- Subscribe to this page:
- RSS
- Email Alert
University of Massachusetts
(273 results)-
White Papers
Towards Autonomously-Powered CRFIDs
August 4, 2009, 12:00am PDT
An emerging model of RFID goes significantly beyond mere identification. Future RFID applications will require tags that also perform minimal sensing, computation, and storage. In contrast to...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Auditing a Database Under Retention Restrictions
January 26, 2009, 12:00am PST
Auditing the changes to a database is critical for identifying malicious behavior, maintaining data quality, and improving system performance. But an accurate audit log is a historical record of...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Getting Things Done on Computational RFIDs With Energy-Aware Checkpointing and Voltage-Aware Scheduling
November 30, 2008, 12:00am PST
Computational RFIDs (CRFIDs) provide flexible, general-purpose computation on a microcontroller via energy that is harvested and stored in capacitors rather than batteries. The contributions...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Log Sanitization: Auditing a Database Under Retention Restrictions
June 29, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Auditing the changes to a database is critical for identifying malicious behavior, maintaining data quality, and improving system performance. But an accurate audit log is a historical record of...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Maximalist Cryptography and Computation on the WISP UHF RFID Tag
July 18, 2007, 12:00am PDT
With continuous improvements in the efficiency of micro-electronics, it is now possible to power a general-purpose microcontroller wirelessly at a reasonable range. The implementation of...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Dynamic Resource Scheduling in Disruption-Prone Software Development Environments
December 23, 2009, 12:00am PST
Good resource scheduling plays a pivotal role in successful software development projects. However, effective resource scheduling is complicated by such disruptions as requirements changes, urgent...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Applying Software Engineering Technology to Support the Clear and Precise Specification of Scientific Processes
March 11, 2010, 12:00am PST
With the availability of powerful computational and communication systems, scientists now readily access large, complicated derived datasets and build on those results to produce, through further...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Physical-Layer-Enhanced Wireless Secret Key Exchange
May 4, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper addresses the problem of efficiently establishing a shared secret key over an open wireless channel in the presence of an active (Jamming) adversary. A commonly employed technique in...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
A Relay Assisted Cooperative Transmission Protocol for Wireless Multiple Access Systems
January 13, 2010, 12:00am PST
This paper proposes a spectrally efficient cooperative transmission protocol for multiple access scenarios. The key feature is to utilize multi-user diversity and fully exploit the dynamic nature...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Efficient Algorithms for Neighbor Discovery in Wireless Networks
December 16, 2010, 12:00am PST
Wireless ad hoc networks and sensor networks are typically deployed without any communication infrastructure and are required to "Configure" themselves upon deployment. For instance, immediately...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Multi-User Diversity for Secrecy in Wireless Networks
May 2, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The ability to transmit a message securely in the presence of eavesdroppers in a dense wireless network is considered. As with a number of recent schemes, system nodes other than the transmitter...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Secure Wireless Communication With Dynamic Secrets
January 6, 2010, 12:00am PST
This paper introduces a set of low-complexity algorithms that when coupled with link layer retransmission mechanisms, strengthen wireless communication security. The basic idea is to generate a...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Network Coding Performance for Reliable Multicast
August 24, 2007, 12:00am PDT
The capacity gain of network coding has been extensively studied in wired and wireless networks. Recently, it has been shown that network coding improves network reliability by reducing the number...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
802.11g Long-Distance Measurements: Antenna Placement and Orientation
August 24, 2007, 12:00am PDT
With the increasing popularity of 802.11 wireless technologies, such equipment has recently been used to set up long distance links for wireless mesh networks. To be able to increase the range of...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
TREC 2010 Web Track Notebook: Term Dependence, Spam Filtering and Quality Bias
October 21, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Many existing retrieval approaches treat all the documents in the collection equally, and do not take into account the content quality of the retrieved documents. In the submissions for TREC 2010...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
User Agent Migration Policies in Wireless Networks
June 4, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Wireless networks often employ network-based user agents as proxies for mobile users. In this paper, the authors consider the fundamental problem of designing migration policies for these user...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Localization Problem in Sensor Networks: The Machine Learning Approach
March 3, 2008, 12:00am PST
A vast majority of localization techniques proposed for sensor networks are based on triangulation methods in Euclidean geometry. They utilize the geometrical properties of the sensor network to...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
A Distributed Minimum-Distortion Routing Algorithm With In-Network Data Processing
February 29, 2008, 12:00am PST
In many wired and wireless networks, nodes process input traffic to satisfy a network constraint (e.g., a capacity constraint) and to increase the utility of data in the output flows given these...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Modeling and Analysis of Power in Multicore Network Processors
February 19, 2008, 12:00am PST
With the emergence of multi-core network processors in support of high-performance computing and networking applications, power consumption has become a problem of increasing significance....
