The Insights of DV-Based Localization Algorithms in the Wireless Sensor Networks With Duty-Cycled and Radio Irregular Sensors

Location information of nodes is the basis for many applications in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). However, most previous localization methods make the unrealistic assumption: all nodes in WSN are always awake and the radio range of nodes is an ideal circle. This overlooks the common scenario that sensor nodes are duty-cycled to save energy and the radio range of nodes is irregular. In this paper, the authors revisit the Distance-Vector-based (DV-based) positioning algorithms, particularly, Hop-Count-Ratio based Localization (HCRL) algorithm and investigate the following problems: how is the relationship between the number of sleeping neighbor sensor nodes and the localization accuracy and how is the relationship between the degree of irregularity (DOI, which is a parameter of radio range irregularity) and the localization accuracy.