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University of Michigan
(417 results)-
White Papers
Companies Show Clever Currency Moves
April 16, 2010, 12:00am PDT
There's always been a bit of a mystery in the currency markets as to whether it's possible to predict price changes. Unlike stocks and bonds, currencies generally move on macroeconomic - not...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
The Capital Structure Decisions Of New Firms
September 22, 2009, 12:00am PDT
This paper investigates the capital structure choices that firms make in their initial year of operation, using restricted-access data from the Kauffman Firm Survey. Contrary to many accounts of...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Innovate Now: Lean Times Can Be The Best Times
October 16, 2009, 12:00am PDT
To compensate for the sour economy and pullback on consumer spending, many companies are cutting costs like never before. But are they trimming fat or bone? It may sound counter-intuitive, but a...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Make Time For A Leadership Check-In
June 17, 2010, 12:00am PDT
To facilitate excellent performance, a regular progress check-in is critical to ensuring one's success and the success of one's team. Yet leaders rarely know how they are doing beyond the daily...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Tax Reform For Grown-Ups
March 26, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Two days after his re-election, President Bush announced that he intended to spend his political capital on an ambitious domestic agenda, topped by reforms of both Social Security and the federal...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Automakers Put The Pedal To The Metal
December 22, 2008, 12:00am PST
U.S. automakers worked hard to get a recent $17.4 billion loan from the Bush Administration, but now the real work begins, says the author, the Ford Motor Co. Clinical Professor of Business...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Tax Rebates Not A Quick Fix For The Economy
January 22, 2009, 12:00am PST
Using the U-M/Reuters Survey of Consumers, Slemrod and colleague Matthew Shapiro asked more than 2,500 Americans what they did with their 2008 federal income tax rebates, which accounted for more...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Valuing Toxic Assets: Will New Accounting Standards Help?
April 3, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Valuing asset securitizations always has been a difficult issue for the accounting profession. Now, with the recent collapse of the credit and financial markets, a new layer of complexity further...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Mapping Social Networks To Improve Product Quality
April 14, 2010, 12:00am PDT
When the phrase "Social network" comes to mind, people generally think about Facebook or Twitter. Volumes of academic studies have been written on this relatively new phenomenon. But engineers who...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
How Winning Leaders Make Great Calls
June 23, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Whether one is talking about U. S. presidents, chief executives, major league coaches, or wartime generals, leaders of all kinds are remembered for their best and worst judgment calls. In the face...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
The People Paradox: Keys To Business Growth Inspire Little Confidence
October 23, 2007, 12:00am PDT
While business leaders recognize the importance of hiring the right people, providing adequate training, promoting teamwork and maintaining a positive organizational culture, few of them are...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Nearly Modular Structure Offers The Best Of Both Worlds
February 26, 2008, 12:00am PST
While modularity has gained popularity as an organizational and technical architecture in complex systems, its proponents have overlooked the down side, says a Ross School professor. Granted,...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Lessons For Tax Policy In The Great Recession
May 7, 2009, 12:00am PDT
While policymakers struggle with identifying and enacting the appropriate short-term policy response to the financial crisis and economic downturn of 2008, 2009, and perhaps beyond (henceforth...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Blogs Can Help Predict Product Sales
September 17, 2009, 12:00am PDT
While traditional advertising is still the main driver of product sales, blogging and other new media are fast becoming predictors of market outcomes. In a new study, "Marketing Activity,...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Shedding The New Venture Mystique
June 17, 2009, 12:00am PDT
With big companies shedding jobs in this recession, some former employees and unattached executives are exploring entrepreneurship. Those venturing there for the first time will find entrepreneurs...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Leading Innovation In The Real World
January 21, 2010, 12:00am PST
With corporate budgets tight and customers ever more demanding, C-level executives are looking for self-starting leaders with imagination - the kind of imagination that transcends expectations. In...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
The Fraying Of Free Trade
April 16, 2009, 12:00am PDT
With the world facing an economic downturn, populist appeals to limit foreign goods or investment are inevitable. While there have been some scattered protectionist moves and chatter, the G20...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Transforming HR to Create Value
July 16, 2010, 12:00am PDT
HR transformation has become all the rage as the function seeks to deliver value. But, heed the warning, transformation efforts that focus exclusively on improving HR are bound to fail. The point...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
A Static Analysis for Automatic Detection of Atomicity Violations in Java Programs
July 17, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Multithreaded programs can have subtle errors that result from undesired interleavings of concurrent threads. A common technique to prevent these errors is to ensure that certain blocks of code...
