Improved LEACH Routing Communication Protocol for a Wireless Sensor Network

A WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) consists of thousands of sensor nodes with limited energy, memory, and computation capability. The classical hierarchical protocols such as LEACH and LEACH-C have better performance in saving the energy consumption. However, the choosing formula neglecting the change of nodes' energy will make the nodes acting as cluster heads too many times die early owing to the consumption of too much energy. Also, the high frequency of reclustering wastes certain amount of energy. In order to make the energy distribute more evenly among different nodes, the authors improve the tradition equation used for selecting cluster heads with considering the dynamic change of nodes' energy.