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New York University
(172 results)-
White Papers
Flexible, Wide-Area Storage for Distributed Systems With WheelFS
March 2, 2009, 12:00am PST
WheelFS is a wide-area distributed storage system intended to help multi-site applications share data and gain fault tolerance. WheelFS takes the form of a distributed file system with a familiar...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Universally Composable Security With Global Setup
October 3, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Cryptographic protocols are often designed and analyzed under some trusted setup assumptions, namely in settings where the participants have access to global information that is trusted to have...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Structure Preserving CCA Secure Encryption and Its Application to Oblivious Third Parties
June 16, 2011, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors present the first public key encryption scheme that is structure preserving, i.e., the encryption scheme uses only algebraic operations. In particular, it does not use...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
GNUC: A New Universal Composability Framework
June 6, 2011, 12:00am PDT
The authors put forward a framework for the modular design and analysis of multi-party protocols. The framework is called "GNUC" (with the recursive meaning "GNUC's Not UC"), already alluding to...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Collusion-Resilient Credit-Based Reputations for Peer-to-Peer Content Distribution
September 9, 2010, 12:00am PDT
With growing demand for high-quality multimedia content, content providers face enormous pressure to scale the serving capacity. Peer-to-peer content distribution is a natural low cost option to...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Pragmatic Information Rates, Generalizations Of The Kelly Criterion, And Financial Market Efficiency
February 21, 2011, 12:00am PST
This paper is part of an ongoing investigation of "Pragmatic information," defined in Weinberger (2002) as "The amount of information actually used in making a decision." Because a study of...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Gaussian Interference Channel Aided by a Relay With Out-of-Band Reception and In-Band Transmission
June 28, 2011, 12:00am PDT
A Gaussian Interference Channel (IC) is investigated in which a relay assists two source-destination pairs. The relay is assumed to receive over dedicated orthogonal channels from the sources...
Provided by New York University
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Whitepapers
38 GHz and 60 GHz Angle-Dependent Propagation for Cellular & Peer-To-Peer Wireless Communications
May 24, 2012, 12:00am PDT
As the cost of massively broadband semiconductors continue to be driven down at millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequencies, there is great potential to use LMDS spectrum (in the 28 - 38 GHz bands) and...
Provided by New York University
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Whitepapers
The Urge to Merge: When Cellular Service Providers Pool Capacity
May 24, 2012, 12:00am PDT
As cellular networks are turning into a platform for ubiquitous data access, cellular operators are facing a severe data capacity crisis due to the exponential growth of traffic generated by...
Provided by New York University
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Whitepapers
Convolutional Networks and Applications in Vision
April 18, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Intelligent tasks, such as visual perception, auditory perception, and language understanding require the construction of good internal representations of the world (or "Features"), which must be...
Provided by New York University
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Whitepapers
EBLearn: Open-Source Energy-Based Learning in C++
September 4, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Energy-Based Learning (EBL) is a general framework to describe supervised and unsupervised training methods for probabilistic and non-probabilistic factor graphs. An energy-based model associates...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Attention Allocation Over The Business Cycle: Evidence From The Mutual Fund Industry
May 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The world of actively managed mutual funds, a multi-billion information-processing industry, provides a rich laboratory to study the link between information and investment choices. The authors...
Provided by New York University
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Whitepapers
Differential Privacy with Imperfect Randomness
August 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Most cryptographic algorithms require randomness (for example, to generate their keys, probabilistically encrypt messages, etc.). Usually, one assumes that perfect randomness is available, but in...
Provided by New York University
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Whitepapers
Publicly Verifiable Delegation of Large Polynomials and Matrix Computations, with Applications
July 23, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Outsourced computations (where a client requests a server to perform some computation on its behalf) are becoming increasingly important due to the rise of Cloud Computing and the proliferation of...