Provided by Regents of the University of Michigan
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White Papers
Solely EP Based Orbit Control System on Small GEO Satellite
September 20, 2007, 12:00am PDT
SGEO offers a highly flexible and modular geostationary platform, able to accommodate a wide range of payloads in the range of 300 kg and 3 kW. SGEO is the first Western satellite relying solely...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
A Business Ethics Perspective On Sarbanes-Oxley And The Organizational Sentencing Guidelines
June 27, 2007, 12:00am PDT
This paper assesses the ability of Sarbanes-Oxley and other recent changes in the law and stock exchange listing requirements to reduce the incidence of fraud and to increase the reporting of...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Design of SMS Commanded-and-Controlled and P2P-Structured Mobile Botnets
March 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
Botnets have become one of the most serious security threats to the Internet and PC users and applications. Although botnets have not yet caused major outbreaks in mobile networks, with the...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Eliminating Redundant Custom Formats (or How to Really Take Advantage of PROC SQL, PROC CATALOG, and the DATA Step)
March 19, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Custom formats are invaluable to the SAS programmer. Their functionality provides for much more than simply a mechanism for explicitly labeling values in a data set. There can be, however, a major...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Drive-Thru: Fast, Accurate Evaluation of Storage Power Management
January 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
Running traces of realistic user activity is an important step in evaluating storage power management. Unfortunately, existing methodologies that replay traces as fast as possible on a live system...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Guidelines for Handling Fragile Materials for Purposes of Data Recovery
July 31, 2007, 12:00am PDT
The Data-PASS Partnership anticipates acquiring data in various forms, conditions and on a variety of media. The following outlines a series of guidelines or 'Best Practices' by which to approach...
Provided by University of Michigan
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A Cost-Efficient Approach to Wireless Sensor Network Design
December 27, 2007, 12:00am PST
This paper presents a general flexible approach for the design of wireless sensor network under the random deployment mechanism. The cost of sensing and communications is incorporated into the...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
A Highly Resilient Routing Algorithm for FaultTolerant NoCs
January 21, 2009, 12:00am PST
Current trends in technology scaling foreshadow worsening transistor reliability as well as greater numbers of transistors in each system. The combination of these factors will soon make long-term...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Distance Education in a Cost Accounting Course: Instruction, Interaction, and Multiple Measures of Learning Outcomes
July 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Distance education in its various forms has proven that it is here to stay. These delivery forms include courses that are completely online, those that include a few in-class meetings while...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Regulation Of The Financial Services Industry: Whose Money Is At Risk?
March 9, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Expanding diversity in the workplace is often seen as a good way to inject fresh ideas into an otherwise stagnant environment, and incorporating new perspectives can help members tackle problems...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Reducing Poverty Through Employment
September 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
In today's financial geography, Wall Street intersects Main Street. When it comes to sound bites, politicians recognize that ordinary Americans feel the effects of plummeting financial markets in...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Regulate Microcredit To Protect Borrowers
September 1, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The author's investigate gender differences in insider trading behavior of senior corporate executives in the U.S. between 1975 and 2008. It's found that, on average, both female and male...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Bargaining Power And Supply Base Diversification
December 1, 2009, 12:00am PST
Widespread poverty is an urgent challenge for the world. Creating opportunities for steady employment at reasonable wages is the best way to take people out of poverty. Reducing poverty through...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Social Entrepreneurship: Beyond The Hype
February 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
Private for-profit companies are playing an ever-larger role in the microcredit industry. The volatile combination of profit seeking companies, minimal competition, and vulnerable, ill-informed,...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Challenges In Marketing Socially Useful Goods To The Poor
February 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
The authors examine a supply base diversification problem faced by a buyer who periodically holds auctions to award short term supply contracts among a cohort of suppliers (i.e., the supply base)....
