Adaptive Partial-Matching Steganography for Voice Over IP Using Triple M Sequences

Although steganographic transparency and steganographic bandwidth are believed to be two conflicting objectives in the design of steganographic systems, it is possible and necessary to strike an optimal balance between them. This paper presents an adaptive partial-matching steganography for Voice over IP (VoIP). The authors introduce the notion of Partial Similarity Value (PSV) to evaluate the partial matching between covers and secret messages. By properly setting a low threshold of PSV and a high threshold of PSV, they can adaptively balance steganographic transparency and bandwidth. Moreover, they employ triple m sequences to eliminate the correlation among secret messages, guide the adaptive embedding process, and encrypt synchronization signaling patterns.