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Islam is evil, terrorism is its logical consequence

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Dear Editor:

After the terrorist attacks of September 11, President Bush declared: "These acts of violence against innocents violate the fundamental tenets of the Islamic faith."

But the Muslim murderer of Dutch filmmaker Theo van Gogh knows better than our president, and recently explained in court: "I acted purely in the name of my religion." So did the September 11 highjackers and the terrorists that bombed Madrid and London.

Consider the Koran, for example, which Muslims believe is the word of Allah revealed to Muhammad, his prophet. There is no shortage of passages in the Koran that, taken literally, demand just that kind of savagery (e.g., "And slay them wherever you catch them . . . and fight with them until there is no persecution, and religion should be only for Allah.").

In fact, no fewer than 36 different verses sprinkled throughout the Koran call on Muslims to wage war against non-Muslims (e.g., "Fight and slay the Pagans wherever you find them, and seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in every stratagem of war.").

It is easy to see how Muslim fanatics who believe that these verses are the literal truth feel justified in their evil actions. They hear in these verses the demanding voice of Allah calling on them to act. And they seem willing to oblige.

If we want to understand the enemy and win this war, we must take these terrorists at their word and stop pretending that, in President Bush's characterization, "Islam is peace."

The truth is that "Islam" does not mean peace, as President Bush and many others would like to believe. Literally and existentially, "Islam" means surrender. Surrender to Allah--by the word or by the sword.

David Holcberg
Ayn Rand Institute

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153 replies

by stress junkie

... that a religion was used as an excuse and a justification for murder.

If we look at the Jewish scriptures we see in the book of Exodus that Joshua killed a lot of people for his god. The city of Jericho is only one of many examples that the Jews reportedly killed every living thing in a community. We can find in Deuteronomy the sentiment that anyone who isn't Jewish is evil. We find in Judges that the god of the Jews made Sampson become a trouble maker in order to cause a war between the Jews and the Philistines because it was time that the Jews put the Philistines in their place. Isreal under King Solomon was very empirialistic. Solomon expanded the size of Isreal by means of killing the citizens of the neighboring countries. The Jewish scriptures describe a history of centuries filled with Jews killing their neighbors in the name of their god. The scriptures say that this is what their god wanted them to do.

The Christian scriptures do not call people to do violence. Just the opposite. That didn't stop the Christian churches from instigating numerous programs of genocide on foreign peoples and programs geared to purge heretics from among their own ranks in Europe. This kind of thinking continued from 312 A.D. to the 20th century. The Inquisitions killed a huge percentage of people in Europe. Many of those people were Jews. The Spanish killed millions of people in the New World in order to expand the Spanish empire and to convert the peoples of the New World to Christianity. About the time that the Spanish finished doing this Americans had already spent a hundred years doing the same thing in North America. Canadians also treated the native Americans in the same way. Both Americans and Canadians masacred native peoples in the name of manifest destiny which happened to fit well with their version of Christian theology.

The militant Muslims are not in the majority. Political sources that I've heard say that the fundamentalist Muslims do not win political elections. They appear to be a minority of the population.

Attempting to paint all of the members of a large group with the same brush is usually inaccurate. Exceptions would be groups like the Ku Klux Klan or Neo Nazis, but those groups are relatively small anyway. Large groups always have a diverse membership. That's just human nature.

It doesn't make any sense to condemn all Muslims for the actions of a few.

by oz_media

total condemnation of a religoin basedon the actions of few is ridiculous and ignorant. Considering the muslim population of the world, there would have been terrorists killing others by the millions if that were the case.

The Muslim religion is one of peace. Radicals have translated the Koran into meaning many things, one is to rid the world of inferiors. The same has happened to Christianity, and most other religions too, as noted above.

But you're right, on ecannot condemn everyone based on the actions of a few. Which is why I am also very adamant that althoug I hate American policy and government, even SOME people, this does not make me Anti-American or even that I don't like 'Americans' as a whole.

But as many see 'some' as meaning 'all', this is a constant issue brought up here.

by absolutely

I broadly condemn stupid ideas, not peoples. Islam is evil, Muslims are victims. Even the 19 hijackers died as victims to basically the same stupid premise responsible for the bloody history you described, stress junkie. That premise is much more broadly inclusive than "the god of Abraham", "monotheism", or even "deism". It's the idea Immanuel Kant used as the basis of [i]Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals[/i]: duty. In history, duty has been to one or more deities, a notorious kultur, to the proletariat, and to countless monarchs and chiefs, but in every case its effect [i]and purpose[/i] is to dehumanize the ruled for the despicable convenience of the rulers who turn the masses into serfs, sacrificial lambs or bullet-catchers.

If fundamentalist Muslims have not won many elections, it is only because they have not permitted many. And extremist politicians have made moderates nervous recently in Morocco. But more to the point, theocratic dictators do not [i]need[/i] to win any elections when the populace passively, even grudgingly, accepts rule by divine right. Whether they believe the superstition or just fear the tyranny doesn't matter. What matters is that the ideology is evil in its effects, and it's the duty of life-loving intellectuals, especially atheists, to determine and publicly identify the philosophical root of that evil, to describe the difference between fine clothing and the emperor's nakedness, so to speak, in such a way that the next 19 hoodwinked hijackers can easily understand.

And I didn't say nor imply that this was the [i]first time[/i] that a religion was used to incite mass murder. It's more important to ensure that it's the last time. You were starting to make a good point when you mentioned other religions, but you lost your way when you became an apologist for Islam. The correct conclusion to draw from the bloody history of religion is that every religion has the same propensity to incite evil: people who are otherwise honest, but accept that faith is a valid means of knowing reality, can thereafter be made to "believe" [i]anything[/i], and to accept with complete, unquestioning belief that what they are doing is [i]morally correct[/i], so long as it derives from the object of their faith, or, since that has never existed, its accepted spokesperson.

I have the impression that the majority of the members of the KKK and of neo-nazi groups have never personally participated in a lynching or any other form of racist violence, [i]exactly like most Muslims have never piloted a passenger airline into a skyscraper[/i]. That absolves none of the members of any of those groups from knowingly providing moral sanction to the [i]equally[/i] evil members of their groups who hold identical beliefs, but also have the courage of their convictions to act out the evil that all in those groups condone.

Have you forgotten the middle-aged Muslim woman on TV, dancing in the street with the Muslim children, [i]celebrating[/i] the destruction of the World Trade Center? A culture that moves people to that behavior should be opposed at its root, on its fundamental premises, not treated as an equal to civilized cultures.

It [i]does[/i] make sense to condemn [i]ideas and beliefs[/i] whose consequence in action is the slaughter of innocent, good people. In the case of Al Qaeda, murder is committed with the explicitly stated purpose of keeping western civilization -- with all the good that its technology could provide to real people -- away from Muslim nations, in order to protect a culture -- fundamentalist Islam -- that I think we both agree is unwanted by most of the people who are forced to live in it. [i]If they had the chance to vote on it, and their votes mattered,[/i] they would not have chosen the Taliban, the Sauds, or the Ayatollah. Islam did not offer them that option. Islam only told them "Submit! It is your duty to submit!"

by black panther

I condemn the actions myself but where is the understanding or misunderstanding coming from??

Where is the proof that islam is evil? You could say christianity is evil as you may be able to interpret passages as evil in the bible!

Why can 2 different people study islam and one of them want to kill and the other not???

Islam has over 1 billion followers -- what percentage have interpreted islam evil? or ignorant of good?

**see bottom answer?? **

Is their hatred out of ignorance??

One may say that evil does not exist for subjective man at all, that there exist only different conceptions of good. Nobody ever does anything deliberately in the interests of evil, for the sake of evil. Everybody acts in the interests of good, as he understands it. But everybody understands it in a different way. Consequently men drown, slay, and kill one another in the interests of good." - Gurdjieff

Evil (ignorance) is like a shadow. It has no real substance of its own, it is simply a lack of light. You cannot cause a shadow to disappear by trying to fight it, stamp on it, by railing against it, or any other form of emotional or physical resistance. In order to cause a shadow to disappear, you must shine light on it." - Shakti Gawain

If "evil" is really ignorance, the people such as Bin Laden should be considered retarded.

by john.a.wills

why do you keep on quoting Objectivist tracts? Objectivism and Secular (in)humanism are two quite different religions.

by jdclyde

genicide of all muslims?

