Oracle will run on most if not all Linux distros, IF you can get it installed. "Supported" means that Oracle has tested the distro and will help (support) you if you have problems. Try it on anything else and the company will not even try to help you with any problems, installation or operational. Forums like this one will be some help of course.
Read the Oracle docs very carefully to be sure that you have acceptable versions of all required libraries installed and in the right places, environment and kernel parameters set, etc., then see what tasks runInstaller performs and write an install script in the scripting language of your choice.
You could also try fooling runInstaller by fooling around with /proc/version I've never tried it but it should work.