Frequency Estimation Using Multiple Disjoint Pilot Blocks in Burst-Mode Communications

A practical data-aided frequency estimator, suitable for use in burst-mode communications, is described and analyzed. The estimator is based on pilot symbols organized into disjoint blocks embedded in the burst, and it is a generalization of the autocorrelation frequency estimation technique. The generalizations are needed to account for the spacings between the pilot blocks. It is shown that the frequency estimator exhibits good accuracy while maintaining useful operating ranges. Mismatches in the transmitter and receiver oscillators and Doppler shifts cause carrier frequency offsets in wireless communications systems.