Or do you try to reason with the majority that do not "have the courage of their convictions to act out the evil"?

Yes, I know you can not reason with the fundamentalist. The extreme fundamentalists DO have to be shot like rabid dogs. It is the ONLY way to stop them.

Not all muslims believe they will get an orgy in heaven if they blow themselves up to kill the infidels. Many just want to raise their families and live in peace. (or at least that is what I have been lead to believe and will give them that opportunity).

by tknilans

You make some valid points here, but you seem to blame the religion for the actions of those who murder in religion's name. Have you ever thought that those who tell others that killing is what God wants them to do are really using selected quotes from their scriptures to convince others to do as they want? Is it the words in the scriptures that kill or the humans themselves? I believe that ANYONE who kills for ANY reason other than self preservation already had that ability/desire in them. Members of organizations like the KKK and the Skin Heads are people who have that wish/ability BEFORE they find the justification in scriptures. People look at the Bible (and have in the past) and attempt to impose it's meaning THEN with their current time/situation. I believe this is where they find the justification (religiously) to murder when in fact EVERY organized religion states murder is Taboo. The passages of the Bible speak of wars, many of which are fought on a spiritual plane. The context that God gave his followers to go out and fight wars against the non-believers were really him telling his followers to go out and tell "pagans" the "good news" but Christ himself told his disciples that "If a man will not have you, shake the dust from your feet and leave in peace, never to return". Christ himself was completely non-violent toward believers and non-believers alike. In the scriptures it speaks of the evil deeds of man being attributed to God's righteous war against evil and condemns them long before they happened. I know many Muslems who don't support this "Jihad" and who call the radicals "crazy". These are DEVOUT Muslems who pray something like 5 or 6 times a day, no matter where they are. As you stated, it is the leaders of a society (political or social) that coerce the WILLING to do their killing. But I don't believe that scriptures condone them, only those that promote them and those that carry them out willingly.

by roger99a

t is unfair to judge cultures of the past by current accepted standards. Until very recently the Right of Conquest was almost universally accepted by all. The peoples of the Americas accepted it as well and would no doubt have conquered Europe if they had had the means to do so.

Blaming war on religion is also wrong. Religion is a reflection of culture and is more an excuse than a cause for war. The Spanish would have conquered the Americas regardless of their religion because conquest was the best accepted method of securing the land and gold of the Incas. The Mongols were among the most religiosly tolerant people of their time, yet proved to be the most destructive and successful conquerers of any period in history.

If you want to put and end to war then remember this: Democraticat/Representative governments tend to avoid making war with each other. When people have a say in government and the freedom to have and keep personal property and profit from thier own labor they will almost always choose trade to conquest.

by stress junkie

My argument was intended to illustrate how people can use religion as an excuse to do violence. The fact that Europeans believed that they had a right to conquer anyone that they could defeat was separate from their religion but they managed to bundle religious overtones into it.

You make a good point that some American native cultures were belicose. The Iriquois tribe conquered their neighbors. Many tribes shifted between war and peaceful relations with each other over time.

Some American mistreatment of native peoples resulted from those natives siding with the British in the Revolutionary War. You can say that they bet on the wrong side and then they had to live with that mistake. I agree with that position. That doesn't account for everything that happened though.

The whole scope of relations between cultures in history is very complicated. I was trying to point out that in many cases in our own cultural history people have interpreted their religious beliefs to support their desire to make war. I didn't intend to make the clash of cultures sound simplistic. I was just interested in pointing out how one facet of our history is very similar to militant Islam today. I also wanted to point out that these phases of our cultural history lasted for centuries. In some situations we still use excuses which have some basis in religion to justify our own military actions.

In the end I wanted to say that the religion is not the reason that people make war. People may interpret their religion to justify their interest in making war. I also wanted to say that it is not intelligent to condemn all of the members of a large diverse group.

So we don't disagree. I just wanted to keep my post focused on a part of a larger and very complex issue.

by absolutely

First, it would be more accurate to say that until about a century ago, the likelihood of being conquered was universally acknowledged by all. Beginning with the first "War to End All Wars", the new killing technology changed the nature of war from something that happens in neat little rows on fields to something that destroys everything in its vicinity. That has had an effect on the general willingness to tolerate wars of conquest.

Second, I did not blame all war exclusively on religion. Yet "(b)laming war on religion" is not wrong. If religion is partly a reflection of culture, it is also, in equal part, a formative aspect of that culture. And in its role as an excuse for war, it [i]is[/i] a cause for war. How many fewer wars would have been fought, without that excuse? I believe that defense is the only valid scenario for the use of force, individually and collectively. I also think that civilized people must agree, by definition of the word civilized, yet belief systems based on non-corporeal and therefore unverifiable, undefinable quantities effectively give room to maneuver the facts to the warmongers of the world.

But that is not the most important point. What's most important is to keep to the original point: Islam, not religions of the past. If you read the Koran, you will see that in any dispute between a Muslim and anybody else, the Muslim can get away with what we would call murder. The "friendliness" to Jews and Christians is overstated. They are to be treated with only slightly more indulgence than any other infidel. But in the end, if we don't convert willingly, we are to be converted by the sword like any other non-Muslim filth. Islam is not a belief that values tolerance. Compare it to Christianity if you like, but don't skip the many verses exhorting Muslims to kill, and note the variety of situations in which killing is [i]required[/i] of Muslims. And don't forget to compare Muslim governments to ours. Human rights are an important humanizing factor. Their lack, and its effect, can be seen in many places in the world today without even reading any history.

Finally, I'm glad you mentioned representative government, because Islam also strictly prescribes theocracy, and cannot permit representative government in any sense other than representing the clerics. Only the Muslim "priesthood" is qualified to serve in an Islamic government.

by john.a.wills

Zionism, the most concentrated and long-lasting terrorist phenomenon in history, is its consequence. A far higher proportion of Rabbinical Jews support Zionism than of Muslims
Al Qa'ida and the like, and far more people have been killed by the Zionists on behalf of each Rabbinical Jew than have been killed by Al Qa'ida etc. on behalf of each Muslim, so Rabbinical Judaism must be more evil than Islam.

In fact I don't believe the above - I think that Rabbinical Judaism is truer than Islam - but I submit the argument to emphasize that simplistic explanationas will not do.

by absolutely

Whether your kill ratio is accurate or invented, I won't argue in favor of Rabbinical Judaism or any other religion. It would be damning praise to congratulate any belief system for managing to be just barely less vicious than Islam. All religions, by their definition, place the standard of value in a nonexistent being and/or realm, with the result that morality is taught as something harmful to people, and an inconvenience imposed by somebody else. That is evil. Objectivism is morality based on the human need for a systematic approach to life, built according to the nature of that need. That is good.

But since the total number of Rabbinical Jews is so much less than the total number of Muslims, and the total number of Rabbinical Jews who are active terrorists is less than the number of Al Qaeda members, the main topic remains Al Qaeda, and the [i]fact[/i] that Al Qaeda's goals and means of achieving them are consistent with the Qu'ran. According to that book, they do have the right to kill to defend their sacred lands. The Bible would tell America to turn the other cheek, hand over our shirt when robbed of our cloak, and forgive 70 times 7 times.

Objective fact, reason, and law derived from them are the only sources of intellectual and moral support for US claims to the oil in the Middle East. The basis of that claim is that the oil was first found by Americans and Britons, but their wells were nationalized after World War 2 by the despots of that region. Some "concession" was made "allowing" the US to buy back our own oil from Arabs instead of from fellow Americans, and Britons.

by john.a.wills

that the Zionists have picked on one nation to destroy, whereas Al Qa'ida has picked most of the world, including you and me. Every soldier in the Israeli forces is liable to be ordered to commit terrorist deeds, and these are almost a weekly occurrence, so there are probably more signed-up Zionist than Al Qa'ida terrorists, even when we include in Al Qa'ida a lot of similar groups.

by levannah44

Have you ever noticed how it's always the small fundamentalist groups in any religion that cause all the problems for the majority of members in the rest of the group? The majority who, everywhere, just want to live quietly and keep a low profile, while all the time a few misfits run amok and create mayhem?

