SQL injection is a form of attack that takes advantage of applications that generate SQL queries using user-supplied data without first checking or pre-processing it to verify that it is valid. The objective is to deceive the database system into running malicious code that will reveal sensitive information or otherwise compromise the server. By modifying ...

The C language by far is the most popular programming language. C originated at Bell Labs while writing the first UNIX operating system for a DEC PDP-7 computer with only 8K bytes of memory by the researcher. C not just serves as an operating system language but all other programming languages are derived directly or ...

Wireless sensor networks are dependent on signal sending and receiving; the system will not be able to function if communications between sensors are not established. In this paper, the use of sub-networks in randomly distributed nodes converts the network from a random distribution to an organized one and saves operation time and energy per node. ...

Burgeoning demand for broadband services such as database queries, video-on-demand, remote education, telemedicine home shopping and videoconferencing has pushed the existing networks to their limits. This demand has mainly fueled by the brisk proliferation of personal computers together with the exceptional increases in their storage capacity and processing capabilities and the widespread availability of the ...

This Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) is a set of wireless mobile nodes dynamically form spontaneous network which works without centralized administration. Due to this characteristic, there are some challenges that protocol designers and network developers are faced with. These challenges include routing, service and frequently topology changes. Therefore, routing discovery and maintenance are critical ...

The significance of MANET is its dynamically varying topology; the nodes are predictable to be power-aware due to the bandwidth controlled network. Alternative problem in such networks is safety or security. The proposed system introduces a Distributed Dynamic Source Routing (D-DSR) protocol to secure the network effectively which can inhibit the attacker from copying response ...

A novel hybrid protocol comprising of greedy and reactive mode with stable path is proposed and simulation results are shown. The authors’ protocol overcomes the problem of loops encountered in GPSR by adopting reactive approach with stable link. This is made possible by selecting forwarding nodes with stable links and also the control overhead is ...

The comprehensive survey on various routing protocols supporting data-aggregation algorithms in WSN is studied. The main focus of all the existing algorithm is on optimizes them based on the vital parameter. It includes energy conservation, improving the network lifetime and reducing the data latency. In this paper, the key features with its merits and challenges ...

In this paper, the energy efficient LANDMARK selection process for Energy LANdMark Ad hoc Routing (E-LANMAR) routing protocol in group mobility is presented. The proposed scheme in group mobility gives better performance in throughput and packet delivery ratio in moderate networks size. Since the need of frequent cluster head (LANDMARK) selection process is not required ...

In this paper, the authors analyzed that the Millimeter wave Mobile Broadband (MMB) system for 5G mobile communication provides higher bandwidth. The propagation characteristics of the millimeter wave has been simulated and analyzed. Through system simulations it is shown that the basic MMB system employing Multiple Input and Multiple Output-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple access (MIMO-OFDM) ...