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Integrated Optimization Of Procurement, Processing And Trade Of Commodities In A Network Environment
April 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
In recent times there has been a growing dissatisfaction with both the market and the state as mechanisms to serve social needs, and to solve the interrelated social, economic and environmental...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Governance And Corruption Constraints: The Business Ethics Glass Ceiling In Middle East Corporate Governance
April 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Market based solutions to alleviate poverty have become increasingly popular in recent years. Unfortunately, there are very few examples of profitable businesses that market socially useful goods...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
TARP Investments: Financials And Politics
October 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors consider the integrated optimization problem of procurement, processing and trade of commodities over a network in a multiperiod setting. Motivated by the operations of a prominent...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Hybrid Organizations As Agents Of Positive Social Change: Bridging The For-Profit & Non-Profit Divide
October 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper argues for a model of a corruption constraint on organizational growth and development in the form of a business ethics glass ceiling. Although the problem of corruption's negative...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Divisional Managers And Internal Capital Markets
October 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The authors investigate the determinants of capital allocation to financial institutions under the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP). It's found that banks' political ties played a significant...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Using Proactive Law For Competitive Advantage
August 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper explores the distinctive characteristics of hybrid organizations; a new organizational form that expands the existing categories of organizations by bridging for the profit and...
Provided by University of Michigan (Ross)
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White Papers
Network Coding Aware Dynamic Subcarrier Assignment in OFDMA Based Wireless Networks
August 27, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) has been integrated into emerging broadband wireless systems such as the 802.16 wirelessMAN. A critical problem in OFDMA is to assign multiple...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Improving TCP Performance Over Wireless Networks With Collaborative Multi-Homed Mobile Hosts
April 11, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Multi-homed mobile hosts situated in physical proximity may spontaneously team up to run high-bandwidth applications by pooling their low Wireless Wide-Area Network (WWAN) bandwidths together for...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Price of Anarchy for Cognitive MAC Games
August 27, 2009, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors model and analyze the interactions between secondary users in a spectrum overlay cognitive system as a cognitive MAC game. In this game, each secondary user can sense...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Robust Target Localization From Binary Decisions in Wireless Sensor Networks
December 1, 2007, 12:00am PST
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is becoming an important tool in a variety of tasks, including monitoring and tracking of spatially occurring phenomena. These networks offer the capability of...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Analysis of Energy Consumption and Lifetime of Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
The paper examines the performance as well as energy consumption issues of a wireless sensor network providing periodic data from a sensing field to a remote receiver. The sensors are assumed to...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
The Use of Wireless Sensors in Geotechnical Field Applications
May 9, 2008, 12:00am PDT
This paper describes the potential of wireless sensing networks to improve geotechnical field monitoring and the use of wireless sensors in two on-going geotechnical research projects. Both...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
ShadowNet: A Platform for Rapid and Safe Network Evolution
April 23, 2009, 12:00am PDT
The ability to rapidly deploy new network services, service features and operational tools, without impacting existing services, is a significant challenge for all service providers. In this...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
KnowOps: Towards an Embedded Knowledge Base for Network Management and Operations
March 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
The domain knowledge required to manage and operate modern communications networks is still largely captured in human-readable documents. In this paper, the authors take the position that an...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
State Fiscal Policies And Transitory Income Fluctuations
May 2, 2011, 12:00am PDT
State and local expenditure and tax revenue respond less to the business cycle than do federal spending and revenue, thereby reducing the countercyclicality of total government expenditure and...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
The Global Financial Meltdown And Financial Regulation: Shirking And Learning - Canada In An International Context
December 23, 2009, 12:00am PST
The overarching mission of prudential regulators of financial services is "To preserve a safe and sound financial system." This is a widely accepted yet simple and straightforward objective. The...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
The Impact Of Competitive Intensity On The Profitability Of Investments And Future Stock Returns
February 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
In this paper, the authors investigate how management's perception of their competitive environment is related to the firm's future profitability and future stock returns. Financial statement...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
A New Finance Capitalism? Mutual Funds And Ownership Re-Concentration In The United States
April 8, 2008, 12:00am PDT
American households have vastly increased their participation in equity markets since the early 1980s, primarily through the purchase of shares in mutual funds. The resulting growth in assets...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
The Effects Of The Economic Crisis On The Older Population
March 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
The financial crisis that unfolded so rapidly in the latter part of 2008 developed into a recession that stands out from other recessions of the post-World War II era in several important ways....