I've already explained that 'rabbinical Jews' ceased to exist not long after the destruction of Jerusalem (and the Temple) by the Romans in 70CE, so if the meaning is being applied to today's fundamentalist Jews, I think it's quite wrong.

The 'changes' these young yeshivaniks see are completely confined to within Judaism, and have nothing whatsoever to do with the outside world. Yes, they are very much less than those adherents of Al Qaeda, and they rant for a totally different cause as well. But Israel will eventually disappear up its own fundamental orefice in the future -- a failed experiment of the 20th and 21st centuries.

The oil business, of course, is another matter. Of course it was discovered by Britons and Americans, because, at the time, following the fall of the Ottoman Empire, they had mandated out the middle east into a series of countries with artificial borders to suit their own ends.

Had the Ottoman Empire not fallen, it does remain pure conjecture, of course, whether they would have found and possessed that oil themselves. We'll never know, of course, but it would certainly have thrown a very different slant on the problems in the middle east today where oil is concerned!

It's still a very tenuous excuse (IMHO) for both the US and the Brits to be walking roughshod all over the middle east now trying to impose something the populations don't really want, just so they can get their hands on what they still believe is rightfully their's!

The two issues are really quite separate problems, but they've come together as a result of the way the US and the UK have since engineered things. And so, we sit back and wait. What, one asks, is going to happen once the oil runs out and we are forced to turn to alternate forms of energy?

Interesting scenario; pity I won't be around to see it.

by levannah44

We've crossed swords over this issue before, John, in Julian's various websites. Once again, it seems, you lack an understanding of exactly what a 'rabbinical Jew' is, so once again I'll try to enlighten you.

The rabbinical Jews were the descendants of the Pharisees, those who were trying to keep their flock from amalgamating with the Romans, in old Jerusalem.

After the fall of Jerusalem in 70CE, which began the Diaspora, Judaism as it had been practised was no more, because the Temple had been flattened and there was nothing left with which to carry on the (sacrificial & priestly) ritual.

In the following two or three hundred years after this destruction, it fell to these ex-Pharisees -- the rabbinical Jews -- to try and preserve some form of Judaism which would appeal to the now scattered population.

That they finally succeeded is evidenced by the fact that Judaism remains a strong, if small, force today, in spite of Hitler and any number of other evil leaders across the centuries.

At the time the rabbinical Jews were saving Judaism for the future, Christianity, the new 'religion on the block', was rising in strength and numbers, as was, a few centuries later, Islam.

Your view, therefore, of rabbinical Judaism somehow being connected to Zionism is completely baseless. Rabbinical Judaism died out with the last generation of those descendants of the old Pharasaic order, two or three centuries at most after the destruction of the Temple.

What replaced it became a more orthodox, even vibrant form of Judaism, which, against all the odds, continued to flourish in the face of almost insurmountable obstacles.

While retaining all the basic concepts put in place by these 'new' rabbis, Jewish communities, because they were so scattered now, became autonomous unto themselves. Many adopted the customs and practices of the local population, provided they didn't conflict with Jewish belief.

The founder of Zionism, Theodor Herzl, on the other hand, had little to do with rabbis. His vision of a 'new' Israel was political through and through, and had nothing to do with religion. What came later, as more religious Jews flocked to Israel, had nothing to do with Herzl.

Israel adopted the constitution it wanted for better or worse, so the fact that only 5% of the population (who are religious) run the other 95% who are totally secular is neither here nor there. It's Israel's problem; let them sort it out.

BTW, before you start pointing any accusatory fingers in my direction, I am a progressive Jew, which I hope is quite self-explanatory, I'm an Aussie first and a Jew second, and as for Zionism, I'm not in the least bit political. I look on Israel as somewhere I can go if ever I need to, but it's not my first choice of home if ever it came to the toss.

I would easily blend in with that 95% of secular Jews who make up the majority of the population, and I don't believe in God. Okay? And believe it or not, most Jews in the world today would probably admit to much the same 'beliefs' as I do. Orthodoxy, for all its colourfulness, is on the decline. We happen to live in the 21st century, not the first.

So, John, whatever your 'rabbinical Judaism' is, it actually died centuries ago. Describe it as you see it and I'll try and give you the real name for what you believe.

by john.a.wills

What I call Rabbinical Judaism is the whole continuing church descended from what you call Rabbinical Judaism; we may be disagreeing only about nomenclature. So long as you call yourself a Jew you are attaching yourself in some way to that church, even if you do not believe its doctrines - there are self-styled Catholics who never go to church, self-styled Muslims who eat bacon sandwiches (one shared one with me once...) and so forth, but their attachment to those who do believe and practise is what makes them Catholics or Muslims or, in your case, a Rabbinical Jew. Without the on-going church of practising believers there is no reference point for the non-practising non-believers.

by absolutely

I thought that by not capitalizing "humanist", combined with the context, made my meaning clear: human life is my standard of value. If you read the entire post you'll see that my intent is to discuss the evil inherent to Islam, not to say that Muslims (most of whom, as with every ancient religion, are indoctrinated before attaining the age of adulthood and personal choice) are inherently bad people. So the word humanist was meant in its general sense, "one who favors humans" -- in this case, one who favors humans over stupid ideas that send them to die for an ideology of hate.

by absolutely

First, I notice that you have not challenged the claim that Islam is evil and that terrorism is its logical consequence. But if the mention of Judaism, to which many on this forum are likely more sympathetic, is intended to undermine that claim, you will have to do better.

Islams collectivist, mysticist nature is to blame, and that trait is shared by all religions. Some of those religions discourage murder in their sacred texts (instead of including a handy litany of situations in which killing is required, as in the Koran), but all appeal to a non-corporeal authority as the ultimate standard, which, being non-corporeal, is frequently held to be "beyond" accountability to real people, even when real killing occurs. If other religions that share similar mysticist/collectivist premises have similar effects, or have historically, I exhibit no surprise. I did not post to compare Islam to other evil religions (pardon the redundancy), only to state that Al Qaeda practices a literal interpretation of Islam, not an interpretation that is at odds with the actual words of the Koran.

Second, I dispute your definition of "terrorist" that includes the organized military of a sovereign nation, Israel, which acts to defend its citizens from attack. Indiscriminate killing of peaceful civilians is the mark of Palestinian suicide bombers. The Israeli military does make incursions into Palestine, but they also target known terrorist havens, and do so very precisely. Innocent civilians do die in wars, but the difference between warfare and terrorism, according international law, is [i]targeting[/i] civilians. That is not what Israel does.

by john.a.wills

to read some blow-by-blow accounts. There are far more terrorist raids by the Israelis than by Palestinians, and far more people are killed and wounded by the Israelis, apart from the destruction of houses and farmland. The word "terrorism" was invented to characterize the behavior of the First French Republic, so it quite appropriate to use it to describe state activity.

by absolutely

Do you suggest particular sources? I have followed some of the periods of escalation closely, and have been led to very different conclusions than you, so I assume you have been consulting different sources.

I have never found an account of the facts of the events there to support the characterization that Israel's actions are morally comparable to those of Hamas, Hezbollah or Islamic Jihad, etc.

Suicide bombers target crowded commercial areas.

The Israeli military targets bomb-making operations and terrorist havens.

From what I've read and heard, the only meaningful application of the phrase "terrorist raids by the Israelis" is that Israeli forces conduct raids [i]against[/i] terrorists. It looks that way even in Europe, although when I've visited there, I've noticed the news accounts are more emphatic about the Palestinians who live next door to the terrorists who are raided. Still, I do not remember a single occurrence of an Israeli operation that was targeted on a purely civilian area.

