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Johns Hopkins University
(86 results)-
White Papers
The SMesh Wireless Mesh Network
April 3, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Wireless mesh networks extend the connectivity range of mobile devices by using multiple access points, some of them connected to the Internet, to create a mesh topology and forward packets over...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
A Modular Framework for Clinical Decision Support Systems: Medical Device Plug-and-Play Is Critical
April 2, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper describes the design and initial implementation of a modular framework for Clinical Decision Support Systems and highlights the need for medical device plug-and-play standards. The...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Sound and Complete Type Inference for a Systems Programming Language
June 8, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Recent advances in the theory and practice of programming languages have resulted in modern languages and tools that provide certain correctness guarantees regarding the execution of programs....
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
1-800-OVERLAYS: Using Overlay Networks to Improve VoIP Quality
January 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
Every service provider is opting for Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) due to its many novel features and capability to reduce costs. This transition is also happening because VoIP is easily...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
STEWARD: Scaling Byzantine Fault-Tolerant Replication to Wide Area Networks
November 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper presents the first hierarchical Byzantine fault-tolerant replication architecture suitable to systems that span multiple wide area sites. The architecture confines the effects of any...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Gateways for Mobile Routing in Tactical Network Deployments
June 30, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The US Department of Defense (DoD) is developing a Network Centric Warfighting (NCW) capability. Key to the deployment of NCW capabilities is the development of scalable networks supporting end...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
From Total Order to Database Replication
January 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
This paper presents in detail an efficient and provably correct algorithm for database replication over partition able networks. The algorithm avoids the need for end-to-end acknowledgments for...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Performance of DTN-Based Free-Space Optical Networks With Mobility
August 27, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Free-Space Optical Communications (FSOC) has the potential to offer significant capacity advantages for future military communication networks. Due to link fragility, it is likely that FSOC...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Provably Competitive Adaptive Routing
January 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
An ad hoc wireless network is an autonomous self-organizing system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links where nodes not in direct range communicate via intermediary nodes. Routing in ad hoc...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
On Redundant Multipath Operating System Support for Wireless Mesh Networks
May 16, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Low-cost wireless routers are changing the way people connect to the Internet. They are also very cheap, albeit quite limited, Linux boxes. These attributes make them ideal candidates for wireless...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Wireless Sensor Networks for Patient Monitoring
May 15, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The increasing size of the aging population, nursing staff shortages, and decreasing hospital capacities suggest that the current level of patient care may decrease in the future. Furthermore,...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Improved Proxy Re-Encryption Schemes With Applications to Secure Distributed Storage
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
In 1998, Blaze, Bleumer, and Strauss (BBS) proposed an application called atomic proxy re-encryption, in which a semi-trusted proxy converts a ciphertext for Alice into a ciphertext for Bob...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Service-Oriented Architecture for Object-Centric Information Fusion
April 30, 2008, 12:00am PDT
In many applications there is a broad variety of information relevant to a focal "Object" of interest, and the fusion of such heterogeneous data types is desirable for classification and...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
WALRUS - A Low Latency, High Throughput Web Service Using Internet-Wide Replication
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Today, practically all of the popular web sites are served from single locations. This basic Web client-server model is easy to deploy and maintain and thus is very successful. It suffers,...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Defining The Nonprofit Sector: Switzerland
March 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
This series of working papers provide a vehicle for the initial dissemination of the CNP work to an international audience of scholars, practitioners, and policy analysts interested in the social...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Koala: Ultra-Low Power Data Retrieval in Wireless Sensor Networks
March 3, 2008, 12:00am PST
The authors present Koala, a reliable data retrieval system designed to operate at permille (.1%) duty cycles, essential for long term environmental monitoring networks. Koala achieves these low...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Scaling Secure Group Communication Systems: Beyond Peer-to-Peer