Provided by New York University
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Whitepapers
A Demonstration of Video Over a Cooperative PHY Layer Protocol
August 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Cooperative communication is a promising approach to improve the reliability of a received signal at the physical layer. Cooperating nodes create a virtual MIMO system that provides spatial...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Packet Loss Characterization in WiFi-Based Long Distance Networks
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Despite the increasing number of WiFi-based Long Distance (WiLD) network deployments, there is a lack of understanding of how WiLD networks perform in practice. In this paper, the authors perform...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Credit Market Conditions And Economy-Wide Consequences Of Financial Reporting Quality
January 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
The author examines the aggregate economic consequences of financial reporting quality (via its relation to the level of information asymmetry between firms and providers of capital). Economic...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Estimating Government Discretion In Fiscal Policy Making
July 26, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Varieties of Capitalism (VoC) is a relatively new approach to describe macroeconomic differences across countries, classifying them into Coordinated Market Economies (CMEs) and Liberal Market...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Interference Channel Aided by an Infrastructure Relay
April 16, 2009, 12:00am PDT
A Gaussian Interference Channel with an Infrastructure Relay (ICIR) is investigated. The relay has finite-capacity links to both sources and destinations that are orthogonal to each other and to...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
On the Capacity of Hybrid Wireless Networks With Opportunistic Routing
September 21, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper studies the capacity of hybrid wireless networks with Opportunistic Routing (OR). The authors first extend the opportunistic routing algorithm to exploit high-speed data transmissions...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
NCOM: Network Coding Based Overlay Multicast in Wireless Networks
January 5, 2011, 12:00am PST
The capacity of wireless networks are increasingly challenged by the traffic stresses generated by data-intensive applications. Multicast is a bandwidth-efficient solution to simultaneously...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Layered Randomized Cooperative Multicast for Lossy Data: A Superposition Approach
March 2, 2009, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors consider randomized distributed cooperation for multicasting a source signal with end-to-end distortion used as a performance metric. In order to provide differentiated...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Data Remanence Effects on Memory Based Entropy Collection for RFID Systems
May 13, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Random number generation is a fundamental security primitive. This relatively simple requirement is beyond the capacity of passive RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) tags, however. A recent...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Tree-Based HB Protocols for Privacy-Preserving Authentication of RFID Tags
July 12, 2010, 12:00am PDT
An RFID reader must authenticate its designated tags in order to prevent tag forgery and counterfeiting. At the same time, due to privacy requirements of many applications, a tag should remain...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
On the Insecurity of Proactive RSA in the URSA Mobile Ad Hoc Network Access Control Protocol
July 5, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Access control is the fundamental security service in ad hoc groups. It is needed not only to prevent unauthorized entities from joining the group, but also to bootstrap other security services....
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Still and Silent: Motion Detection for Enhanced RFID Security and Privacy Without Changing the Usage Model
June 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Personal RFID devices-found, e.g., in access cards and contactless credit cards-are vulnerable to unauthorized reading, owner tracking and different types of relay attacks. The authors observe...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Blink 'Em All: Scalable, User-Friendly and Secure Initialization of Wireless Sensor Nodes
September 6, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Wireless sensor networks have several useful applications in commercial and defense settings, as well as user-centric personal area networks. To establish secure (point-to-point and/or broadcast)...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Distributed CQL Made Easy
January 20, 2011, 12:00am PST
This paper is about making it easy to implement a distributed CQL. CQL is a continuous query language that extends SQL with a notion of windows over infinite streams of data. Programmers like...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Security Challenges During VLSI Test
May 19, 2011, 12:00am PDT
VLSI testing is a practical requirement, but unless proper care is taken, features that enhance testability can reduce system security. Data confidentiality and intellectual property protection...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Towards a Representive Testbed: Harnessing Volunteers for Networks Research
March 6, 2012, 12:00am PST
A steady rise in home systems has been seen over the past few years. As more systems are designed and deployed, an appropriate testbed is required to test these systems. Several systems exist,...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Efficient Network Coding Signatures in the Standard Model
March 7, 2012, 12:00am PST