There have been isolated cases that I know when Israeli military action was launched against a target that was not the terrorist they had supposed, and a case might be made that the Israeli military should be more careful. But getting a bad tip is much different than deliberatly detonating in the midst of busy, public streets, businesses and buses, which is where I see the Palestinian terrorists [i]targeting civilians[/i].

by john.a.wills

I suggest that Islam is less mystical than the other great religions. Islam has not had monks for centuries. Perhaps that is part of the problem.

by levannah44

What about the Sunnis? They are a far more mystical sect than the Shi'ites, for instance. Perhaps not 'mystical' in the way we would see it as, but definitely mystical, nonetheless.

And then there's that very strange branch of Islam known as the 'whirling dervishes'. Well, if that doesn't produce trance-like states, as in mysticism, then I'll sell out!

And what does having monks got to do with mysticism when it's at home? If you're implying that monks have the stranglehold on mysticism, then I think you'd better look more closely at both Christianity and Islam again.

All religions have their mystics -- and their mysticism too -- but not necessarily in ways that we may either recognise or understand it.

G

by absolutely

The fact that they do not all explode whenever they are near enough an infidel to take at least one of us with them supports your claim that "Not all muslims believe they will get an orgy in heaven if they blow themselves up to kill the infidels." But what such disbelief [i]requires[/i] is that they do not believe the Koran(!) which states very clearly that (1) six dozen virgins await good Muslim men, and (2) killing enemies of Islam is a [i]guarantee[/i] of Paradise. I don't care to quibble about how the Koran defines these enemies of Islam, there are too many separate passages that do, unequivocally, [i]require[/i] killing any who do not submit. The only way to hold a contrary belief is to disbelieve the Koran, as I do and as you probably do too, judging by the fact that you have a computer that is allowed to access sites outside of Muslim theocracies.

And before you leap again to the conclusion that I advocate genocide, look very closely at where I have used the word Muslim, which refers to people, and where I have used the word Islam, which refers to a lot of stupid ideas, beginning with one extraordinarily stupid book.

Before the rise of Islam, people in that part of the world were revered throughout the known world as scholars. Algebra was invented by an Egyptian, al-Jabr, for example, and if I remember correctly, the number zero was introduced to Europe from Persia or the vicinity. But once Islam began to dominate, every culture it touched began to stagnate, and there has been [i]no[/i] important contribution of original thought to [i]any[/i] scientific theory since! No theorectical discoveries and no useful technology, of any kind!

Islam is an evil belief that degrades everything good on Earth that makes human life pleasant, and even possible. [i]Only[/i] submission to Allah is valid in Islam, and human life is literally meaningless.

A difference stress junkie ignored, and which I failed to emphasize, is that people [i]choose[/i] to join the KKK, but if they're unlucky enough to be born in Iran, Saudi Arabia, etc, they are just subjects of Islamic dictatorship from birth to death, which will come much sooner if they express any preference to do other than submit to Islam. That is meant to address his and your concerns that I mean to call all [i]Muslims[/i] evil, which I do not. I mean to say that [i]Islam[/i], the stupid collection of dogma that offers people no option to do other than submit, is evil, [i]Muslims[/i] are first vitims of that evil, even those that eventually become terrorists.

It is not possible to effectively oppose an ideology while sharing its basic premises.

by roger99a

Islamic culture was quite vibrant and scholarly until the arrival of the Turks and Mongols, both foreign and non-arab people that conquered the arab nations. Everyone subjected to Turkish or Mongol rule came out a bit culturally retarded for it.

by absolutely

I'm going to do some checking, but I suspect I'll find that when Islam became prevalent, the focus of any scholarly activity that continued was shifted away from science, maths, art, or anything else I might find interesting or redeeming, in favor of transcribing the Koran.

I also know that Islam spread from Mecca and Medina by force across northern Africa, not by the Jehovah's Witness method. Wars of conquest divert everybody's resources away from productive enterprises.

by jdclyde

and agreed.

Just had to have a few issues clerified. Sometimes I will take things to an extreme level just to get people to think through the possible consiquences of their thoughts and beliefs. It really is amazing how many people done understand "Cause and Effect". If you do something, something else will happen. BUT the one isn't always the REASON the other happened.

Like addleminded people that try to say Bush is the reason terrorists hate the country. This has been going on for decades. (just after wwII aka Isral support)

by tony hopkinson

Holcberg is worthy of nothing but my total contempt.

In what way does garbage like this move us towards a resolution of the conflicts in our societies.

How does this ignorant pandering to bigotry help ?

In the past this guy would have been a Jesuit priest or a Nazi propganda officer at best.

Objective my ass.

Another lowlight in the human sewer called righteousness.

by absolutely

When you finish, I'd be interested in what specifically you believe is unobjective in the original article. I appreciate that the first reaction of a lot of good people to condemnation of any religion is to think of bigotry. That was my first reaction. But then I thought of what I know about Islam [i]as an ideology[/i], separate from my experience with individual Muslims, who I have every reason to believe are all not terrorists. I concluded that those people are decent despite their religion, not due in any part to the influence of the Koran.

I have read the Koran, and in fact killing for the faith [i]is[/i] repeated too many times for me to take seriously any claims that Islam is a peaceful faith. Peaceful Muslims are Muslims who do not take the Koran literally, or who just do not take it seriously, and there are evidently a lot. But a philosophy -- deist or atheist -- that can only be practiced peacefully by not really practicing it, or by ignoring its central theme, is an evil philosophy.

Whether murder is really the [i]central[/i] theme I'm not totally sure, but it's definitely first or second. Duty to the Muslim community, especially charity, is also often repeated in the Koran, maybe even more than 36 times, in which case that might be the "central" theme. I have no intention of counting. In either case, killing is encouraged in far too many situations for that book to be called anything other than a manifesto of murder.

by tony hopkinson

What good effect will insulting the core belief of billions of people have ?

How does this help ?

Who benefits ?

In insisting on a literal translation of the text (which presumably was translated from arabic) and not bearing in mind the original social context at the time it was written, you are as blind as those who use it to justify their atrocities.

If you had said Religion is Evil, no doubt we could have has yet another spirited discussion with contributions from IPirate and others but you didn't. The Koran and it's extreme followers today are no more and no less evil than the bible and it's extremists were 400 years ago.

I know you are not a theist, but on that basis alone to single out one religion for preaching intolerance suggests a lack of logic or a bias.

by oz_media

PErhaps you would find teh Islam Online portal interesting.
Now before you discount the source(s), this is a portal site. I have read some very fair accounts of the occupation as well as the Views From Iraq which are mainly negative, it most definitely represents BOTH sides of the issues fairly. It links to ALL news, letters, comments and information and not just negative views, however the site has become full of mroe and more negative views since I first started to visit it from time to time. ( I believe what had some TR peers calling me a terrorist for even reading it, lol).

If you've read the entire Qu'ran (a HUGE TOME musta been a big read) then you would have no problem reading through more than a few lines of topic names on this MASSIVE resource of Islamic viewpoints.

Please don't just read a line or two and when it becomes unfavorable just post back with flames, take some time to really relax your mind and just read what people say, both positive and negative. Take it for what you will, I take it all with a grain of salt myself, but it is still information from different eyes. And no more biased than our own news reports.

The left nav bar opens up the 'sub-sites' which have thier own nav on the right side of the page. It's a huge site, not just an Iraqi site.

They had the entire Qur'an online form this site with a Q&A afterwards, but I didn't find it this time around.

A view of terrorism from Iraq
http://www.islam-online.net/English/In_Depth/Iraq_Aftermath/2005/07/article_01.shtml

A different view of Iraq in transition, Crimes in Iraq
http://www.islam-online.net/English/In_Depth/Iraq_Aftermath/2005/05/article_01.shtml

The Qu'ran
http://www.islamonline.net/english/introducingislam/topic03.shtml

Frequently asked questions about Iraq
http://www.islam-online.net/english/In_Depth/Iraq_Aftermath/topic_15.shtml

Ask About Islam (Q.A Session with site visitors)
http://www.islamonline.net/askaboutislam/browse.asp?hTopicID=21

by av .