Provided by University of Massachusetts Lowell
-
White Papers
A Comparison of Sender-Initiated and Receiver-Initiated Reliable Multicast Protocols
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Sender-initiated reliable multicast protocols based on the use of positive Acknowledgments (ACKs) can suffer performance degradation as the number of receivers increases. This degradation is due...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Analysis of a Location-Based Social Network
June 21, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Location-based Social Networks (LSNs) allow users to see where their friends are, to search location-tagged content within their social graph, and to meet others nearby. The recent availability of...
Provided by University of Massachusetts Lowell
-
White Papers
3DLoc: Three Dimensional Wireless Localization Toolkit
April 30, 2010, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors present 3DLoc: an integrated system of hardware and software toolkits for locating an 802.11-compliant mobile device in a Three Dimensional (3D) space. 3DLoc features...
Provided by University of Massachusetts Lowell
-
White Papers
Blind Detection of Spread Spectrum Flow Watermarks
February 15, 2009, 12:00am PST
Recently, the Direct Sequence Spread-Spectrum (DSSS)-based technique has been proposed to trace anonymous network flows. In this technique, homogeneous Pseudo-Noise (PN) codes are used to modulate...
Provided by University of Massachusetts Lowell
-
White Papers
A Class of New Protocol-Level Attacks Against Tor
February 25, 2009, 12:00am PST
Tor is a real-world, circuit-based low-latency anonymous communication network, supporting TCP applications over the Internet. In this paper, the authors present a new class of attacks,...
Provided by University of Massachusetts Lowell
-
White Papers
Exploiting the Interplay Between Memory and Flash Storage in Embedded Sensor Devices
June 8, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Although memory is an important constraint in embedded sensor nodes, existing embedded applications and systems are typically designed to work under the memory constraints of a single platform and...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Dynamic Provisioning of Multi-Tier Internet Applications
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Dynamic capacity provisioning is a useful technique for handling the multi-time-scale variations seen in Internet workloads. In this paper, the authors propose a novel dynamic provisioning...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Probabilistic Inference Over RFID Streams in Mobile Environments
June 27, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Recent innovations in RFID technology are enabling large-scale cost-effective deployments in retail, healthcare, pharmaceuticals and supply chain management. The advent of mobile or handheld...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
A Multi-Agent Learning Approach to Online Distributed Resource Allocation
June 5, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Resource allocation in computing clusters is traditionally centralized, which limits the cluster scale. Effective resource allocation in a network of computing clusters may enable building larger...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Resource Overbooking and Application Profiling in Shared Hosting Platforms
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors present techniques for provisioning CPU and network resources in shared hosting platforms running potentially antagonistic third-party applications. The primary...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
An Online Optimization-Based Technique for Dynamic Resource Allocation in GPS Servers
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Since web workloads are known to vary dynamically with time, in this paper, the authors argue that dynamic resource allocation techniques are necessary in the presence of such workloads to provide...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Evaluation of Object Placement Techniques in a Policy-Managed Storage System
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Storage management cost is a significant fraction of the total cost of ownership of large, enterprise storage systems. Consequently, software automation of common storage management tasks so as to...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Scalable Techniques for Memory-efficient CDN Simulations
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Since CDN simulations are known to be highly memory-intensive, in this paper, the authors argue the need for reducing the memory requirements of such simulations. They propose a novel...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Proxy-Assisted Power-Friendly Streaming to Mobile Devices
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Since multimedia applications are known to be resource-hungry and mobile devices are resource-poor, in this paper, the authors propose techniques to reduce the energy consumption of streaming...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Impact of Space-Time Multiplexing Granularity on Provisioning in On-Demand Data Centers: Opportunities and Challenges
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
On-demand data centers efficiently host multiple applications on shared hardware by dynamically provisioning resources in response to workload variations. In this paper, the authors use real-world...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Pre-Analyzed Resource and Time Provisioning in Distributed Real-Time Systems: An Application to Mobile Robotics
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