Network Coding is a routing technique where each node may actively modify the received packets before transmitting them. While this departure from passive networks improves throughput and...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Cloud-Assisted Multiparty Computation From Fully Homomorphic Encryption
December 7, 2011, 12:00am PST
The authors construct protocols for secure multiparty computation with the help of a computationally powerful party, namely the "Cloud". Their protocols are simultaneously efficient in a number of...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Message Authentication, Revisited
February 8, 2012, 12:00am PST
Message Authentication Codes (MACs) are one of the most fundamental primitives in cryptography. Historically, a vast majority of MAC constructions are based on Pseudo-Random Functions (PRFs). In...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Security Through Entertainment: Experiences Using a Memory Game for Secure Device Pairing
May 6, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The secure "Pairing" of wireless devices based on auxiliary or Out-Of-Band (OOB) communication, such as audio, visual, or tactile channels, is a well-established research direction. However, prior...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Managing Cohort Movement of Mobile Sensors Via GPS-Free & Compass-Free Node Localization
November 25, 2009, 12:00am PST
A critical problem in mobile ad-hoc wireless sensor networks is each node's awareness of its position relative to the network. This problem is known as localization. In this paper, the authors...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Peer-to-Peer Streaming of Layered Video: Efficiency, Fairness and Incentive
May 27, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Recent advance in Scalable Video Coding (SVC) makes it possible for users to receive the same video with different qualities. To adopt SVC in P2P streaming, two key design questions need to be...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Scalable Video Multicast in Hybrid 3G/Ad-Hoc Networks
May 5, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Mobile video broadcasting service, or mobile TV, is expected to become a popular application for 3G wireless network operators. Most existing solutions for video BroadCast MultiCast Services...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Delay Bounds of Peer-to-Peer Video Streaming
June 21, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Peer-To-Peer (P2P) systems exploit the uploading bandwidth of individual peers to distribute content at low server cost. While the P2P bandwidth sharing design is very efficient for bandwidth...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Incentivized Peer-Assisted Streaming for On-Demand Services
November 12, 2009, 12:00am PST
As an efficient distribution mechanism, Peer-To-Peer (P2P) technology has become a tremendously attractive solution to offload servers in large-scale video streaming applications. However, in...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Investigating the Scheduling Sensitivity of P2P Video Streaming: An Experimental Study
November 24, 2008, 12:00am PST
With the fast penetration of broadband residential accesses, Video-over-IP applications are quickly becoming the new generation "Killer" applications on the Internet. Traditionally, videos are...
Provided by Polytechnic Institute of New York University
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White Papers
Post-Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Performance: Avoiding Chapter 22
September 3, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper extends the use of bankruptcy prediction models to a new application: the assessment of the health of industrial companies as they emerge from the Chapter 11 bankruptcy process,...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Endogenizing Bidder?s Choice In Financial Assets Auctions ? An Experimental Investigation
June 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper is to investigate the preferences of potential bidders in choosing between uniform and discriminatory auction pricing methods. Many financial assets, particularly government bonds, are...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Precautionary Hoarding Of Liquidity And Inter-Bank Markets: Evidence From The Sub-prime Crisis
July 3, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The paper consists of three pieces. First, the authors document that liquidity holdings of the large settlement banks in the UK experienced on average a 30% increase in the period immediately....
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
The Role Of Banks In Dividend Policy
August 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The authors document a significant inverse relationship between a firm's dividend payouts and reliance on bank loan financing. Banks limit dividend payouts to shareholders in order to protect the...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Testing Asymmetric-Information Asset Pricing Models
August 10, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Theoretical asset pricing models routinely assume that investors have heterogeneous information. The authors provide direct evidence of the importance of information asymmetry for asset prices and...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
When Everyone Runs For The Exit
August 20, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The dangers of shouting "Fire" in a crowded theater are well understood, but the dangers of rushing to the exit in the financial markets are more complex. Yet, the two events share several...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Dynamic Trading With Predictable Returns And Transaction Costs
July 21, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper derives in closed form the optimal dynamic portfolio policy when trading is costly and security returns are predictable by signals with different mean-reversion speeds. The optimal...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
The Efficient Markets Hypothesis: The Demise Of The Demon Of Chance?
