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University of Melbourne
(204 results)-
White Papers
Does Part-Time Employment Help Or Hinder Lone Mothers? Movements Into Full-Time Employment?
December 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
A significant demographic trend in recent decades in Australia has been the growth in lone parent families as a proportion of all families, associated with which has been growth in welfare...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Optimal Marginal Income Tax Reforms: A Microsimulation Analysis
August 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Extensive research has shown that few robust results regarding the optimal tax structure are available. Moreover, the stylized models used in optimal tax analyses are not appropriate for practical...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Overskilling Dynamics And Education Pathways
July 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper uses panel data and econometric methods to estimate the incidence and the dynamic properties of over skilling among employed individuals. The paper begins by asking whether there is...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Does Labour Market Achievement Matter For The Wellbeing Of Australian Immigrants? Culture And Gender Differences
July 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper explores the Australian immigrants' job-life relationship by simultaneously estimating a bivariate ordered probit random effects panel model. The authors found that discrepancy between...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
A Latent Variable Approach To Forecasting The Unemployment Rate
July 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
A forecasting model for unemployment is constructed that exploits the time-series properties of unemployment while satisfying the economic relationships specified by Okun's law and the Phillips...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
The Theory Of The Fiscal Stimulus: How Will A Debt-Financed Stimulus Affect The Future?
June 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Conservative critics of Keynesian fiscal stimulus policies usually criticize such policies because of the increase in public debt that results. Hence a burden on future taxpayers would be imposed....
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
What Governs Firm-Level R&D: Internal Or External Factors?
May 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Two parallel streams of research investigating the determinants of corporate R&D exist: one from economics and the other from management. The economists' variables tend to reflect the firm's...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Tax Policy And The Globalisation Of R&D
April 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper examines the factors influencing the globalization of R&D, with a particular focus on the role of tax policy, using panel data for 25 OECD countries over the period 1980- 2005. Two...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Tax Policy And R&D Investment By Australian Firms
April 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper examines the determinants of investment in R&D by Australian firms, with a focus on the role of tax policy. The analysis considers an unbalanced panel of financial data of about 500...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Macroeconomic Conditions And Successful Commercialization
April 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The commercialization of inventions is an investment, similar to spending on plant and equipment, and accordingly the authors would expect it to be affected by macroeconomic conditions. Using data...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Working Credits: A Low-Cost Alternative To Earned Income Tax Credits?
March 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
Over recent years, several developed countries have implemented earned income tax credits in order to encourage welfare recipients to move into work. Here, the authors investigate the impact of...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Low-Paid Employment And Unemployment Dynamics In Australia
March 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
This paper uses longitudinal data from the Household, Income and Labor Dynamics in Australia (or HILDA) Survey to examine the extent to which the relatively high rates of transition from low-paid...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Measuring Poverty And Social Exclusion In Australia: A Proposed Multidimensional Framework For Identifying Socio-Economic Disadvantage
March 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
The authors propose a framework for measuring social exclusion in Australia and discuss a number of issues that need to be resolved in order to arrive at valid and useful indicators or measures....
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Linking A Dynamic CGE Model And A Microsimulation Model: Climate Change Mitigation Policies And Income Distribution In Australia
March 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
This paper extends the 'Top-down' framework, introduced by Robilliard et al. (2001), to link a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model to a micro simulation model. The proposed approach allows...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Phillips Curve And The Equilibrium Rate Of Unemployment
October 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
A time-varying Phillips curve was estimated as a means to examine the changing nature of the negative relationship between wage inflation and the unemployment rate in Australia. The implied...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Minimum Wages And Employment: Reconsidering The Use Of A Time-Series Approach As An Evaluation Tool
October 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The time-series approach used in the minimum wage literature essentially aims to estimate a treatment effect of increasing the minimum wage. In this paper, the authors employ a novel approach...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Cyclical Government Spending, Income Inequality And Welfare In Small Open Economies
September 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
This paper compares the effects of pro and counter-cyclical government spending on income inequality and welfare in a small open economy. The authors examine the consequences of alternative...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
A Bayesian Simulation Approach To Inference On A Multi-State Latent Factor Intensity Model
August 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
This paper provides a Bayesian approach to inference on a multi-state latent factor intensity model to manage the problem of highly analytically intractable pdfs. The sampling algorithm used to...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Abolishing The Tax-Free Threshold In Australia: Simulating Alternative Reforms
August 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
This paper examines the role of the tax-free income tax threshold in a complex tax and transfer system consisting of a range of taxes and benefits, each with their own taper rates and thresholds....
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Tax Policy Design And The Role Of A Tax-Free Threshold
August 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
This paper examines the role of the tax-free income tax threshold in a complex tax and transfer system consisting of a range of taxes and benefits, each with their own taper rates and thresholds....
