A Survey of Wireless Sensor Networks Technology

Wireless Sensor Networks were first used in military missions. They are currently deployed in a wide range of civil applications as a sensor is becoming smaller and production costs are smaller. The main drawback is the energy constraint as it seems impractical to change or recharge the battery. Several applications require an end-to-end reliable data transport with congestion control to achieve an intended performance, especially during heavy traffic. This paper provides a survey of wireless sensor networks technology. Several research works including sensor network applications, components, reliable transport protocols, and congestion control schemes are summarised and compared in different sections.