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The World
(230 results)-
White Papers
Regulating and Overseeing Mobile Payments: A Payment Systems Perspective
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
The Payment System Development Group is at the center of an international network, whose main objective is supporting countries to reform Payments, Remittances and Securities Settlement Systems. A...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Finance And Economic Opportunity
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
This paper discusses the theory of how financial markets influence economic opportunity and reviews recent empirical work on the relation between formal financial systems and poverty, income...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Banking Structures And Financial Stability
March 21, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Under the traditional "Competition-fragility" view, more bank competition erodes market power, decreases profit margins, and results in reduced franchise value that encourages bank risk taking....
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Globalization, Pass-Through And Inflation Dynamic
March 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
An important aspect of the globalization process is the increase in interdependence among countries through the deepening of trade linkages. This process should increase competition in each...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Imports, Pass-Through, And The Structure Of Retail Markets
September 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The authors construct a model of trade with heterogeneous retailers to examine the effects of trade liberalization on retail market structure, imports and social welfare. They are especially...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Unions Power, Collective Bargaining And Optimal Monetary Policy
December 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
The authors study the design of optimal monetary policy (Ramsey policies) in a model with sticky prices and unionized labor markets. Collective wage bargaining and unions monopoly power tend to...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Monetary Policy Committee Size And Inflation Volatility
September 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Previous research on the optimal size of a Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) focused on theoretical analyses and experimental studies. These studies suggest that the ideal monetary policy committee...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Toward A Switchover Of Locomotives In The Global Economy
September 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The recovery in advanced economies is now exhibiting several signs of fragility and the medium-term growth prospects for these economies also look difficult. Could developing economies "Switch...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Rebalancing, Growth, And Development In A Multipolar Global Economy
May 1, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Reduction of large and persistent external imbalances is currently a key focus of G-20 discussions. The paper argues that in a progressively multipolar world economy, the goals of global...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Global Current Account Imbalances And Exchange Rate Adjustment: The Role Of Oil Suppliers
July 11, 2007, 12:00am PDT
The present paper extends the Obstfeld and Rogoff (2005) framework of current account imbalances by the oil exporting countries as a fourth region. It sets the stage for a variety of analysis that...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
How Global Rules Are Established And Stabilized
December 1, 2007, 12:00am PST
This paper analyzes how international rules are established and stabilized, i.e. how an international institutional order develops. Rules emerge mainly through learning from negative experience...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Remittances And The Global Financial Crisis
October 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Migrant remittances are an important source of external finance for developing countries. The current financial crisis is believed to have influenced migrant remittance flows as well as volume and...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Growth Poles And Multipolarity
June 1, 2011, 12:00am PDT
This paper develops an empirical measure of growth poles and uses it to examine the phenomenon of multipolarity. The authors formally define several alternative measures, provide theoretical...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Saving And Growth In Egypt
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
This paper illustrates the mechanisms linking national saving and economic growth, with the purpose of understanding the possibilities and limits of a saving-based growth agenda in the context of...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
The Growth Report And New Structural Economics
June 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Despite its heavy human, financial, and economic cost, the recent global recession provides a unique opportunity to reflect on the knowledge from several decades of growth research, draw policy...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
International Growth Spillovers, Geography And Infrastructure
December 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
There is significant academic evidence that growth in one country tends to have a positive impact on growth in neighboring countries. This paper contributes to this literature by assessing whether...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Firm Heterogeneity, Credit Constraints, And Endogenous Growth
April 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper is concerned with the role of firm heterogeneity under credit constraints for economic growth. The authors focus on firm size, innovativeness and credit constraints in a semi-endogenous...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Religious Orders And Growth Through Cultural Change In Pre-Industrial England
June 29, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors advance the hypothesis that cultural values such as high work ethics and thrift, "The Protestant ethic" according to MaxWeber, may have been diffused long before the Reformation,...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Engel's Law And Growth With Directed Technical Change
May 20, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper presents a tractable endogenous two-sector growth model with non-Gorman intra-temporal preferences and directed technical change. One of the two consumption goods is a necessity,...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
A Two-Sector Model Of Public Investment And Growth
July 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors consider a two-sector economy, where public infrastructure unevenly affects the productivity of the sectors. Private and public capitals are produced with different technologies, and...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Rising R&D Intensity And Economic Growth
May 17, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Over the past decades, private R&D spending in the US and other developed countries has been growing faster than GDP. In the United States, for example, R&D expenditures (excluding those funded by...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Two Views On Institutions And Development: The Grand Transition Vs The Primacy Of Institutions
June 30, 2007, 12:00am PDT
The Grand Transition (GT) view claims that economic development is causal to institutional development, and that many institutional changes can be understood as transitions occurring at roughly...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
The Determinants Of Provincial Growth In Indonesia During 1983 - 2003
June 19, 2007, 12:00am PDT
The discussion of income disparity has emphasized the need for research in finding the growth determinant. This paper will investigate the determinants of provincial growth of income per capita....