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Mortgage Contract Decisions And Mortgage Distress: Family And Financial Life-cycle Factors
September 1, 2010, 12:00am PDT
The U.S. economy experienced a dramatic rise in the price of owner occupied housing during 1999-2007, and then a precipitous decline from 2007 through 2009. In this paper, the authors utilize data...
Provided by University of Michigan
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The Effects Of The Financial Crisis On The Well?]Being Of Older Americans: Evidence From The Cognitive Economics Study
September 29, 2010, 12:00am PDT
This paper uses the Cognitive Economics Study (CogEcon) to assess the effect of the financial crisis on the well-being of older Americans. Financial wealth fell by about 15 percent for the median...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
How Prior Military Experience Influences The Future Militarized Behavior Of Leaders
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
This paper joins a growing number of studies that are moving beyond the question of simply whether leaders matter for international politics to examine the scope conditions under which leaders...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Is Economic Growth Associated With Reduction In Child Undernutrition In India?
March 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
Economic growth is widely perceived as a major policy instrument in reducing childhood undernutrition in India. The authors assessed the association between changes in state per capita income and...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Attack-Tolerant Distributed Sensing for Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks
September 8, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Accurate sensing of the spectrum condition is of crucial importance to the mitigation of the spectrum scarcity problem in Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) networks. Specifically, distributed sensing...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
An Optimal Sensing Framework Based on Spatial RSS-Profile in Cognitive Radio Networks
May 4, 2009, 12:00am PDT
In Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs), regulatory bodies, such as the FCC, enforce an extremely demanding detectability requirement to protect primary users' communications, which can hardly be...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Cognitive Radios for Dynamic Spectrum Access: From Concept to Reality
December 1, 2010, 12:00am PST
This paper provides a comprehensive survey of cognitive radio technology, focusing on its application to dynamic spectrum access, especially from the perspective of realizing consumer-oriented CR...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
On Sensing - Access Tradeoff in Cognitive Radio Networks
January 30, 2010, 12:00am PST
In Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs), the design of an optimal spectrum sensing scheme is an important problem that has recently been drawing consideration attention. Various sensing-related...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Spatio-Temporal Fusion for Small-Scale Primary Detection in Cognitive Radio Networks
December 21, 2009, 12:00am PST
In Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs), detecting small-scale primary devices - such as Wireless Microphones (WMs) - is a challenging, but very important, problem that has not yet been addressed well....
