Energy Optimized Path Unaware Layered Routing Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks

Finding an optimal routing path in adverse underwater environment in an UnderWater Sensor Network (UWSN) has always been a challenging task. By taking these issues into consideration the authors propose an Energy optimized Path Unaware Layered Routing Protocol (E-PULRP) for dense underwater 3D sensor networks. An up-link transmission is considered, where a set of underwater sensor nodes report events to the stationary sink node. E-PURLP consists of two phases. In the first phase (layering phase), a layering structure is presented which is a set of concentric spheres, around a sink node. In the second phase (communication phase), they propose a method to choose intermediate relay nodes and on the fly routing algorithm for packet delivery from source node to sink node across the identified relay nodes.