I don't think they represent all Muslims, just evil minds that use the Islamic faith for their own purposes. It is a strict religion, but I don't see the majority of Muslims going to extremes.

What I see is a group of killers that have found a way to justify their actions through religion to gain power.

I can't quote scriptures, but I can't condemn any religion because it can be interpreted in an evil way. If evil is in your heart, thats how you will interpret it.

To many, Islam is peace. We need to cultivate that and empower those people.

by jaqui

the difference between islam and christianity is very slight.
jesus was only a prophet in islam.

where in the christan bible, does it say it's okay to go out and kill everyone that doesn't beleive as you do?

when you find the passage, you will have done the impossible. ( it doesn't exist ) you will have shown the grounds for the last 2005 years of history, where christianity has force-fed itself on the rest of the world.

by oz_media

The crisades shoed an 'evil' interpretation of Christianity by those who saw a different motive of thier religious faith.

It certainly doesn't prove the mindset of a Christian though, Christianity is not an evil religion, but the extremists have shown it as such.

by roger99a

Islam is unique in seeing the world as two parts: the Abode of Islam and the Abode of War.

That being said, historically Moslems have been fairly tolerant of Christians and Jews, allowing them to keep their religion and lives at the price of an additional tax and limited liberties. They only became intolerant when the balance of power shifted and the European nations became militarily superior.

Also, this great struggle between the European and Middle Eastern cultures has been going on since the Hittites sacked Babylon. That's about 3500 years.

by black panther

I agree Tony..

I condemn the actions myself but where is the understanding or misunderstanding coming from??

Where is the proof that islam is evil? You could say christianity is evil as you may be able to interpret passages as evil in the bible!

Why can 2 different people study islam and one of them want to kill and the other not???

Islam has over 1 billion followers -- what percentage have interpreted islam evil? or ignorant of good?

**see bottom answer?? **

Is their hatred out of ignorance??

One may say that evil does not exist for subjective man at all, that there exist only different conceptions of good. Nobody ever does anything deliberately in the interests of evil, for the sake of evil. Everybody acts in the interests of good, as he understands it. But everybody understands it in a different way. Consequently men drown, slay, and kill one another in the interests of good." - Gurdjieff

Evil (ignorance) is like a shadow. It has no real substance of its own, it is simply a lack of light. You cannot cause a shadow to disappear by trying to fight it, stamp on it, by railing against it, or any other form of emotional or physical resistance. In order to cause a shadow to disappear, you must shine light on it." - Shakti Gawain

If "evil" is really ignorance, the people such as Bin Laden should be considered retarded.

by jdclyde

"no less evil than the bible and it's extremists were 400 years ago."

So because other religions went through a period of "evil", you will forgive another religion for doing it now? [b] It is their fair turn to be evil?

Anyone who follows history says to follow history so we don't repeat the same mistakes, not so we can justify evil behaviour because someone else did it before.

by absolutely

I've been too outraged by this sort of apologism for terrorism to form a coherent sentence.

"no less evil than the bible and it's extremists were 400 years ago."

I can only guess that the premise behind the statement above is that compassion, mercy, forgiveness and pity are [i]virtues[/i]. When I try to "understand terrorism" I think of logistics: how is it funded and executed, and most importantly how to stop it. Some people apparently want to "understand terrorism" in order to give it psychotherapy.

by jdclyde

Remember your mother asking if everyone else jumped off a bridge, would you too?

Just because people were nuts 400 years ago, does not excuse people from being nuts today.

Difference is, Islam never grew out of that violent stage.

As for being coherent, I have been following your logic just fine. It is people that don't LIKE the answer that don't want to understand the question.

by tony hopkinson

or their outright bigotry.
You want to understand terrorism, then you have to put yourself in the terrorist shoes.
Now I doubt either of us could get so far off base that we could 'understand' where a shit like Bin Laden comes from, but if you want a key factor in understanding where the poor dupes who carry out his planned atrocities.

Picture some zealot in a public forum saying
America is the great satan, they want to take away our faith and our freedom to choose it and impose their own values on us, backed up with quotes from their own dogma.

Sound familiar at all ?

by jdclyde

What is going on in someones wacked out mind that they would strap a bomb on their bodies and blow themselves up?

I am not accustom to dealing with the brainwashed, nor the menatally disturbed so I am unable to do this.

Terrists need to be exterminated, not understood. They are NOT rational people that will leave you alone if you try to be nice to them. The only thing you can do that will bring them joy is to die. Better them than me or mine.

by absolutely

And I distrust anybody who encourages any level of empathy. Understanding how they "think" is irrelevant. Their beliefs lead them to believe that suicide is a good idea. I don't need any other context, even killing the vilest enemy is worthless to if I don't have [i]some chance[/i] of surviving myself.

I'm not interested in understanding the individuals, not to forgive or to outfox them. My only goal in this is to present the thesis that there is a belief system, expressed in the Koran, that is immoral, and is the basis of terrorism. I'm sure there are alternative interpretations of the Koran, some of which are very peaceful, but I believe those interpretations require ignoring the repeated descriptions of violence as duty, in a stunning variety of hypothetical interactions with infidels.

The definition of Muslim as "one who submits (to the will of Allah)" is frequently said to apply to the other monotheistic religions, Judaism and Christianity. But in fact, respect for other believers [i]who do not accept Muhammad[/i] is very contentious.

by oz_media

Peope have defended what are arguably absurd political actions by referring to other people's history here quite often.

Eg. Some American peers have defended slavery as not being thier issue because it was brought upon them by England or the Dutch, despite the fact that it took YEARS for England to finally have the US abolish slavery after they had done so themselves.

SO while history can be leaned upon (which I disagree with completely) to justify modern day actions, in the same sense it can be leaned upon to condemn them too.

Though I too agree that History is something for us to reflect upon and use as a guide to not repeat unfavorable actions. It's not justification of modern day issues at all. We are supposed to evolve not repeat our mistakes.

I agree with you jd, but I have to say, what's good for the goose is ood for the gander. This has been defended as a relevant reference on TR, then it must be in this case, whether right or wrong I suppose.

by jdclyde

I don't know how I missed that in history lessons?

Please provide more information as this is litterally the first time I have EVER heard that.

NOTE, being from the North, we didn't have slavery. It was just people down South like jck! ;\

Two wrongs don't make a right. But at the same time, you have to be careful about one person doing something without a second thought, but if someone you don't like does the same thing it is a big deal? A matter of holding people to a concistant stance is different than justifying behavior. And a matter of a year or two is also different than 400.

How about we hold people accountable for their actions NOW based on what is right and wrong NOW? While I feel no need to pay "reperations" to relatives of former slaves, I promise to never own a slave myself or condone anyone anywhere doing such. (yes, we still hear of it going on today)

by tony hopkinson

I mentioned neither forgiveness nor some appeal to justification for any extremist atrocity or belief.
Just because I don't think it's right to make statements that exacerbate religious tensions, outright helping the b'stards we are all meant to be against, doesn't mean I'm some liberal pinko twit.

If we are going to polarise the debate though it should be people with a social conscience vs those without not Islam vs the world.

by jdclyde

in the first place if not to lessen the blame for people that are doing something wrong today because someone else did something wrong 400 years ago?

Didn't intend to imply anything about being a "liberal pinko twit", because that is not a nice thing to say about anyone! Talk about insulting someone! :D

My point was and is, don't bring up past wrongs unless you are going to use it as an example of bad behavior that will not be tolerated, not to diminsh the severity of the current bad behaviour.

Is that clearer without it being a personal attack on you tony?

by oz_media

Whilst England is blamed for the US slavery in many accounts raised here, the Britis abolished slavery in 1807, almost 60 years before America.

I too, strongly agree that we should not pass judgment based on history, but it is done on a regular basis here when it suits someone's personal agenda.

by jdclyde

If there is ANYONE to blame, it is the Africans that sold the people into slavery.

