A New Energy Efficient and Scalable Multicasting Algorithm for Hierarchical Networks

In this paper a routing algorithm is proposed that would divide the entire network area is into different subareas known as zone. Each zone will contain set of nodes. The Zone follows a square topology. Efficient Geographic Multicast Protocol (EGMP) supports scalable and reliable multicast forwarding through a two-tier virtual zone-based structure. At the lower layer, in reference to a pre-determined virtual origin, the nodes in the network self-organize themselves into a set of zones and a leader is elected in a zone to manage the local group membership. At the upper layer, the leader serves as a representative for its zone used for inter zone routing.