Performance is always a subjective issue. I would like clarification on what you view performance as in what application usage, but I'll give you my personal opinion.
1. you probably won't see any significant performance gains going from a XP 1800 to an XP2000. you probably will see some performance gains if you go from PC2100 DDR to PC2700 DDR and if you've got 512MB adding an additional 512MB will give you some performance gains.
Graphics cards are very very subjective. Depends on whatyou plan on using your computer for. I know some who use 4MB PCI graphics cards that do 800X600 res on their servers [no need for an expensive card there when all your doing is checking the event viewer and using the command line]. I know some who play online games and swear by the $400.00 ATI Radeon 9700 card. [another $200.00 and they could get a NVidia Quadro card that people who create CG characters with Maya 4.5 for movies like LOTR use].
Then there is NVidia and the new FX cards. Newegg.com has a Gainward Geforce FX 5200 128MB DDR memory graphics card for $99.00. Not the high end FX card like the 5800 Ultra that costs $500.00, but it can utilize the Vertex shader and Pixel shaders ver 2.0 and support Open GL 1.4. If you've got a Geforce 4 Ti4600, that FX 5200 card performs at or a little less. The FX 5800 Ultra performs about what a ATI Radeon9700 [at least what everyone who uses Mad Onion 3DMark 2003 graphics benchmarking says]. Grahpics cards also have a reliability factor tofactor in on overall performance. If your computer constantly has graphics card driver related issues, where's the performance gain if you get a blazing card. ATI has poor marks for their drivers and if you check forums about their cards everyone gripes about that issue. NVidia doesn't so their cards work without a lot of trouble.