For drugs, who do we come down on harder, the person that buys a bag or the dealer that sells the bad?

Who do we come down on harder, the dealer selling that bag or the head of the operation that runs the whole operation?

You want to blame anyone for slavery in the US, take it right back to Africa.
[b]
But you did have me going there for a minute. I learned ol Abe freed the slaves and didn't ever hear about any Brit references. Thought maybe this was yet another shortcoming of my public education! ;\

by absolutely

Since you brought it up though, I do not believe that any religious text "proves" anything about anybody's mindset, and only says as much about its author as any other work of fiction.

I also have NEVER met anybody who is good BECAUSE of a religion. I've met some who are good and practice some religion, but they always have ideas of their own, and choose their religions according to their personal convictions, not vice versa. I picked my philosophy according my personal convictions, too, not my beliefs according to this philosophy.

Having a belief [i]structure[/i] of any kind is useful like any other hierarchy: it helps keep things organized.

Applying logic to the dogma of the Koran reveals a hierarchy of values that I find repugnant. That is the extent of my statement that Islam is evil and terrorism is its logical consequence. The literal words of the Koran mandate violence in defense of the faith, in some scenarios that clearly violate international laws regarding warfare. The Koran requires terrorism. If holy books of other religions are shown to make similar demands, I interpret that to mean that those religions are also evil, not that Islam is less evil.

by oz_media

I agree that religion is th eresult of interpretation. Afterall, if it wasn't for interpreters, we wouldn't even HAVE the bible as we know it today.

Interpretatoin by each individual is going to be based on perception of what is implied, especially when two or more words can be related to the same thing but have different meanings.

THis is another reason why while I do follow most Christian principals regarding good will to others, and i was born into the Church of England, I do not claim to have a specific religious belief or following. I don't subscribe to any individual interpretation, but the path I follow is in complaince with MANY religions.

by absolutely

"Interpretatoin by each individual is going to be based on perception of what is implied, especially when two or more words can be related to the same thing but have different meanings."

In my experience with homo sapiens, interpretation is made to fit the person's ideas, rather than people understanding the words of the Bible to have different meanings. Words all have literal meanings. Those meanings only get bent (yes, that was intentional!) by people who believe (1) that the Bible must be right (2) that they themselves are also right, therefore the meaning of the Bible must be [i]bent[/i] to fit their personal belief, which is not malleable. (Some of us find the conflicts between the Bible and our personal beliefs too essential and numerous and just heave the old paperweight!)

I do not believe that religions have much effect on personal beliefs, except to cause a lot of important conversations to refer to irrelevant myths, but that is an important effect. People's beliefs are shaped by personal experience and their intellectual approach to finding patterns in the world. The beliefs thus formed are just matched to holy quotes that fit as well as possible. And that brings us to the problem with the Koran, which is that somebody with a whim to kill can find validation for that whim at least as often as he finds prohibition, or even caution!

Evil. And the good people who are stuck in that culture, who would like to argue that killing is bad, get no help from the Koran, which is no help at all in making that argument. Holy books don't shape [i]personal[/i] beliefs, they govern the context of public discussions about any personal beliefs, and the quality of the holy book determines what sort of people are held to be paragons of virtue.

by jaqui

show me where it says it in the christian bible.
it is word for word the same as the koran.
the only difference is that islam does not see jesus as god, only as another prophet.

there is no part of the koran that advocates using terroism, that is a western PRESS myth.
the koran does say defend, against attackers, but not to use terrorism.

id islam is evil, then christianity is as evil, as the books are the same.

by absolutely

One difference between Christianity and Islam "is that islam does not see jesus as god, only as another prophet." It's not the only difference.

The Koran is also absent from Chritianity, with all of its situations in which killing to defend the faith is mandatory.

There are passages in the Koran that clearly limit the use of violence. The problem is that there are so many passages that encourage and even mandate violence, that after reading the entire book, one gets the impression that the faith [i]is[/i] under attack, and therefore must be defended, otherwise why tell the followers to "slay them until they believe" and the like, so many times and in so many different ways?

by bhunsinger

To condemn any medieval text becaus it violates treaties entered into 1000 years later is not logical or justified. To say that the standards have changed and that the followers of a faith must change those practices is entirely different.
Further the faith was under attack by Christianity and pagan when the book was written. That is normal.. see Thomas Paine's essays written during the American Revolution

by absolutely

Without knowing what treaty you reference, I am able to defend your claim of a flaw in my logic only be saying that the basis of my characterization is not a mutable, arbitrary belief, nor any treaty signed by anybody, at any time. The evil of Islam is not a development of the Industrial Age or any other era. It is the logical consequence of that religion's disregard for [i]the[/i] standard of moral values -- human life.

by oz_media

I am referring to a specific issue I saw where some researchers were looking into biblical translations, due to changes ni dialect used they could have interpreted th esame words as meaning, Jesus walked on water, or Jesus walked BESIDE water.

When you translate from one language to another ther ISN'T just on einterpretation as some words do not have an exact English equivalent but they can mean several things based on the context and the context is used to decide which one fits best.

Eg.(a STRANGE example) In Japanese, the word that is used to describe being horny can actually be interpreted as being 'itchy' in English as there is no direct translation, it could also mean antsy, edgy, or even a more recent 'pumped'. A little misleading to say the very least.

So one language's words CAN have several meanings, and th einterpretation of WHAT is being implied is up to the translator to decide, this woul dof course mean what HE want it to mean. Yet others follow this interpretation....'religiously'.

SO we actually do agree, translation has several factrs stopping it's accuracy. Double meanings that the interpreter has to choose between.

by john.a.wills

I have written an elaboration, but I do not want to incorporate essays, even fairly short ones, into TR's discussions. There are too many long entries already. But if you email me at home I will send you the elaboration.

by john.a.wills

is the Chronicle at the back of the Journal of Palestine Studies, with newspaper and news agency references. It seems to get all the IJ bombings, but in any given week there is more terrorism by the Israelis than by the combined Palestinians. The Nakba goes on.

by bhunsinger

As an example of how religious texts can be twisted to justify evil acts. This exonerates the texts not the acts. Sinc ethe opening of this thread was a condmnation of the text upon which islam is based, the statement in to the point.
My comparitive Theology Professor used to say that insight that there is one god (or whatever word you chose to use) is interpereted in light of the culture of the person who has the insight and founds the religion. He called it the Axial insight.
Whoever said it was right. Darknes is driven out by light. But, as imperfect humans, the best of us color that light, leaving shadow.

by bhunsinger

One example, the fifth commandment. the difference between "Thou shall not kill" and "Thou shall not murder" are enormous. Which translation, which word is the difference between a pacifist that will not shoot a man using a pitchfork to kill babies on one end and an executioner saying, "I don't care that what he did was spit on the sidewalk, the judge found him guilty and signed the death warrant."

As for your statement that holy books do not shape personal beliefs, I an flabbergasted at the not only the arrogance of that statement, but the way it discounts the personal statements of religious people. their journals and their teachings.

by bhunsinger

"The literal words of the Koran mandate violence in defense of the faith, in some scenarios that clearly violate international laws regarding warfare." Your quote. International laws regarding warfare are the result of treaties signed by countries to regulate warfare, such as the Geneva Convention. These treaties are the results of the last 100 years of European conflict. where the custom and tradition of the aristocrats captured in war finally trickled down to the common soldier.

by oz_media

Kell em all and let Allah sort 'em out?

That is the mantality that sees Western culture in such shock and horror when these terrorists take action.

NOBODY understands the enemy, nobody has any reasonable and definitive way of adressing the enemy, where they reside, WHY they terrorize people etc.

"One of the first requirements in any conflict is to know the enemy how he thinks, what he values, what his goals are. In the current war against Islamism, we in the West have done and are doing a poor job of understanding our enemy on his terms; rather, we have reduced his behavior to our own particular prejudices and categories. Indeed, our enemy has been much better at knowing where we come from and exploiting our cultural ideals and weaknesses than we have been in understanding his."

by absolutely

It truly is illogical to cite the Geneva Convention as the [i]basis[/i] of the claim that terrorism and the Koran, which requires it, are evil. I did not make it clear enough that mention of international law was only for the purpose of emphasis by way of context: even among nations, who assume that war will occur (otherwise the phrase "war crimes" would probably be redundant, or meaningless), minimum standards are set for treatment of prisoners and conduct of battles. Destroying places of commerce violate even those pragmatic rules, as well as the prohibition against murder.