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
The Effect Of Financial Incentives On Quality Of Care: The Case Of Diabetes
July 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Australia introduced an incentive payment scheme for general practitioners to ensure systematic and high quality care in chronic disease management. There is little empirical evidence and...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
A Univariate Model Of Aggregate Labour Productivity
May 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors set out a model of labor productivity which distinguishes between shocks which change productivity permanently and shocks which have transient affects on productivity....
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
The Determinants Of Household Risky Asset Holdings: Background Risk And Other Factors
February 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
The authors study the portfolio allocation decisions of Australian households using the relatively new Household Income and Labor Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey. They focus on household...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
The Decline In Male Employment In Australia: A Cohort Analysis
February 1, 2008, 12:00am PST
The authors investigate the nature and sources of the decline in the level of employment of working age males in Australia in recent decades, drawing on both Australian Bureau of Statistics labor...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Delays In International Patent Application Outcomes
December 1, 2007, 12:00am PST
One component of the duration of pending patents - why applicants choose to delay the examination process - is modeled. The authors use a matched sample of 9,597 patent applications. Controlling...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
The Problem Of Overskilling In Australia And Britain
November 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper examines the parallel trends in education and labor market developments in Australia and Britain. It uses unique information in the WERS and HILDA surveys on reported over skilling in...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Assessing The Incidence And Wage Effects Of Over-skilling In The Australian Labour Market
November 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper examines the incidence and wage effects of over-skilling within the Australian labor market. It finds that approximately 30 percent of employees believed themselves to be moderately...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Working Time Mismatch And Subjective Well-Being
November 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper uses nationally representative panel survey data for Australia to identify the role played by mismatches between hours actually worked and working time preferences in contributing to...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Retirement In Australia: A Closer Look At The Financial Incentives
August 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
In Australia, labor force participation among older people, particularly men over the age of 55, has been declining over the last 30 years. Previous research has found that in many OECD countries,...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Permanent Structural Change In The US Short-Term And Long-Term Interest Rates
August 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper uses a time-varying error correction model to examine the structural changes in the rate of adjustment to the long-run equilibrium and the co integrating vector of the US short- and...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Comparing Welfare Change Measures With Income Change Measures In Behavioural Policy Simulations
August 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper presents a method of computing welfare changes (compensating and equivalent variations) arising from a tax or social security policy change, in the context of behavioral micro...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Paid Annual Leave And Working Hours
July 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Using data from wave 5 of the Household, Income and Labor Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey, this paper examines the extent to which Australian employees use their annual leave entitlements;...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
The Changing Distribution Of Working Hours In Australia
July 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper presents statistical evidence on the nature of working time arrangements in Australia, and especially their distribution. More specifically, the paper analyses: the distribution of...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Predicting Short-Term Interest Rates: Does Bayesian Model Averaging Provide Forecast Improvement?
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
This paper examines the forecasting qualities of Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) over a set of single factor models of short-term interest rates. Using weekly and high frequency data for the...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Protection Of Employees In A Transmission Of Business: What Is Left In The Wake Of WorkChoices And Subsequent Statutory Amendments
November 1, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Regulation of the employment relationship in the context of a transmission of business has undergone substantial revision as a result of the Workplace Relations Amendment (Work Choices) Act 2005...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Happiness As An Objective Of Labour Law
February 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
While the idea of happiness at work has been recognized in other fields, there has been relatively little research into the relationship between labor law and happiness in leading law reviews....
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Employment Entitlements To Carer~s Leave: Domesticating Diverse Subjectivities
November 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper explores the normative underpinnings of two main sets of minimum employment standards in Australia: parental leave following birth or adoption of a child, and personal/carer's leave in...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
The Temporary Foreign Worker Program In Canada: Low-Skilled Workers As An Extreme Form Of Flexible Labour
August 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The Canadian federal government is promoting temporary foreign migration for economic reasons and specifically to promote economic growth. In Budget 2007, the federal government characterized the...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Correcting Power Imbalances In Australian CEO Remuneration: Aligning The Interests Of Shareholders And CEOs
June 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The global financial crisis has heightened media attention towards Chief Executive Officer Remuneration in relation to the 'Average' Australian. The Productivity Commission is currently...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
CloudSim: A Toolkit for Modeling and Simulation of Cloud Computing Environments and Evaluation of Resource Provisioning Algorithms
June 15, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Cloud computing is a recent advancement wherein IT infrastructure and applications are provided as "Services" to end-users under a usage-based payment model. They can leverage virtualized services...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Virtual Machine Provisioning Based on Analytical Performance and QoS in Cloud Computing Environments
June 26, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Cloud computing is the latest computing paradigm that delivers IT resources as services in which users are free from the burden of worrying about the low-level implementation or system...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Energy-Efficient Scheduling of HPC Applications in Cloud Computing Environments
September 7, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The use of High Performance Computing (HPC) in commercial and consumer IT applications is becoming popular. They need the ability to gain rapid and scalable access to high-end computing...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
On Proximity-Based Range-Free Node Localisation in Wireless Sensor Networks
January 28, 2010, 12:00am PST
Recent advances in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology have enabled deployment of sensor networks in numerous applications, ranging from medical and environmental monitoring to detection and...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Platforms for Building and Deploying Applications for Cloud Computing
May 1, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Cloud computing is rapidly emerging as a new paradigm for delivering IT services as utility-oriented services on subscription basis. The rapid development of applications and their deployment in...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Information Fusion for Localization Within Vehicular Networks
August 19, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Cooperative Positioning (CP) is a localization technique originally developed for use across wireless sensor networks. With the emergence of Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC)...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
What Fuels Oil Company Risk?
