How do freelancers build websites nowadays?

Hello to you first post on the site !!!
I want to start freelance and I have questions about site development

1) How does freelancers create web sites nowadays, I know they create a lot of site so they use wordpress, framework or pure php? What are the technologies used in general?

2) when should i use php framework, cms or, pure php for website creation and how much are each technique paid ?

3) how to do the design of a site knowing that I am rather a backend developer so I am struggling to make a “beautiful” website? Do you have any tips or tutorials to improve myself?

4) how can I set my rates?