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Macro Regime And Economic Growth In China
June 24, 2007, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors investigate the relationship between Chinese macroeconomic policy and economic growth, and examine how the choice of macroeconomic regime affects economic performance in...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Trend Growth And The Dynamic Effects Of Government Spending
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
The paper studies the macroeconomic effects of government spending shocks in an economy characterized by positive trend growth. It shows that the lower is the trend growth rate the less...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Real Exchange Rates, Saving And Growth: Is There A Link?
October 6, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The view that policies directed at the real exchange rate can have an important effect on economic growth has been gaining adherents in recent years. Unlike the traditional "Misalignment" view...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Transitional Dynamics In The Solow-Swan Growth Model With AK Technology And Logistic Population Change
December 19, 2008, 12:00am PST
This paper offers an alternative way, based on the logistic population growth hypothesis, to yield transitional dynamics in the standard AK model with exogenous savings rate. Within this...
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Industrialization In Malaysia: Changing Role Of Government And Foreign Firms
May 29, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper examines the changing role of government and foreign firms in Malaysia's industrialization process. Economists have held different views of the role of government in industrialization....
Provided by Kiel Institute for the World Economy
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White Papers
Inclusive Growth Analytics : Framework And Application
March 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
This paper argues that inclusive growth analytics has a distinct character focusing on both the pace and pattern of growth. Traditionally, applied country-specific poverty and growth analyses have...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
South Asia: Growth And Regional Integration
September 14, 2007, 12:00am PDT
South Asia has experienced remarkable growth rate since the 1980s. This growth was triggered by reforms aimed at increasing global integration, improving macroeconomic management, and unleashing...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Infrastructure And Economic Growth In East Asia
April 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
This paper examines whether infrastructure investment has contributed to East Asia's economic growth using both a growth accounting framework and cross-country regressions. For most of the...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
How Relevant Is Infrastructure To Growth In East Asia?
April 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
This paper seeks to shed some light on the extent to which infrastructure sub-sectors - energy, telecommunications, water supply, sanitation, and transport - contributed to growth in East Asia...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Lessons From World Bank Research On Financial Crises
November 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The benefits of financial development and globalization have come with continuing fragility in financial sectors. Periodic crises have had real but heterogeneous welfare impacts and not just for...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Benchmarking Financial Development
June 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Capitalizing on recent improvements in the availability of cross-country financial sector data, this paper proposes a standard methodology for benchmarking the policy component of financial...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Does Financial Openness Lead To Deeper Domestic Financial Markets?
June 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Advanced and emerging market economies have rapidly integrated into international capital markets and this growing globalization of financial markets has led to some important changes in the...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Finance, Financial Sector Policies, And Long-run Growth
January 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
The first part of this paper reviews the literature on the relation between finance and growth. The second part of the paper reviews the literature on the historical and policy determinants of...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Bank Capital: Lessons From The Financial Crisis
November 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Using a multi-country panel of banks, the authors study whether better capitalized banks fared better in terms of stock returns during the financial crisis. They differentiate among various types...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
The Global Financial Crisis And Development Thinking
June 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The global financial crisis has not only dealt a major blow to the global economy, but also shaken confidence in economic management in the developed world and the economic models that guide it....
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Financial Transactions Tax: Panacea, Threat, Or Damp Squib ?
March 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
Attempts to raise a significant percentage of gross domestic product in revenue from a broad-based financial transactions tax are likely to fail both by raising much less revenue than expected and...
Provided by The World Bank
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White Papers
Financial Liberalization And Allocative Efficiency Of Capital
May 1, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Financial liberalization may have a positive effect on growth not only through the increase in the quantity of the available funds, but also through a more efficient allocation of resources across...
Provided by The World Bank
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Whitepapers
Design of Dual Band Dielectric Resonator Antenna With Serpentine Slot for WBAN Applications
April 1, 2013, 12:00am PDT
To achieve dual frequency operation for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) applications, a hybrid dual-band dielectric resonator antenna with serpentine slot fed by a microstrip line is proposed....
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Slot Loaded Microstrip Antenna for GPS, Wi-Fi, and WiMAX Applications Survey
April 1, 2013, 12:00am PDT
A tri-band slot loaded microstrip antenna is proposed. The tri-band characteristics of antenna are achieved by incorporating a combination of symmetrical Y-shaped and asymmetrical U-shaped slot....