"And fight them until persecution is no more, and religion is for Allah." (Koran, 2:193)

by oz_media

"until persecution is no more"

Persecution? By who's definition? All Islamists or just the radicals that have misinterpreted the message?

Do all those of Islam feel that they are being persecuted by...Christianity or western culture. I certainly don't think so, many move here and to other Christian focused countries in the world. Would they do this is they felt persecuted by Western civilization and culture?

by jdclyde

that they want.

All lands that have EVEN at any point in time must be reverted back to the muslims.

All non-muslims but be eradicated from those lands.

This includes the complete destruction of Israel, not a simple withdrawl.

by jdclyde

The bible tells you to go fourth making deciples of all nations, but leaves out the part of wiping out anyone and everyone that stands in your way.

You don't get promised an orgy in heaven in the bible for killing infadels.

Learn from the mistakes of others, not use that as an excuse for present day mistakes. Because we have seen this in the past, it should be looked down on HARDER every NEW time it comes up.

Bottom line, don't use religion as an excuse to kill people and don't excuse ANYONE else that does.

by jamesrl

Slavery was abolished in the Canadian colonies after the American revolution, as some slaves had been given freedom after fighting for England in the war.

But it wasn't long before slavery was abolished in the British Empire. In 1807, slave trading was abolished by Britain, and all slavery in the empire abolished in 1833.

The Royal Navy even ran a blockade of Africa to try and prevent any slave trading. This put a serious dent in the importation of slaves into the US.

So while many accuse Britain of supporting the South during the US civil war, its not that simple. Some merchants were eager to trade with the south, but officially no war materials were supposed to be sent. One ship that was sent to the south as a warship had to be smuggled out under the noses of the British government. And there was a strong anti-slavery sentiment in both Britain and Canada. Hundreds of thousands of Canadians joined the union forces, mostly over the issue of slavery.

James

by stpmds

when compared to other religions Islam is fairly new and young. It orignated in that part of the world where no civilization was existing. it was a desert with nomads, illiterates,and the rulers were not aware of any religion. people were living by natural laws and brute forces. during this period the europe and the rest of the world had experienced some kind of codified religion and this religion had passed through the harsh process of growing.

Islam when founded took into consideration the highly undeveloped world of the desert as its people to be reformed and some kind of discipline has to be brought in.

hence its teachings were aimed to bringing a surgical remedy to the rotten society.

christianity too had its brutality aginst people, who were not able to accept it. But the fast economic development that has taken place in the european countires has broght in a kind of tolerance, and made the severity get mellowed.
political governance has taken precedence to religios supremacy.

But for the oil wealth, the arab world has not seen any economic development and still many of its people are nomadic and brutal.

that is where the problem lies. what kind of development activities are going on in Afganistan,middle east and arab world. In spite of the oil money in what way the common man in Southy Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, etc., is better off economically.

why they were not able to have a social security system as in sweaden,Finland, Denmark etc.

once the poverty, illiteracy are removed from these islamic countries, terrorism will also go away.

by beads

The area you speak of had a vibrant Jewish population from what I understand. Though there were pockets of brutality and unjustness the whole area (Arabia, Persia, et. al.) was hardly the Hellish place your describing.

God took Muhammad to 'The Rock' to ascend to the heavens. Also known as the temple on the mount. Happens to be in Jerluselum. Another lawless, uncivilized place of decadence as well. Hmmmm...

The area you speak of was between two small cities, niether of which comes to mind but the rest of Arabia and surrounding areas actually had some impressive 'Universities', culture and trade.

As I said when I was in Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Qatar and Yemen: From a brutal land comes a brutal people. Meaning that in order to survive you have to adapt to your surroundings. Take that forward a couple of hundred generations and you see what it does to a culture. Islam has to be brutal because it was spawned in a brutally tough environment.

Not to single out the Middle-East (mezzo-oriental) but the same can be said for Northern Russia. Another group of darned tough minded people.

- beads

by absolutely

I distracted from the important point. I don't care if you want to claim that you got your values from the bible. I don't believe you. I think you fit your interpretation of whatever scripture you choose to your own [b]personal[/b] beliefs, but neither of us has any proof, so I'm happiest to drop that disagreement. No good can come of arguing things nobody can prove.

The point that is [b]important[/b] to me to make is that the nature of any culture's belief system dictates the parameters of debates about values within that culture. A culture that advocates killing for faith is doomed, and likely to take many members of other cultures with it.

Call that arrogance all you want. If you're truly flabbergasted, I'd recommend against reading any of my other posts, they might provoke any cardiovascular issues you have.

by hs_

A lot of the discussion focusses on particular verses in the Quran to do with killing 'non-believers'. To point those verses in isolation and then deduce that this is an evil creed, requiring it's adherents to kill, is to fall into the same delusion that some so-called
muslims have done. One has to read the Quran (like any historical scripture ) contextually. Some verses are universal and apply to all Humans at all times, others are targeted at particular individuals around give events, and others somewhere in-between. A muslim's main prime directive from the Quran is to uphold the sanctity of human life - each life is precious and contains a "'spirit' from God". Killing innocent people is a criminal act carried out by evil human beings - there is NO justification. Islam calls for the safety and security of all human beings (muslim or not !) and protection from exploitation & oppression. This applies equally to Eskimo communities threatened by drilling in Alaska as it does to a starving child in Africa, Washington or China.

Tragically, in this age of 'consumable' sound-bites, vast tracts of our fellow human beings don't have the time or inclination to think beyond the slogans fed to them , whether it be from the parliament, the pulpit or the press.

by jdclyde

non-believers are not recognised as humans, thus are expendable with no regards or regrets.

by hs_

.. but not quite sure where you get that from.

As a practicing muslim, I wish nothing but well-being for you and the rest of humanity.

In the muslim perspective (evolution .v. creation debate for discussion elsewhere - I'm sharing perspective), all human beings are descended from the same mother and father (Adam & Eve), therefore all humanity is the same family. What differentiates one person from another is their "Reality conciousness" - meaning knowing themselves and the universe around us - leading to the promotion of good (liberty, justice, truth, integrity, charity ... etc.) and the prohibition of evil (lying, oppression, exploitation .. etc. We are taught that the best of us is the one with the best character.

I grieve for every murdered innocent, whether an American or Iraqi or anything else. Each human loss is a loss from my family.

So I invite you to stop banding about slogans and instead lets understand and share our common humanity.

by absolutely

"Some verses (of the Koran) are universal and apply to all Humans at all times"?

Unequivocally, not a word of that applies to me. If any of my premises are consistent with the Koran, that is coincidence, not agreement with that, or any other, faith. The very claim of universality of [b]faith[/b] is evil, and common to [b]any[/b] belief of a universal religion.

by generalist

Sometimes I wonder if Randite extremists know how to think for themselves.

While I love her stuff, and have leatherbound copies of 'Atlas Shrugged' and 'The Fountainhead' that I read every year, I consider myself to be an independent thinker who observes human behavior and makes my own decisions based on objective facts.

Personally I feel that the problem with Islam, Christianity, Libertarians, Ultra-Capitalists, Socialists and other belief systems, is the extremists who feel that THEY are correct and that everything THEY do in the name of their belief systems is right. When this is expressed in violence, people that are not extremists take notice. They also take notice when there are major ethical violations like the Enron scandal and modern day 'slave' labor.

The examples provided from the Quran are what Islamic extremists use to justify their actions. The fortunes made, and lost, by certain Enron employees are that Ultra-Capitalist extremists use to justify their actions.

