational Design Matters?
June 29, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Organizational design affects performance via coupled search processes. At low frequency, managers search for appropriate organizational designs. At higher frequency, managers use designs to...
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The Ethnic Composition Of US Inventors
December 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
The ethnic composition of US scientists and engineers is undergoing a significant trans-formation. This study applies an ethnic-name database to individual patient records granted by the United...
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Diversification Of Chinese Companies - An International Comparison
August 20, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper provides a systematic comparison of the level of business diversification in China and eight other large economies for the 2001 to 2005 period. The authors investigate reasons why...
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Modularity, Transactions, And The Boundaries Of Firms: A Synthesis
September 6, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper constructs a unified theory of the location of transactions and the boundaries of firms. It proposes that systems of production can be viewed as networks of tasks. Transactions, defined...
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Strategic Interactions In Two-Sided Market Oligopolies
July 23, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Strategic interactions between two-sided platforms depend not only on whether their decision variables are strategic complements or substitutes as for one-sided firms, but also -and crucially...
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The Causes And Consequences Of Industry Self-Policing
October 21, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Innovative regulatory programs are encouraging firms to police their own regulatory compliance and voluntarily disclose, or "Confess," the violations they find. Despite the "Winwin" rhetoric...
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How Firms Respond To Being Rated
June 21, 2009, 12:00am PDT
While many rating systems seek to help buyers overcome information asymmetries when making purchasing decisions, they investigate how these ratings also influence the companies being rated. The...
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Shamed And Able: How Firms Respond To Being Rated
May 15, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The authors examine how firms respond to third-party ratings of their corporate environmental activities. Using insights from institutional theory, they hypothesize that ratings are particularly...
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Accountability In Complex Organizations: World Bank Responses To Civil Society
October 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Civil society actors have been pushing for greater accountability of the World Bank for at least three decades. This paper outlines the range of accountability mechanisms currently in place at the...
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The Dynamic Interplay Of Inequality And Trust - An Experimental Study
October 11, 2007, 12:00am PDT
The authors study the interplay of inequality and trust in a dynamic game, where trust increases efficiency and thus allows higher growth of the experimental economy in the future. They find that...
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Recognizing The New: A Multi-Agent Model Of Analogy In Strategic Decision-Making
October 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
In novel environments, strategic decision-making is often premised on analogy, and recognition lies at its heart. In this paper, the authors develop a model that extends neural nets techniques to...
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Do Legal Origins Have Persistent Effects Over Time? A Look At Law And Finance Around The World c. 1900
December 1, 2007, 12:00am PST
This paper examines the persistence of the effects of legal origins by examining new estimates of different indicators of financial development. Then the paper examines if there were systematic...
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Acting Globally But Thinking Locally? The Influence Of Local Communities On Organizations
November 27, 2007, 12:00am PST
The authors develop an institutional theory of how local communities continue to matter for organizations, and why community factors are particularly important in a global age. Since globalization...
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A Resource Belief-Curse: Oil And Individualism
November 19, 2007, 12:00am PST
The correlation is negative, suggesting that more reliance on luck is correlated with less individualism. The authors provide three short models that help interpret this correlation. One...
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The Impact of Component Modularity On Design Evolution: Evidence From The Software Industry
December 12, 2007, 12:00am PST
Much academic work asserts a relationship between the design of a complex system and the manner in which this system evolves over time. Despite the conceptual appeal of this research, empirical...
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Exploring The Duality Between Product And Organizational Architectures: A Test Of The "Mirroring" Hypothesis
January 26, 2011, 12:00am PST
A variety of academic studies argue that a relationship exists between the structure of an organization and the design of the products that this organization produces. The authors explore this...
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The Political Economy Of "Natural" Disasters
November 21, 2008, 12:00am PST
Natural disasters occur in a political space. Although events beyond the control may trigger a disaster, the level of government preparedness and response greatly determines the extent of...
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Incompatible Assumptions: Barriers To Producing Multidisciplinary Knowledge In Communities Of Scholarship
December 20, 2007, 12:00am PST
Co-locating knowledge workers from different disciplines may be a necessary but insufficient step to generating multidisciplinary knowledge. The authors explore the role of assumptions underlying...
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On Best-Response Bidding In GSP Auctions
January 25, 2008, 12:00am PST
The authors model ad auctions as a dynamic game of incomplete information, so they can study the convergence and robustness properties of various strategies. In particular, they consider...
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Unconventional Insights For Managing Stakeholder Trust
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
Employees that don't trust their organizations are less loyal, less motivated, and less productive. Customers who perceive a breach of trust are more likely to switch to a competitor. When trust...
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Workplace Peers And Entrepreneurship
March 10, 2010, 12:00am PST
The authors examine whether the likelihood of entrepreneurial activity is related to the prior career experiences of an individual's co-workers, using a unique matched employer-employee panel...
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Finding Missing Markets (And A Disturbing Epilogue): Evidence From An Export Crop Adoption And Marketing Intervention In Kenya
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
In much of the developing world, many farmers grow crops for local or personal consumption despite export options which appear to be more profitable. Thus many conjecture that one or several...
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Allocating Marketing Resources
January 28, 2008, 12:00am PST
Marketing is essential for the organic growth of a company. Not surprisingly, firms spend billions of dollars on marketing. In this paper the authors highlight a two-stage process for marketing...
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Deterring Online Advertising Fraud Through Optimal Payment In Arrears
February 3, 2009, 12:00am PST
Online advertisers face substantial difficulty in selecting and supervising small advertising partners: Fraud can be well-hidden, and limited reputation systems reduce accountability. But partners...
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An Investigation Of Earnings Management Through Marketing Actions
July 16, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Prior research hypothesizes managers use 'real actions' including the reduction of discretionary expenditures, to manage earnings to meet or beat key benchmarks. This paper examines this...
Provided by Harvard Business School
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