In this paper, the authors present a simulation of multipath Rayleigh fading and Recian fading channel. They have used Matlab software for simulation. Simulation was carried out for two different sample rate 20kb/s and 500kb/s. This simulation process uses five path propagation models. The data is modulated, encoded and transmitted through a frequency selective and ...

The verification of handwritten signatures is one of the oldest and the most popular authentication methods all around the world. As technology improved, different ways of comparing and analyzing signatures become more and more sophisticated. Since the early seventies, people have been exploring how computers can fully take over the task of signature verification and ...

Security is required to transmit confidential information over the network. Security is also demanding in wide range of applications. Cryptographic algorithms play a vital role in providing the data security against malicious attacks. RSA algorithm is extensively used in the popular implementations of Public Key Infrastructures (PKI). In asymmetric key cryptography, also called public key ...

With the increasing use of embedded devices in the people daily life, security threats have also been increasing in a proportional rate. However, ensuring security in the embedded systems has become a great challenge not only for the embedded device experts but also for the manufacturers. The problem especially arises because of the limited hardware ...

Quantum dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is an emerging, promising alternative to CMOS technology that performs its task by encoding binary information on electronic charge configuration of a cell. All circuit based on QCA has an advantages of high speed, high parallel processing, high integrity and low power consumption. Reversible logic gates are the leading part ...

Due to fast advancement in wireless communication technology, use of small size antenna has rapidly increased. Not only has the size of the antenna had its cost, performance, eased of installation everything have been taken care while designing the antenna. To meet this entire requirement micro-strip antenna is proposed. Now-a-days, micro-strip antennas are used in ...

There are multiple solutions in which line current is sinusoidal. In addition, in the recent years, a great number of circuits have been proposed with non-sinusoidal line current. In this paper, a review of the most interesting solutions for single phase and low power applications is carried out. They are classified attending to the line ...

SCD type 2 will store the entire history in the dimension table. In SCD type 2 effective date, the dimension table will have start-date and end-date as the fields. If the end-date is null, then it indicates the current row. Know more about Slowly Changing Dimensions (SCDs) concepts. The new incoming record (changed/modified data set) ...