The work is motivated by mobile robotic applications where a team of autonomous robots cooperate in achieving a goal, e.g., using sensor feeds to locate trapped humans in a building on fire. To...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Effectiveness of Dynamic Resource Allocation for Handling Internet Flash Crowds
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Internet data centers host multiple Web applications on shared hardware resources. These data centers are typically provisioned to meet the expected peak demands of the hosted applications based...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Exploiting Overlap for Provisioning of Access Points in Wireless Networks
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
802.11 - based wireless LANs have become commonplace in home and office environments. In this paper, the authors address the problems of access point provisioning in congested hot spots and...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
An Analytical Model for Multi-Tier Internet Services and Its Applications
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Since many Internet applications employ a multi-tier architecture, in this paper, the authors focus on the problem of analytically modeling the behavior of such applications. They present a model...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Agile, Dynamic Provisioning of Multi-Tier Internet Applications
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Dynamic capacity provisioning is a useful technique for handling the multi-time-scale variations seen in Internet workloads. In this paper, the authors propose a novel dynamic provisioning...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Cataclysm: Policing Extreme Overloads in Internet Services
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
In this paper the authors present the Cataclysm server platform for handling extreme overloads in hosted Internet applications. The primary contribution of the work is to develop a comprehensive...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
TCP Over Optical Burst-Switched Networks With Controlled Burst Retransmission
March 6, 2011, 12:00am PST
For Optical Burst-Switched (OBS) networks in which TCP is implemented at a higher layer, the loss of bursts can lead to serious degradation of TCP performance. Due to the bufferless nature of OBS,...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Improving TCP Performance Over Optical Burst-Switched (OBS) Networks Using Forward Segment Redundancy
March 2, 2011, 12:00am PST
Random contentions occur in Optical Burst-Switched (OBS) networks because of one-way signaling and lack of optical buffers. These contentions can occur at low loads and are not necessarily an...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Leveraging Multi-Radio Communication for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
February 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
An important challenge in mobile sensor networks is to enable energy-efficient communication over a diversity of distances while being robust to wireless effects caused by node mobility. In this...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Strictly Declarative Specification of Sophisticated Points-To Analyses
June 2, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The authors present the Doop framework for points-to analysis of Java programs. Doop builds on the idea of specifying pointer analysis algorithms declaratively, using Datalog: a logic-based...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Trojan Side-Channels: Lightweight Hardware Trojans Through Side-Channel Engineering
June 12, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The general trend in semiconductor industry to separate design from fabrication leads to potential threats from untrusted integrated circuit foundries. In particular, malicious hardware components...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Exploring the Feasibility of Low Cost Fault Injection Attacks on Sub-Threshold Devices Through an Example of a 65nm AES Implementation
June 14, 2011, 12:00am PDT
The continuous scaling of VLSI technology and the aggressive use of low power strategies (such as sub-threshold voltage) make it possible to implement standard cryptographic primitives within the...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
A Hybrid Self-Calibration Technique to Mitigate the Effect of Variability in TRNG
April 29, 2011, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors briefly study the effect of variability in process and operating conditions on the statistics and performance of on-chip True Random Number Generator (TRNG), using the...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Entropy Extraction in Metastability-Based TRNG
May 13, 2011, 12:00am PDT
True Random Number Generators (TRNG) implemented in Deep Sub Micron (DSM) technologies become biased in bit generation due to process variations and fluctuations in operating conditions. A variety...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
On the Mitigation of Traffic Correlation Attacks on Router Queues
August 31, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Traffic burstiness is known to be undesirable for a router as it increases the router's queue length and hence the queueing delays of data flows. This poses a security problem in which an attacker...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Spatial Reuse in Underwater Acoustic Networks Using RTS/CTS MAC Protocols
July 21, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Using analytic models and simulation results, the authors examine spatial reuse and the effectiveness of RTS/CTS MAC protocols in underwater acoustic networks. They are not looking at the question...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Machine Learning Based Localization