May 11, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper has a simple research question: what determines the risks of oil producing companies listed in Australia and the United States, and are there any differences between their risk...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Aneka Cloud Application Platform and Its Integration With Windows Azure
March 14, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Aneka is an Application Platform-as-a-Service (Aneka PaaS) for Cloud Computing. It acts as a framework for building customized applications and deploying them on either public or private Clouds....
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Active Probing Using Packet Quartets
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
A significant proportion of link bandwidth measurement methods are based on IP's ability to control the number of hops a packet can traverse along a route via the Time-To-Live (TTL) field of the...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Ten Microseconds Over LAN, for Free (extended)
September 22, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The status quo for timestamping in PCs is ntpd, which under general conditions is accurate to 1ms at best. For precision applications this is inadequate, but it is a low cost solution which suits...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Speedo: Realistic Achievable Bandwidth in 802.11 Through Passive Monitoring
July 21, 2008, 12:00am PDT
End to end available bandwidth is often constrained by IEEE 802.11 hops in the access network. Available bandwidth measurement is particularly challenging in the wireless environment because of...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
The Relationship Between Directors' Independence, Reputation And Management Earnings Forecasts
November 30, 2007, 12:00am PST
The authors examine the relationship between corporate governance and management earnings forecasts. They extend the prior literature by examining the impact of independent director reputation on...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Understanding The Risks In And Rewards For Pairs-Trading
August 25, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Contrarian and momentum trading have both received ample academic attention over the past two decades. Ironically, pairs-trading, which has been around Wall Street for over twenty years and is...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Building a Multi-Granularity Sensor Network Using 2-Dominating Sets
November 25, 2009, 12:00am PST
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have a wide range of applications, such as environmental monitoring and precision agriculture. In these applications, WSN are usually tasked to monitor the change of...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
An Adaptive Mechanism for Fair Sharing of Storage Resources
October 21, 2009, 12:00am PDT
To ensure Quality of Service (QoS) for data centers, it is critical to enforce a fair share of storage resources between competing users. Interposed schedulers are one of the most practical...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
On the Rates of Convergence of the Wireless Multi-Access Interference Distribution to the Normal Distribution
May 13, 2010, 12:00am PDT
It is of prime importance to reveal the structure of wireless multi-access interference distributions to compute many performance bounds and metrics for wireless networks such as transmission...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
SLA-Based Resource Provisioning for Heterogeneous Workloads in a Virtualized Cloud Datacenter
August 5, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Efficient provisioning of resources is a challenging problem in cloud computing environments due to its dynamic nature and the need for supporting heterogeneous applications with different...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
The Structure of the New IT Frontier: Aneka Platform for Elastic Cloud Computing Applications - Part III
July 26, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Stateful applications (transactional, high-performance and data-intensive) are growing at an increasing pace. Solving scalability and high performance issues are a prime concern of application...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Green Cloud Computing and Environmental Sustainability
May 6, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Cloud computing is a highly scalable and cost-effective infrastructure for running HPC, enterprise and web applications. However, the growing demand of cloud infrastructure has drastically...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Green Cloud Framework for Improving Carbon Efficiency of Clouds
May 20, 2011, 12:00am PDT
The energy efficiency of ICT has become a major issue with the growing demand of cloud computing. More and more companies are investing in building large datacenters to host cloud services. These...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Resource Discovery and Request-Redirection for Dynamic Load Sharing in Multi-Provider Peering Content Delivery Networks
March 25, 2009, 12:00am PDT
A constellation of Content Delivery Networks (CDNs), termed as peering CDNs, endeavors to guarantee adequate delivery performance when the incoming request load is overwhelming for a single...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Provisioning Spot Market Cloud Resources to Create Cost-Effective Virtual Clusters
August 5, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Infrastructure-as-a-Service providers are offering their unused resources in the form of variable-priced Virtual Machines (VMs), known as "Spot instances", at prices significantly lower than their...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
A Particle Swarm Optimization-Based Heuristic for Scheduling Workflow Applications in Cloud Computing Environments
January 29, 2010, 12:00am PST
Cloud computing environments facilitate applications by providing virtualized resources that can be provisioned dynamically. However, users are charged on a pay-per-use basis. User applications...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
CloudAnalyst: A CloudSim-Based Visual Modeller for Analysing Cloud Computing Environments and Applications
January 22, 2010, 12:00am PST