November 8, 2007, 12:00am PST
This paper proposes several integrated security architecture designs for client-server group communication systems. In an integrated architecture, security services are implemented in servers, in...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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Whitepapers
Enhancing Distributed Systems With Mechanisms to Cope With Malicious Clients
January 1, 2012, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors identify a major security vulnerability in distributed systems: compromised clients under adversarial control can use the system within their authorized access rights...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Prime: Byzantine Replication Under Attack
June 24, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Existing Byzantine-resilient replication protocols satisfy two standard correctness criteria, safety and liveness, even in the presence of Byzantine faults. The runtime performance of these...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
A Robust Push-to-Talk Service for Wireless Mesh Networks
January 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
Push-To-Talk (PTT) is a useful capability for rapidly deployable wireless mesh networks used by first responders. PTT allows several users to speak with each other while using a single,...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Intrusion-Tolerant Group Management for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
March 2, 2009, 12:00am PST
This paper presents PICO, a generic infrastructure for secure group communication in Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs). PICO provides an intrusion-tolerant group management service, allowing clients...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Temporal Envelope Subtraction for Robust Speech Recognition Using Modulation Spectrum
December 7, 2009, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors present a new noise compensation technique for modulation frequency features derived from syllable length segments of sub-band temporal envelopes. The sub-band temporal...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Cluster Delegation: High-Performance, Fault-Tolerant Data Sharing in NFS
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
This paper presents cluster delegation, an enhancement to the NFSv4 files system that improves both performance and recoverability in computing clusters. Cluster delegation allows data sharing...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
NFSv4 as the Building Block for Fault Tolerant Applications
January 29, 2009, 12:00am PST
Fault tolerance in parallel environments is a subject that has been studied extensively in theory, but practical implementations are relatively scarce. Clusters of commodity computers are commonly...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
LifeRaft: Data-Driven, Batch Processing for the Exploration of Scientific Databases
January 7, 2009, 12:00am PST
Workloads that comb through vast amounts of data are gaining importance in the sciences. These workloads consist of .needle in a haystack. Queries that are long running and data intensive so that...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Coqa: A Concurrent Programming Model With Ubiquitous Atomicity
November 21, 2007, 12:00am PST
This paper introduces a new language model, Coqa, for deeply embedding concurrent programming into objects. Every program written in Coqa has the desirable built-in behaviors of quantized...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Coqa: Concurrent Objects With Quantized Atomicity
December 28, 2007, 12:00am PST
This paper introduces a new language model, Coqa, for deeply embedding concurrent programming into objects. Every program written in the language has the desirable behaviors of atomicity, mutual...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Phong Tessellation
August 29, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Modern 3D engines used in real-time applications provide shading that hides the lack of higher order continuity inside the shapes using modulated normals, textures, and tone-mapping artifacts...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
DynaChannAl: Dynamic Channel Allocation With Minimal End-to-End Delay for Wireless Sensor Networks
September 8, 2010, 12:00am PDT
With recent advances in wireless communication, networking, and low power sensor technology, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) systems have begun to take significant roles in various applications...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Paxos for System Builders: An Overview
December 19, 2008, 12:00am PST
State Machine Replication (SMR) is a well-known technique for building distributed services requiring high performance and high availability. The Paxos protocol, developed by Leslie Lamport, is...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Byzantine Replication Under Attack
March 19, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Existing Byzantine-resilient replication protocols satisfy two standard correctness criteria, safety and liveness, in the presence of Byzantine faults. In practice, however, faulty processors can,...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
An Attack-Resilient Architecture for Large-Scale Intrusion-Tolerant Replication
October 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper presents the first architecture for large-scale, wide-area intrusion-tolerant state machine replication that is specifically designed to perform well even when some of the servers are...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Secure Blind Decryption
March 4, 2011, 12:00am PST
