A Battery Aware Distributed Clustering and Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

The objective of improving energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a primary design requirement given the limited energy available in the battery powered sensor nodes. In this paper, a battery aware distributed clustering and routing protocol is proposed for the maximization of the network lifetime. The proposed protocol incorporates the state of the battery's remaining charge and health parameters in computing the charge utility metric at each cluster formation round. The performance of the proposed protocol is assessed via analysis and simulations and the gains are quantified using common energy related metrics.