What Are the Best Strategies for Optimizing Android Mobile App Performance

Hi TechRepublic community,
I’m currently working on an Android mobile application and want to improve performance specifically for users who run older or low-end devices with limited RAM and processing power. What are the most effective techniques or tools for optimizing app performance, reducing APK size, minimizing lag, and improving loading speed without sacrificing user experience?

I would appreciate recommendations on:

Best profiling tools for identifying performance bottlenecks

Techniques for efficient memory and asset management

Recommended architecture patterns (MVVM, Clean Architecture, etc.)

Reducing app startup time and background process load

Any insights or real-world examples would be really helpful.
Thanks!