October 15, 2008, 12:00am PDT
A vast majority of localization techniques proposed for sensor networks are based on triangulation methods in Euclidean geometry. They utilize the geometrical properties of the sensor network to...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Publish/Subscribe Techniques for P2P Networks
June 22, 2010, 12:00am PDT
As P2P is a popular networking paradigm in today's Internet, many research and development efforts are geared toward services that can be useful to the users of P2P networks. This paper is focused...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Robust Routing in Dynamic MANETs
July 30, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The military environment presents special challenges for wireless mesh networking. In addition to optimal use of scarce radio resources, dependable network operation is critical: given frequent...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Evaluating the Control Overhead of Routing Protocols in Dynamic Ad Hoc Networks
July 29, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Wireless and Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs) are distinguished by time-varying link characteristics and network topology. In such dynamic environments, the network must accommodate these changes,...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Separation of Sensor Control and Data in Closed-Loop Sensor Networks
May 3, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Sensor networks are prone to congestion due to bursty and high-bandwidth data traffic, combined with wireless links and many-to-one data routing to a sink. Delayed and dropped packets then degrade...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
iMapReduce: A Distributed Computing Framework for Iterative Computation
June 4, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Relational data are pervasive in many applications such as data mining or social network analysis. These relational data are typically massive containing at least millions or hundreds of millions...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Robust Multi-Channel Wireless Networks
September 17, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Advances in technology allow one to deploy increasingly complex unstructured ("Ad hoc") wireless networks in increasingly remote and vulnerable locations. These locations may render nodes...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Finding and Mending Barrier Gaps in Wireless Sensor Networks
July 27, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Constructing sensing barriers using wireless sensor networks has important applications in military operations and homeland security. The goal of forming a sensing barrier is to detect intruders...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Identifying Mobiles Hiding Behind Wireless Routers
February 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
The Network Address Translation technique (NAT) is widely used in wireless routers. It is a low cost solution to IPv4 address space limitations. However, cyber criminals may abuse NAT and hide...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
VANET Capacity Scaling Under the Physical Model
December 31, 2007, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors introduce capacity scaling laws for VANETs considering the more realistic Physical Model. Moreover, they consider a single road scenario and derive an achievable lower...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
The Capacity of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks With Infrastructure
January 31, 2008, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors initiate a framework to address the capacity scaling trends in Vehicular Ad Hoc NETworks (VANET)s with arbitrary topologies. Towards this end they utilize the...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Scaling Laws for Distance Limited Communications in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
January 21, 2010, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors propose a framework to study the asymptotical capacity of Vehicular Ad Hoc NETworks (VANET)s when nodes are expected to communicate only when they reside in a certain...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
A Geometrical Analysis of Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks for Safety Applications
October 30, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Vehicular Ad Hoc NETworks (VANETs) are an emerging field which grant safety and efficiency to transportation networks by utilizing wireless communications. In this paper first the authors render...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
The Effect of VII Market Penetration on Safety and Efficiency of Transportation Networks
July 25, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The introduction of the Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII) initiative by the US Department Of Transportation (USDOT) has recently attracted the attention of researchers and given rise to a...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Geometry-Aware Probabilistic Communications for Urban Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
August 29, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Safety message exchange embodies a crucial proportion of inter-vehicle communications in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. In prior studies, direct single-hop broadcast seems a promising approach for...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
A Geometrical Analysis of Obstructed Wireless Networks