In this paper the authors construct public key encryption schemes that admit a protocol for blindly decrypting ciphertexts. In a blind decryption protocol, a user with a ciphertext interacts with...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
CPA and CCA-Secure Encryption Systems That Are Not 2-Circular Secure
March 16, 2010, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors present a different CPA-secure counterexample (under SXDH) as well as the first CCA-secure counterexample (under SXDH and the existence of certain NIZK proof systems)...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Practical Adaptive Oblivious Transfer From Simple Assumptions
January 7, 2011, 12:00am PST
In an adaptive Oblivious Transfer (OT) protocol, a sender commits to a database of messages and then repeatedly interacts with a receiver in such a way that the receiver obtains one message per...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Self-Protecting Electronic Medical Records Using Attribute-Based Encryption
November 18, 2010, 12:00am PST
The authors provide a design and implementation of self-protecting Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) using attribute-based encryption. The system allows healthcare organizations to export EMRs to...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Efficient Fully Secure (Hierarchical) Predicate Encryption for Conjunctions, Disjunctions and K-CNF/DNF Formulae
November 11, 2010, 12:00am PST
Predicate encryption is an important cryptographic primitive that has been recently studied and that has found wide applications as it allows for fine-grained key management. Roughly speaking, in...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Synchronized Aggregate Signatures: New Definitions, Constructions and Applications
July 29, 2010, 12:00am PDT
An aggregate signature scheme is a digital signature scheme where anyone given n signatures on n messages from n users can aggregate all these signatures into a single short signature....
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Wireless Medical Sensor Networks in Emergency Response: Implementation and Pilot Results
April 17, 2008, 12:00am PDT
This project demonstrates the feasibility of using cost effective, flexible, and scalable sensor networks to address critical bottlenecks of the emergency response process. For years, emergency...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Pedigree Types
June 10, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Pedigree Types are an intuitive ownership type system requiring minimal programmer annotations. Reusing the vocabulary of human genealogy, Pedigree Types programmers can qualify any object...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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Whitepapers
Cloud Penetration Testing
December 1, 2012, 12:00am PST
This paper presents the results of a series of penetration tests performed on the OpenStack Essex Cloud Management Software. Several different types of penetration tests were performed including...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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Whitepapers
Incremental and Parallel Analytics on Astrophysical Data Streams
November 5, 2012, 12:00am PST
Stream processing methods and online algorithms are increasingly appealing in the scientific and large-scale data management communities due to increasing ingestion rates of scientific...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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Whitepapers
SkyQuery: An Implementation of a Parallel Probabilistic Join Engine for Cross-Identification of Multiple Astronomical Databases
June 21, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Multi-wavelength astronomical studies require cross-identification of detections of the same celestial objects in multiple catalogs based on spherical coordinates and other properties. Because of...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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Whitepapers
Enhancing Distributed Systems With Mechanisms to Cope With Malicious Clients
January 1, 2012, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors identify a major security vulnerability in distributed systems: compromised clients under adversarial control can use the system within their authorized access rights...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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Whitepapers
A Parallel Page Cache: IOPS and Caching for Multicore Systems
May 10, 2012, 12:00am PDT
The authors present a set-associative page cache for scalable parallelism of IOPS in multicore systems. The design eliminates lock contention and hardware cache misses by partitioning the global...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
A Precedence-Enabled Per Hop Behavior: Impact on TCP and UDP Flows
January 31, 2008, 12:00am PST
Currently, preferential packet handling in transport networks is based solely upon application-level Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. No preferential packet handling is based upon the...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Implications of Precedence and Preemption Requirements on Packet Based Transport Architectures
September 4, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Over the last several years there have been various attempts to extend traditional Precedence enabled transport services to support all Command and Control (C2) applications. Traditional...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Preliminary Results of a Technology Demonstration of the Internet Routing in Space Capability Over a Geostationary Communications Satellite