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Chorus: Collision Resolution for Efficient Wireless Broadcast
December 23, 2009, 12:00am PST
Traditional wireless broadcast protocols rely heavily on the 802.11-based CSMA/CA model, which avoids interference and collision by conservatively scheduling transmissions. While CSMA/CA is...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Robust Cooperative Sensing Via State Estimation in Cognitive Radio Networks
February 25, 2011, 12:00am PST
Cooperative sensing, a key enabling technology for dynamic spectrum access, is vulnerable to various sensing targeted attacks, such as the primary user emulation or spectrum sensing data...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Wi-Fi 2.0: Price and Quality Competitions of Duopoly Cognitive Radio Wireless Service Providers With Time-Varying Spectrum Availability
February 9, 2011, 12:00am PST
The WhiteSpaces (WS) in the legacy spectrum provide new opportunities for the future Wi-Fi-like Internet access, often called Wi-Fi 2.0, since service quality can be greatly enhanced thanks to the...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Opportunistic Spectrum Access for Mobile Cognitive Radios
January 15, 2011, 12:00am PST
Abstract - Cognitive Radios (CRs) can mitigate the impending spectrum scarcity problem by utilizing their capability of accessing licensed spectrum bands opportunistically. While most existing...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Access Point Selection Under Emerging Wireless Technologies
June 15, 2011, 12:00am PDT
Users of wireless networks increasingly face a choice among multiple available access points. Clients generally make this decision with limited information about the access points or traffic...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Automated Construction of Fast and Accurate System-Level Models for Wireless Sensor Networks
February 9, 2011, 12:00am PST
Rapidly and accurately estimating the impact of design decisions on performance metrics is critical to both the manual and automated design of wireless sensor networks. Estimating system-level...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Supporting Africa's Post-Crisis Growth: The Role Of Macroeconomic Policies
January 1, 2011, 12:00am PST
The objective of this paper is to discuss macroeconomic policies that would help African countries, especially the low income countries, reach strong, sustained and shared growth in the...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Fast Discovery of Spectrum Opportunities in Cognitive Radio Networks
August 19, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The authors address the problem of rapidly discovering spectrum opportunities for seamless service provisioning for Secondary Users (SUs) in Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs). Specifically, they...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Distributed Resource Allocation Based on Queue Balancing in Multi-Hop Cognitive Radio Networks
August 28, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Cognitive radio allows unlicensed users to access the licensed spectrum opportunistically to enhance the spectrum utilization efficiency. In this paper, the problem of allocating resources...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Automating Configuration Troubleshooting With Dynamic Information Flow Analysis
September 20, 2010, 12:00am PDT
Software misconfigurations are time-consuming and enormously frustrating to troubleshoot. In this paper, the authors show that dynamic information flow analysis helps solve these problems by...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
An Optimal Transmission Strategy for IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs: Stochastic Control Approach
April 4, 2008, 12:00am PDT
The family of IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standards supports multiple transmission rates in the PHYsical layer (PHY). This multi-rate capability offers a viable means of coping...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Application-Layer Intrusion Detection in MANETs
September 14, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Security has become important to Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) due mainly to their use for many mission- and life-critical applications. However, the broadcast nature of inter-node...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Recognizing Human Actions by Attributes
April 5, 2011, 12:00am PDT
In this paper, the authors explore the idea of using high-level se-mantic concepts, also called attributes, to represent human actions from videos and argue that attributes enable the construction...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Defeating Vanish With Low-Cost Sybil Attacks Against Large DHTs
September 18, 2009, 12:00am PDT
Researchers at the University of Washington recently proposed Vanish, a system for creating messages that automatically "Self-destruct" after a period of time. Vanish works by encrypting each...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Assessment of Student Performance in an Internet-Based Multimedia Classroom
April 23, 2008, 12:00am PDT
Much research has been devoted to the study of exclusively distance-learning paradigms for teaching various technological subjects, yet many students have not been satisfied with existing distance...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
TALE: A Tool for Approximate Large Graph Matching
November 26, 2007, 12:00am PST
Large graph datasets are common in many emerging database applications, and most notably in large-scale scientific applications. To fully exploit the wealth of information encoded in graphs,...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Provenance and the Price of Identity
May 23, 2008, 12:00am PDT
As developers acknowledge that provenance is essential, more and more datasets are attempting to keep provenance records describing how they were created. Some of these datasets are constructed...
Provided by University of Michigan
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White Papers
Performance and Availability Tradeoffs in Replicated File Systems
October 8, 2007, 12:00am PDT
Replication is a key technique for improving fault tolerance. Replication can also improve application performance under some circumstances, but can have the opposite effect under others. In this...
Provided by University of Michigan
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