Virtual-Coordinate-Based Delivery-Guaranteed Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks With Unidirectional Links

A wireless sensor network has unidirectional links because sensors can have different transmission ranges, sensors have unstable transmission ranges, and a hidden terminal problem exists. In this paper, the authors introduce a virtual coordinate assignment protocol (ABVCapUni) to assign virtual coordinates to nodes that have no geographic information in wireless sensor networks with unidirectional links, and they propose a routing protocol based on the ABVCap_Uni virtual coordinates. The routing protocol guarantees packet delivery without computation and storage of global topology features in a discrete domain.