October 23, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The Internet Protocol Routing In Space (IRIS) was developed by an industry group, under the auspices of the United States Department of Defense1 as a Joint Capability Technology Demonstration...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Charm: A Framework for Rapidly Prototyping Cryptosystems
October 28, 2011, 12:00am PDT
The authors describe Charm, an extensible framework designed for rapid prototyping of cryptographic systems that utilize the latest advances in cryptography, such as identity and attribute-based...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
The Perils of Detecting Measurement Faults in Environmental Monitoring Networks
May 12, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Scientists deploy environmental monitoring networks to discover previously unobservable phenomena and quantify subtle spatial and temporal differences in the physical quantities they measure. The...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
A Dynamic Browser Containment Environment for Countering Web-Based Malware
October 30, 2009, 12:00am PDT
During the last few years the authors have experienced a rise in malware that use so called drive-by web downloads to infect end-hosts. In response, several research efforts have proposed...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Flip-MAC: A Density-Adaptive Contention-Reduction Protocol for Efficient Any-to-One Communication
April 13, 2011, 12:00am PDT
As Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) deployments increase in density, the authors foresee a need to divide the problem of Medium Access Control into two steps: the first quickly reduces the level of...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Corrective Consensus With Asymmetric Wireless Links
September 6, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Consensus algorithms can be used to compute an average value across a multi-hop network in a distributed way. However, their convergence to the right value is not guaranteed in the presence of...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Where Have You Been? Secure Location Provenance for Mobile Devices
July 9, 2011, 12:00am PDT
With the advent of mobile computing, location-based services have recently gained popularity. Many applications use the location provenance of users, i.e., the chronological history of the users'...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Algebraic Identification of MIMO SARX Models
January 12, 2008, 12:00am PST
The authors consider the problem of identifying the parameters of a multiple-input multiple-output switched ARX model with unknown number of submodels of unknown and possibly different orders....
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Proportionally Fair Selective Cooperation for Cellular Networks: Algorithm, Simulation and Analysis
October 3, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors consider the problem of 2-node cooperation for cellular networks. In the considered system, a node and a cooperative relay are selected in a Proportionally Fair (PF) manner to transmit...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Residual Energy-Aware Cooperative Transmission (REACT) in Wireless Networks
April 14, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors study the problem of cooperative transmission, relay selection and scheduling in battery-operated wireless networks, where energy efficiency is a critical design consideration. They...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
An Upper Bound of Node Density in Cooperative Networks With Selfish Behavior
February 9, 2010, 12:00am PST
In a wireless network, connectivity is arguably the most critical issue that requires significant study since a network can hardly function well if it is disconnected. On the other hand, there are...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Resource Allocation for Frequency-Selective Fading, Multi-Carrier Systems With Fairness Constraints
February 26, 2009, 12:00am PST
The authors consider the problem of fair resource allocation for multi-carrier systems. Opportunistic scheduling exploits the time-varying, location-dependent channel conditions to achieve...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Theoretical Analysis of Selective Relaying, Cooperative Multi-Hop Networks With Fairness Constraints
February 26, 2009, 12:00am PST
The authors consider the problem of selective relaying in multi-hop networks. At each slot, a relay and a node along the optimal non-cooperative path are opportunistically selected to transmit to...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Traffic Morphing: An Efficient Defense Against Statistical Traffic Analysis
January 17, 2009, 12:00am PST
Recent work has shown that properties of network traffic that remain observable after encryption, namely packet sizes and timing, can reveal surprising information about the traffic's contents...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Koala: Ultra-Low Power Data Retrieval InWireless Sensor Networks
March 3, 2008, 12:00am PST
The authors present Koala, a reliable data retrieval system designed to operate at permille (.1%) duty cycles, essential for long term environmental monitoring networks. Koala achieves these low...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Gateway Design for Data Gathering Sensor Networks
March 29, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Innovation in gateways for data gathering sensor networks has lagged compared to advances in mote-class devices, leaving one with a limited set of options for deploying such systems. In this paper...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Phoenix: An Epidemic Approach to Time Reconstruction
December 14, 2009, 12:00am PST
Harsh deployment environments and uncertain run-time conditions create numerous challenges for postmortem time reconstruction methods. For example, motes often reboot and thus lose their clock...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