August 3, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Obstructions between communicating pairs reduce the reliability of data transfer in high frequency wireless networks, for which Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks serve as an emerging example. In this...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
A Universal Geocast Scheme for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
January 21, 2010, 12:00am PST
A universal communications scheme for Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) is proposed. This scheme accounts for a diverse variety of VANET-specific characteristics such as the gradual introduction...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Analytical Design of Inter-Vehicular Communications for Collision Avoidance
September 28, 2011, 12:00am PDT
The authors address the analytical design of a communications system that seeks to provide timely safety information for drivers who are unaware of an imminent collision. They develop a model to...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Evaluation of the Universal Geocast Scheme for VANETs
September 28, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Recently, a number of communications schemes have been proposed for Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs). A promising approach, the Universal Geocast Scheme (UGS), provides for a diverse variety of...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Results on Finite Wireless Networks on a Line
June 30, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Today, due to the vast amount of literature on large-scale wireless networks, the people have a fair understanding of the asymptotic behavior of such networks. However, in real world the people...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Underwater Sensor Barriers With Auction Algorithms
June 6, 2009, 12:00am PDT
With current technologies submarines can thwart active or passive sonar detection. A viable alternative to detect submissible vessels is to use magnetic or acoustic sensors in close proximity to...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Impact of Data Fusion on Real-Time Detection in Sensor Networks
September 10, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Real-time detection is an important requirement of many mission-critical wireless sensor network applications such as battlefield monitoring and security surveillance. Due to the high network...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
An Analytical Study of People Mobility in Opportunistic Networks
May 15, 2008, 12:00am PDT
An opportunistic network is a type of Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) in which communication opportunities are intermittent. Moreover, an end-to-end path between the source and the destination may...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Forensic Triage for Mobile Phones With DEC0DE
June 7, 2011, 12:00am PDT
The authors present DEC0DE, a system for recovering information from phones with unknown storage formats, a critical problem for forensic triage. Because phones have myriad custom hardware and...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Dynamic Coverage of Mobile Sensor Network
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors study the dynamic aspects of the coverage of a mobile sensor network resulting from continuous movement of sensors. As sensors move around, initially uncovered locations...
Provided by University of Massachusetts Lowell
-
White Papers
On the Benefits of Random Linear Coding for Unicast Applications in Disruption Tolerant Networks
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors investigate the benefits of using a form of network coding known as Random Linear Coding (RLC) for unicast communications in a mobile Disruption Tolerant Network (DTN)...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Modeling Redundancy-Based Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks
December 20, 2009, 12:00am PST
Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are usually intermittently connected mobile wireless networks. Routing in delay tolerant networks is challenging because many well-known assumptions of traditional...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Redundancy-Aware Routing With Limited Resources
May 7, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Network load is reduced upon elimination of redundant data transfer. Redundancy Elimination (RE) techniques can be applied on a per-packet basis, and provide benefit regardless of application....
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
Network Coding Aware Rate Selection in Multi-Rate IEEE 802.11
September 28, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Network coding has been proposed as an alternative to the conventional store-and-forward routing paradigm for data delivery in networks. When deployed in a multi-rate wireless network, network...
Provided by University of Massachusetts
-
White Papers
A Scheme To Coordinate Monetary And Fiscal Policies In The Euro Area
July 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper deals with the problems of coordination between monetary and fiscal policies in the Euro area. It examines how the existing institutions handle these problems and presents a proposal to...
Provided by University of Massachusetts Amherst
Keep Up with TechRepublic
Submit a Paper
Get your content listed in our directory!
Our directory is the largest library of vendor-supplied technical content on the Web. It’s also the first place IT decision makers turn to when researching technology solutions. Our members are already finding your competitors’ papers here - shouldn’t they find yours, too? It's FREE so click here and submit your white paper, case study, data sheet, research report, or other document today!
