It depends on the version you are commenting on. Any Windows OS before XP, I personally believe can be thought of as a GUI for DOS. But as time goes, Microsoft is doing more and more to phase out the DOS command prompt. Some purist, like myself, still use it from time to time out of pure comfort. We are use to it, comfortable with it, therefore we still use it.
So, to answer your question, both your teachers are right. It a question of perception, I think. I personally think that Windows stopped being a GUI for Dos at XP and on. Some can disagree.
Of course, Microsoft says that Windows is an OS, not a GUI.
TCB