Advances in Cloud computing opens up many new possibilities for Internet application developers. Previously, a main concern of Internet applications developers was deployment and hosting of...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Adapting Market-Oriented Scheduling Policies for Cloud Computing
March 23, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Provisioning extra resources is necessary when the local resources are not sufficient to meet the user requirements. Commercial cloud providers offer the extra resources to users in on demand...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Deadline-Driven Provisioning of Resources for Scientific Applications in Hybrid Clouds With Aneka
April 29, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Scientific applications require large computing power, traditionally exceeding the available within the premises of a single institution. Therefore, clouds can be used to provide extra resources...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Energy-Efficient Management of Data Center Resources for Cloud Computing: A Vision, Architectural Elements, and Open Challenges
June 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Cloud computing is offering utility-oriented IT services to users worldwide. Based on a pay-as-you-go model, it enables hosting of pervasive applications from consumer, scientific, and business...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Energy-Aware Resource Allocation Heuristics for Efficient Management of Data Centers for Cloud Computing
May 23, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Cloud computing offers utility-oriented IT services to users worldwide. Based on a pay-as-you-go model, it enables hosting of pervasive applications from consumer, scientific, and business...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Employment Flows With Endogenous Financing Constraints
May 1, 2008, 12:00am PDT
This paper develops an industry evolution model to explore the quantitative implications of endogenous financing constraints for job reallocation. In the model firms finance entry costs and per...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Improving Wireless Security Through Network Diversity
January 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
Data confidentiality over mobile devices can be difficult to secure due to a lack of computing power and weak supporting encryption components. However, modern devices often have multiple wireless...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
PathSensor: Towards Efficient Available Bandwidth Measurement
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Efficient and reliable available bandwidth measurement remains an important goal for many applications. Recently a new class of active probing techniques has emerged which has clear advantages...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Back To The Future: Restoring Australia's Productivity Growth
August 6, 2010, 12:00am PDT
It is an understatement to say that much has happened to the Australian economy since the last Outlook conference, just over a year and half ago. Its theme, 'After the Boom', was about the need to...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
The Global Positioning Of Australian Higher Education: Where To From Here?
October 16, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper is about the global positioning of Australian higher education: past, present and future. It draws on various policy-related research projects supported by the ARC and OECD and...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Virtualize Everything But Time
September 20, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors propose a new timekeeping architecture for virtualized systems, in the context of Xen. Built upon a feed-forward based RADclock synchronization algorithm, it ensures that the clocks in...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Data Quality Tags and Decision-Making: A Cognitive Process Tracing Study
December 4, 2009, 12:00am PST
It has been suggested that metadata describing Data Quality (DQ), termed DQ tags, be made available in situations where decision-makers are unfamiliar with the data context, for example, in data...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Continuous Intersection Joins Over Moving Objects
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
The continuous intersection join query is computationally expensive yet important for various applications on moving objects. No previous study has specifically addressed this query type. The...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Querying and Updating Treebanks: A Critical Survey and Requirements Analysis
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Language technology makes extensive use of hierarchically annotated text and speech data. These databases are stored in flat files and manipulated using corpus specific query tool or scripts....
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Querying Linguistic Annotations
November 27, 2008, 12:00am PST
Over the past decade, a variety of expressive linguistic query languages have been developed. The most scalable of these have been implemented on top of an existing database engine. However, with...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Querying Linguistic Trees
February 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
Large databases of linguistic annotations are used for testing linguistic hypotheses and for training language processing models. These linguistic annotations are often syntactic or prosodic in...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Knowledge And Network Heritage And Re-Internationalisation
August 18, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Re-internationalisation represents a research challenge for the internationalisation process and international entrepreneurship fields. Many companies withdraw from international operations, go...
Provided by University of Melbourne
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White Papers
Measuring Information Flow in Networks of Stochastic Processes
December 9, 2010, 12:00am PST
This paper addresses the problem of inferring circulation of information between nodes of a complex network. Observations at each node will be supposed to be realizations of stochastic processes....
Provided by University of Melbourne
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