On the Mechanisms and Effects of Calibrating RSSI Measurements for 802.15.4 Radios
May 10, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Wireless sensor network protocols and applications, including those used for localization, topology control, link scheduling, and link quality estimation, make extensive use of Received Signal...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Power Control for Mobile Sensor Networks: An Experimental Approach
May 12, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Techniques for controlling the transmission power of wireless mobile devices have been widely studied in ad-hoc and cellular networks. However, as mobile applications for Wireless Sensor Networks...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Tracking a Non-Cooperative Mobile Target Using Low-Power Pulsed Doppler Radars
July 24, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Most target tracking applications developed for wireless sensor networks thus far employ passive sensors which detect the target's emissions. Their performance is thereby dictated by the magnitude...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Corrective Consensus: Converging to the Exact Average
September 7, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Consensus algorithms provide an elegant distributed way for computing the average of a set of measurements across a sensor network. However, the convergence of the node estimates to the global...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Global Flow Control for Wide Area Overlay Networks: A Cost-Benefit Approach
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
This paper presents a flow control protocol for multi-sender multi-group multicast and unicast in wide area overlay networks. The protocol is analytically grounded and achieves real world goals,...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Typhoon: A Reliable Data Dissemination Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
December 1, 2007, 12:00am PST
The authors present Typhoon, a protocol designed to reliably deliver large objects to all the nodes of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Typhoon uses a combination of spatially-tuned timers, prompt...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
High-Entropy Visual Identification for Touch Screen Devices
June 20, 2011, 12:00am PDT
The authors exhibit a system for improving the quality of user-derived keying material on touch screen devices. They allow a device to recover previously generated, highly entropic data suitable...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Automated Physical Design in Database Caches
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Performance of proxy caches for database federations that serve a large number of users is crucially dependent on its physical design. Current techniques automated or otherwise, for physical...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
DBToaster: Agile Views in a Dynamic Data Management System
January 12, 2011, 12:00am PST
This paper calls for a new breed of lightweight systems - Dynamic Data Management Systems (DDMS). In a nutshell, a DDMS manages large dynamic data structures with agile, frequently fresh views,...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
On Web Browsing Privacy in Anonymized NetFlows
August 13, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Anonymization of network traces is widely viewed as a necessary condition for releasing such data for research purposes. For obvious privacy reasons, an important goal of trace anonymization is to...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Spot Me if You Can: Uncovering Spoken Phrases in Encrypted VoIP Conversations
March 7, 2008, 12:00am PST
Despite the rapid adoption of Voice over IP (VoIP), its security implications are not yet fully understood. Since VoIP calls may traverse untrusted networks, packets should be encrypted to ensure...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
The Practical Subtleties of Biometric Key Generation
May 29, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The inability of humans to generate and remember strong secrets makes it difficult for people to manage cryptographic keys. To address this problem, numerous proposals have been suggested to...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
My Botnet Is Bigger Than Yours (Maybe, Better Than Yours) : Why Size Estimates Remain Challenging
November 7, 2007, 12:00am PST
As if fueled by its own fire, curiosity and speculation regarding botnet sizes abounds. Among researchers, in the press, and in the classroom - the questions regarding the widespread effect of...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Peeking Through the Cloud: DNS-Based Estimation and Its Applications
June 10, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Reliable network demographics are quickly becoming a much sought-after digital commodity. However, as the need for more refined Internet demographics has grown, so too has the tension between...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
All Your iFRAMEs Point to Us
June 26, 2008, 12:00am PDT
As the web continues to play an ever increasing role in information exchange, so too is it becoming the prevailing platform for infecting vulnerable hosts. In this paper, the authors provide a...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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White Papers
Robust Techniques for Evaluating Biometric Cryptographic Key Generators
March 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
Humans are unable to generate and remember strong secrets, and thus have difficulty managing cryptographic keys. To address this problem, numerous proposals have been suggested to enable people to...
Provided by Johns Hopkins University
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