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Performance Improved Graph Based Scheduling Algorithm for Infrastructure Based Cognitive Radio Networks
April 1, 2013, 12:00am PDT
This paper focuses on Cognitive Radio Network (CRN), in which a group of nodes communicate over a shared wireless medium with a limited bandwidth. Here frequency channel for transmission of...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
A Review on Dynamic MANET on Demand Routing Protocol in MANETs
April 1, 2013, 12:00am PDT
Mobile ad-hoc network is one of the types of wireless ad-hoc networks which has distinguished characteristics like: self configuring, decentralized and infrastructure less. Mobile nodes in such a...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
A Simple and Original Design of Multi-Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Communication
April 1, 2013, 12:00am PDT
Simulated design and analysis of a new simple multi-band microstrip antenna is presented in this paper. An introduced design covers the requisite bandwidth for GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS cellular phone...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
FEM Analysis, Design and Optimization of a Compact Bandpass Filter for Low-Power UWB Communications Applications
February 1, 2013, 12:00am PST
With the aid of the Finite Element Method (FEM) and a commercial EM simulator, the analysis, the design and the optimization of a compact band-pass filter using inter-digital coupled microstrip...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
An Energy Efficient Medium Access Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
December 1, 2012, 12:00am PST
Wireless sensor networks have been widely used in many important fields such as target detection and tracking, environmental monitoring, industrial process monitoring etc. Since the nodes in...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Efficient DNS Based Load Balancing for Bursty Web Application Traffic
October 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
This research proposes a new efficient load balancing algorithm which applies to the local Domain Name Service (DNS) server for web based applications and services to ease the sudden increase in...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Multi-Tiered Architecture for Intrusion Prevention
December 1, 2012, 12:00am PST
Today with the Internet available as a general tool, access to any publicly reachable network is a way for the legit users to leverage network resources. On the other hand, it is a way for hackers...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Energy-Efficient Position Based Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
December 1, 2012, 12:00am PST
A mobile ad-hoc network is an infrastructure less temporary network without any centralized administration. In such network, all nodes are mobile and can be connected dynamically in an arbitrary...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
E-Education Using Cloud Computing
October 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
With the rapid development of modern knowledge society, there is an increasing demand of E-Education, that stress students' interaction when the availability of educational information and content...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Bayesian Bootstrap Filter Approach for GPS/INS Integration
September 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Inertial Navigation System (INS) and Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies have been widely used in a variety of positioning and navigation applications. Because the GPS and the INS...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Modeling of e-Learning Based on Ant Colony Algorithm
September 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
E-learning and distance education via the Internet is a means of current and promising teaching. However, it suffers from defects mainly related to the relative absence of the teacher and,...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
New Routing Algorithm Based on ACO Approach for Lifetime Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks
November 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Recently, wireless sensor networks have become an active research topic. Developing solution for the routing problem in this kind of network is one of the main topics considered by researchers in...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Energy Optimization Approaches in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey
September 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Due to its importance like a restriction which affect the survivability and lifetime of devices in wireless communication, the energy consumption attract the attention of researchers around the...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Architecture for the Adaptation of Learning Paths Based on Ontologies and Bayesian Networks
September 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Several researches in the field of education have shown that taking into account learning styles has drastically improved the quality of teaching/learning. The adaptation of the course into the...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Enhanced IB- LEACH for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks
September 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Wireless sensor networks consists of thousands of tiny, low cost, low power and multifunctional sensor nodes where each sensor node has very low battery life. Purpose is to conserve the...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Secure DSR Protocol in MANET Using Energy Efficient Intrusion Detection System
September 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
A Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork (MANET) is a self-configuring infrastructure less network of mobile devices connected by wireless. MANETs are a kind of wireless ad hoc networks that usually has a routable...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Hybrid Biometric Recognition Based Secured Database Retrieval
September 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
In this paper image retrieval technique based on features extraction using Kekre transform is presented. This transform is applied on combination of row mean and column mean. Today, Biometric...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Compact Band Width Enhanced Microstrip Antenna for WLAN Applications
January 1, 2013, 12:00am PST
The microstrip patch antennas are widely used in modern communication system due to low profile, low weight, low cost However, the antennas suffered from narrow bandwidth and low gain. Therefore,...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Analysis of Wormhole Attack in AODV Based MANET Using OPNET Simulator
