A Study on Prolong the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network by Congestion Avoidance Techniques

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a large network of resource-constrained sensor nodes with multiple preset functions, such as sensing, processing and communication capabilities which are densely deployed in a region in order to accomplish different application objectives. Depending on the application, the large amount of correlated synchronized impulses of data sends to a small number of nodes. This high generation of data packets is usually uncontrolled and results in network congestion. Network congestion leads to packet drops at the buffers, and requires retransmission, increases energy dissipation rates of sensor nodes, and degrade channel quality.