Power-Aware Scheduling of Virtual Machines in DVFS-Enabled Clusters

Modern high-end computing can provide high performance computing solutions for scientific and engineering applications. However, today's high performance computers consume tremendous amounts of energy. For example, a 360-Tflops supercomputer (such as IBM Blue Gene/L) with conventional processors requires 20 MW to operate, which is approximately equal to the sum of 22,000 US households power consumption. Furthermore, it is estimated that servers consume 0.5 percent of the world's total electricity usage, which if current demand continues, is projected to quadruple by 2020. Unfortunately, the computing system temperature may increase rapidly due to inefficient cooling equipments.