Demand-Based Innovation Policy

Innovation policy has become tremendously differentiated. This is to some extent a consequence of a more systematic understanding of the innovation process as described in innovation system approaches, which has led to a broad understanding of functions of innovation systems and related policies to support these functions. Strikingly, although the approaches of the national innovation system originate partly in the inclusion of potential users, and although the literature on national innovation systems includes the users of new knowledge and the customers for innovations, the demand side has long been neglected.