November 11, 2009, 12:00am PST
Many commentators have suggested that economists in general and financial economists in particular have some responsibility for the recent global financial crisis. They were blinded by an...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
A Behavioral Finance Explanation For The Success Of Low Volatility Portfolios
December 18, 2009, 12:00am PST
Arguably the most remarkable anomaly in finance is the violation of the risk?]return tradeoff within the stock market: Over the past 40 years, high volatility and high beta stocks in U.S. markets...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
The New Case For Functional Separation In Wholesale Financial Services
July 30, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper reexamines the separation of commercial and investment banking in the context of modern wholesale financial environment, dominated by a small cohort of "Systemic" institutions. The...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Crisis Resolution And Bank Liquidity
August 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
When banks have relative expertise in employing risky assets, the market for these assets clears only at re-sale prices following a large number of bank failures. The gains from acquiring assets...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Estimation Of Employee Stock Option Exercise Rates And Firm Cost
June 9, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper is the first to perform a comprehensive estimation of employee stock option exercise behavior and option cost to firms. The authors develop a GMM-based methodology, robust to...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Detecting Crowded Trades In Currency Funds
December 22, 2009, 12:00am PST
The financial crisis of 2008 highlights the importance of detecting crowded trades due to the risks they pose to the stability of the financial system and to the global economy. However, there is...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Variable Rare Disasters: An Exactly Solved Framework For Ten Puzzles In Macro-Finance
December 27, 2007, 12:00am PST
This paper incorporates a time-varying intensity of disasters in the Rietz-Barro hypothesis that risk premia result from the possibility of rare, large disasters. During a disaster, an asset's...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
The Macroeconomic Effects Of Housing Wealth, Housing Finance, And Limited Risk-Sharing In General Equilibrium
May 6, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors study a two-sector general equilibrium model of housing and non-housing production where heterogeneous households face limited opportunities to insure against aggregate and...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Sovereign Default Risk Assessment From The Bottom-Up
September 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
In 2010, the world's focus on the global financial crisis shifted from financial markets and institutions to sovereign debt, especially in Europe. This has motivated a re-examination of techniques...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Are All Currency Managers Equal?
October 13, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors present a post-sample paper of currency fund managers showing that alpha hunters and especially alpha generators are more effective in providing diversification benefits for a global...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Labor Unemployment Risk And Corporate Financing Decisions
November 22, 2010, 12:00am PST
This paper examines the impact of labor unemployment risk on corporate financing decisions. Theory suggests that firms choose conservative financial policies partly as a means of mitigating worker...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
The Seeds Of A Crisis: A Theory Of Bank Liquidity And Risk-Taking Over The Business Cycle
October 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors examine how the banking sector may ignite the formation of asset price bubbles when there is access to abundant liquidity. Inside banks, given lack of observability of effort, loan...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Learning And Inference In Massive Social Networks
May 26, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Researchers and practitioners increasingly are gaining access to data on explicit social networks. For example, telecommunications and technology firms record data on consumer networks (via phone...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Price Dispersion In OTC Markets: A New Measure Of Liquidity
May 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors model price dispersion effects in Over-The-Counter (OTC) markets to show that in the presence of inventory risk for dealers and search costs for investors, traded prices...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
An Introduction To Financial Crises
August 14, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Crises have been a feature of the financial landscape for hundreds of years. They often appear without warning as the sub-prime mortgage crisis of August 2007 illustrates. A good example of a...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Detection of a Virtual Passive Pointer
May 18, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The paper presents a methodology for detecting a virtual passive pointer. The passive pointer or device does not have any active energy source within it (as opposed to a laser pointer) and thus...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Illiquidity And Under-Valuation Of Firms
October 11, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The authors study a competitive model in which market incompleteness implies that debt-financed firms may default in some states of nature and default may lead to the sale of the firms' assets at...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Dynamic Incentive Accounts
May 18, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors study optimal executive compensation in a dynamic framework that incorporates many important features of the CEO Job absent from a static setting. Shocks to firm value may weaken the...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Liquidity And Monetary Policy
October 16, 2010, 12:00am PDT
In the period leading up to the financial crisis of 2007-2008, financial institutions of all sorts increased their leverage in the wholesale markets, relying heavily on collateralized borrowing in...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Effects of Information Disclosure Under First-And Second-Price Auctions in a Supply Chain Setting
February 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
The authors study a supply chain where an upstream supplier auctions his inventory or capacity as a bundle. The importance of this setting is two-fold: From a practical point of view, there are...