October 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) is a self-configuring network formed with wireless links by a collection of mobile nodes without using any fixed infrastructure or centralized management. The mobile...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Analysis on AES Algorithm Using Symmetric Cryptography
October 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors present the protection of long lived private key & public key using cryptographic schemes is one of the most important issues for information security. Any cryptographic...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Energy Efficient Geographical Routing Protocol with Location Awareness in Mobile AdHoc Network
August 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
A Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) is a kind of wireless ad-hoc network, and is a self configuring network of mobile routers (and associated hosts) connected by wireless links the union of which...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Analysis and Implementation of FP & Q-FP Tree with Minimum CPU Utilization in Association Rule Mining
August 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Association rule mining, one of the most important and well researched techniques of data mining, was first introduced in. It aims to extract interesting correlations, frequent patterns,...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Channel Capacity of MIMO System Over NAKAGAMI- M Fading Channel
August 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Multiple Input and Multiple Output (MIMO) system have the potential to achieve very high capacities, depending on the propagation environment. A MIMO system provides multiple independent...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
The Development of Road Lighting Intelligent Control System Based on Wireless Network Control
October 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Energy problem is a social focus now-a-days. Energy-saving and environmental protection is the policy of China. According to the people national conditions, road lighting system of their country...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Rapid Face Recognition Technology Using Eigenfaces and Gabor Filter
October 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Face recognition is one of biometric methods, to identify given face image using main features of face. Face recognition system is a computer application for automatically identifying or verifying...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Mobile Cloud a New Vehicle for Learning: M-Learning Its Issues and Challenges
August 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Today, the people are witnessing the emergence of a connected, mobile society, with a variety of information sources and means of communication available at home, office, organizations and in the...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Design and Verification of Performance of 32 Bit High Speed Truncation-Error -Tolerant Adder
August 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors have proposed an architecture for high speed Truncation Adder Algorithm. In modern VLSI technology, the occurrence of all kinds of errors has become inevitable. By...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Skin Tone Based Secrete Communication Using DWT
August 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Steganography is the art of hiding the existence of data in another transmission medium to achieve secret communication. It does not replace cryptography but rather boosts the security using its...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Use of Data Mining in Emergency Evacuation Planning
April 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
Evacuating large numbers of people during a natural disaster or terrorist attack is a vital challenge for emergency management professionals. This is even a continuous pressure on the management...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
An Analysis and Comparison of Multi-Hop Ad-Hoc Wireless Routing Protocols for Mobile Node
April 1, 2012, 12:00am PDT
A Mobile Ad-Hoc NETwork (MANET) is a group of wireless nodes and distributed throughout the network. In MANET each node using the multi hops wireless links without an infrastructure or centralized...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
BER Performance Maintenance in TURBO Coded OFDM in Cognitive Radio
January 8, 2013, 12:00am PST
Spectrum measurements show that wide ranges of the spectrum are rarely used most of the time while other bands are heavily used. However, those unused portions of the spectrum are licensed and...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Big Data Challenges
January 8, 2013, 12:00am PST
Big Data, an umbrella term for the explosion in the quantity and diversity of high frequency digital data. The Big Data may be logs, mobile-banking transactions, online user generated content such...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Efficient Weighted Pattern Generation Technique With Low Hardware Overhead
January 8, 2013, 12:00am PST
Weighted pseudorandom Built-In Self Test (BIST) schemes have been utilized in order to drive down the number of vectors to achieve complete fault coverage in BIST applications. Weighted sets...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
RTOS Based Home Automation System Using Android
January 8, 2013, 12:00am PST
With the openness, flexibility and features that Android offers, it has been widely adopted in applications beyond just SmartPhones. This paper presents the design and implementation of a low cost...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Reliable Communication Over Internet Using VoIP
January 8, 2013, 12:00am PST
Internet telephony services are voice, fax, SMS applications that are transported via the Internet. The steps are originating a VoIP telephone call and media channel setup, digitization,...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Congestion Avoidance and Mitigation in WSN
January 8, 2013, 12:00am PST
Multipath routing protocol always aims to achieve higher reliability and load balancing in wireless sensor network. In the proposed framework of the project with various assumptions, constraints...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Resource Over Allocation to Improve Energy Efficiency in Real-Time Cloud Computing Data Centers
January 8, 2013, 12:00am PST
Energy efficiency is becoming a very important concern for Cloud Computing environments. These are normally composed of large and power consuming data centers to provide the required elasticity...
Provided by The World
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Whitepapers
Reconstruction Techniques for Software Architecture
January 8, 2013, 12:00am PST
Architecture is important for any application, migration, feature additions and impact analysis. In the initial design separate the as-designed and as-built architectures. In the architecture...
Provided by The World
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