Technology Coordinator

Why would a networked computer be able to hit the Intenet ONLY if a IP
address is typed in and NOT be able to hit the Internet if an actual web
domain name is typed in?

For example: I can hit 24.190.143.146:8181 and come to a certain site
BUT
I cannot type in www.google.com without getting an error that I am not
connected to the Internet.

What Network settings may cause this strange occurance?