Provided by New York University (Stern)
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White Papers
Kademlia: A Peer-to-Peer Information System Based on the XOR Metric
November 8, 2007, 12:00am PST
The authors describe a peer-to-peer distributed hash table with provable consistency and performance in a fault-prone environment. The system routes queries and locates nodes using a novel...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Security Amplification for Interactive Cryptographic Primitives
December 23, 2008, 12:00am PST
Security amplification is an important problem in Cryptography: starting with a "Weakly secure" variant of some cryptographic primitive, the goal is to build a "Strongly secure" variant of the...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Market Liquidity, Investor Participation, And Managerial Autonomy: Why Do Firms Go Private?
August 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The authors focus on public-market investor participation to analyze the firm's decision to stay public or go private. The liquidity of public ownership is both a blessing and a curse - it lowers...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Credit Constraints, Job Mobility And Entrepreneurship: Evidence From A Property Reform In China
December 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
This paper provides new evidence on the impact of private property rights on entrepreneurship. The author explores this issue in the context of a housing reform in urban China that allowed state...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
SV-BCMCS: Scalable Video Multicast in Hybrid 3G/Ad-Hoc Networks
April 13, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Mobile video broadcasting service, or mobile TV, is a promising application for 3G wireless network operators. Most existing solutions for video broadcast/multicast services in 3G networks employ...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Using Lexical Semantic Analysis To Derive Online Brand Positions: An Application To Retail Marketing Research
May 29, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper provides an innovative approach to brand tracking in the context of online retail shopping by deriving meaning from the vast amount of information stored in online search engine...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Secure Remote Authentication Using Biometrics
October 20, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Biometrics offer a potential source of high-entropy, secret information. Before such data can be used in cryptographic protocols, however, two issues must be addressed: biometric data are not...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Fuzzy Extractors: How to Generate Strong Keys From Biometrics and Other Noisy Data
January 20, 2008, 12:00am PST
This paper provides formal definitions and efficient secure techniques for turning noisy information into keys usable for any cryptographic application, and, in particular, reliably and securely...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Caching Characteristics of Internet and Intranet Web Proxy Traces
January 21, 2008, 12:00am PST
This paper studies the caching characteristics of HTTP requests and responses that pass through production Web proxies. This paper evaluates caching opportunities and problems. Traces with 5.9...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Retail Advertising Works! Measuring The Effects Of Advertising On Sales Via A Controlled Experiment On Yahoo!
November 18, 2008, 12:00am PST
A randomized experiment performed in cooperation between Yahoo! and a major retailer allows to measure the effects of online advertising on sales. The authors exploit a match of over one million...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Robust Cooperative Relaying in a Wireless LAN: Cross-Layer Design and Performance Analysis
October 27, 2009, 12:00am PDT
A key technology in cooperative communications is Distributed Space-Time Coding (DSTC) which achieves spatial diversity gain from multiple relays. A novel DSTC, called Randomized Distributed...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
How Call Center Location Impacts Expectations of Service From Reputable Versus Lesser Known Firms
December 3, 2007, 12:00am PST
Businesses are increasingly turning to call service centers located abroad to provide customer support. Although the country-of-origin literature as well as other reports may lead one to believe...
Provided by New York University
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White Papers
Unlocking Knowledge Transfer Potential: Knowledge Demonstrability And Superordinate Social Identity
February 23, 2009, 12:00am PST
This paper presents a conceptual model of when and how knowledge demonstrability and superordinate social identity impact the likelihood that organizations capitalize on their knowledge resources....
Provided by New York University (Stern)
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