In either instance, the extremists are the ones that cause the problems.

by hs_

One can take any narrative selectively out of context, and use it to justify our own warped actions. We have a tendency to 'read' according to our own paradigm. We make God in our own image !

by absolutely

I do not compromise with evil. Call that decision extreme if you like. I call it consistency to a principle, the nature of which you must know if you read both [i]The Fountainhead[/i] & [i]Atlas Shrugged[/i] every year.

My claim that Islam is evil -- I would have been more accurate to say that the Koran is evil -- is based on what you have noticed about it:

"The examples provided from the Quran are what Islamic extremists use to justify their actions."

The fraud committed by Enron was only possible because of the business situation created by government regulation, not an "Ultra-Capitalist" philosophy. With regulation as the status quo, I will concede that its removal was executed badly, but not with the suggestion that laissez-faire capitalism is the source of that problem. Enron's near-monopoly was given it by government regulation. Its dominance in the energy market in my region was the result of a coercive monopoly, not a competitive one.

I believe it's better to be extreme in allegiance to reality and rational principles than to compromise with reality and fantasy.

In Atlas shrugged, and in our present welfare state, one group of extremists is enabled by producers who are willing to compromise. I hope that in reality, as in that novel, another group of extremists describe the moral issues clearly enough to make it clear that the compromise itself gives to evil extremists the property of good, productive extremists.

by generalist

Personally I wouldn't say that Islam is inherently evil nor would I claim the same for the Quran.

I will, however, say that the interpretation of the Quran by various groups can be evil if that interpretation results in violence, death and/or loss of freedom.

The same can be said for the Bible and, most likely, many other holy books.

While they may be the word of 'God', they are edited and interpreted by humans.

by hal 9000

Do not remember what happened yesterday let alone a year ago so this thinking is quite all right to them. ;)

It's normal and expected so events like 9-11 are remembered and even the recent bombings in London but these same people will forget that Christians under the guise of Liberating Ireland from British control where doing this under the Roman Catholic Banner for many years previously.

Terror only started on 9-11 to these people, nothing at all bad happened before that. :)

While some may have some vague concept of what happened to London during WW11 this is now just a vague concept that wasn't quite as bad as has been portrayed and the attack upon a city in Japan 60 years ago was necessary and ended the War in the Pacific they will accept this without accepting the utter devastation and ongoing death toll from that one single incident.

The problem is not the religious beliefs of these people but when you run into fundamentalists of any description you do have a problem. :)

Col ]:)

by oz_media

Your acceptance and understanding that humans are humans is very well said.

I have met, played with and become good friends with more muslims than I can count. They have been THE most peacful and respectful people I have EVER known. In fact I find them FAR more peaceful and humane than most Christians I've met, not to place one religion above another, but to shed reality on what we consider wholesome peace.

I have nver met a Muslim that believes that Christians are infidels, my best friend's dad (when I was younger) was a musician in a Muslim church and was the kindest and most 'at peace' man I had met at that time, an ex-girfriend (that I would have married in a heartbeat) was the daughter of an Ismaeli Muslim priest. I went to her mosque with her and met MANY practicing Muslims. Not ONE ever looked down upon me for NOT following thier religion or following Christianity (not that I am a practicing Christian but was born into and Christened under The Church of England), in fact MY religion was never discussed, they were just warm, welcoming and VERY VERY hospitible. Nobody ever mentioned what I should believe, nobody ever preached to me, yet many were happy to answer various questions I had about teh religion and offer biblical stories, much as we would tell the stories of Noah or Moses. Nobody tried to influence my beliefs though, it was just open arms that welcomed me to learn IF I chose to learn or take interest.

So the common THEORY that ALL Muslims follow a book based on hatred is absolute horse s**t. It's just something people say when they don't understand, they don't know any better and they reach what they consider a logical conclusion.

Again though, pure crap.

Just as there were radical Christians there are radicals in any religion that act purely on someone else's warped interpretation of the writings and rules of thier religion.

This is not the 'face' of the religion in any way, it's closer to the other end I think.

by beads

The orgy in heaven with 23 'beautiful virgins' and the stamina of 30 young men was an edict passed down by a Mullah about 400 years ago and has been perverted ever since. It was a dream that 'God' told him to apolstize (sp) to the people of Islam.

Yeah, give me 30 5 year old boys for 15 years in an isolated 'religous school setting' and I'll turn out 30 ready to die, on command, 'soldiers of God, to stop the evil space aliens who look, well, just like you. Or any group of people you wish. No problem. The techniques are easy to learn and put into susceptable young minds. Theres no difference in the above hypothetical and what has happened in Wahabbiism in Saudi Arabia. Save the fact that Saudi Arabia is running out of young men to commit suicide against the 'Great Satan', America. Now, the its the Iraqi's turn. After that perhaps Iran, though the fundementalist regiem there is softening a bit as the young idealist are more interested in capitalism than the Ayatollahs of thier fathers.

And I can agree with JD here that most Muslims wish to raise there families and lead peacefull lives much like Jews and Christians. Though there will be militants in any of those camps as well.

Where are the militant Zen Buddists, anyways? Thought I invited them too!

Had a very long conversation about Iraq this morning with someone in the office, here. Just reminds me from personal introspection how awfull War really is to endure. Its something that you never fully recover from, I'm afraid. So it makes me even more remorse that so many people want to race into it. Why, oh why?

- beads

by sleepin'dawg

[b]Until the West asserts its moral right to exist, we will not be safe from Islamic totalitarianism.[/b]

By Yaron Brook and Onkar Ghate
[b][i](Op-ed from the Ayn Rand Institute)[/i][/b]

In the aftermath of the bombings in London, Prime Minister Tony Blair has asked the British people to remain calm and maintain their daily routines; the terrorists win, he says, if one gives in to fear. This, you may remember, was also George W. Bush's response after Sept. 11, when he called on Americans to return to our shopping malls and not be afraid.

But we should be afraid--precisely because of Blair's and Bush's policies.

We face an enemy, Islamic totalitarianism, committed to our deaths. Its agents have shown an eagerness to kill indiscriminately in London, Madrid, New York and elsewhere, even at the cost of their own lives. They continually seek chemical and nuclear weapons; imagine the death toll if such devices had been used in London's subway bombings. In the face of this mounting threat, what is our response?

Do we proudly proclaim our unconditional right to exist? Do we resolutely affirm to eradicate power base after power base of the Islamic totalitarians, until they drop their arms, and foreign governments and civilian populations no longer have the nerve to support them?

No. Blair's response to the London bombings, with Bush and the other members of the G8 by his side, was, in meaning if not in explicit statement, to apologize and do penance for our existence.

Somehow we in the West and not the Palestinians--with their rejection of the freedoms attainable in Israel and their embrace of thugs and killers--are responsible for their degradation. Thus, we must help build them up by supplying the terrorist-sponsoring Palestinian Authority with billions in aid. And somehow we in the West and not the Africans--with their decades of tribal, collectivist and anticapitalist ideas--are responsible for their poverty. Thus we must lift them out of their plight with $50 billion in aid. This, Blair claims, will help us "triumph over terrorism."

The campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq might be considered exceptions to this orgy of penance, but that would be an error. In neither war was the aim to smash the enemy. Unlike in WWII, when the Allies would flatten cities to achieve victory, the American and British armies, by explicit order, tiptoed in the Middle East. Terrorists and insurgents went free, free to return to kill our young men, because we subordinated the lives of our soldiers to concern for the enemy's well-being and civilian casualties. Our goal was not victory but, as Bush so often tells us, to bestow with our soldiers' blood an unearned gift on these people, "freedom" and "democracy," with the hope that they would then stop killing us.

According to Blair, our duty is to shower the globe with money. According to Bush, our duty is to shower the globe with "democracy." Taken together, the meaning of their foreign policy is clear. The West has no moral right to exist, because it is productive, prosperous and free; materially and spiritually, with its money and its soldiers' lives, the West must buy permission to exist from the rest of the world. But the rest of the world has an unquestionable right to exist, because it is unproductive, poor and unfree.

Until we in the West reject this monstrous moral premise, we will never have cause to feel safe.

What we desperately need is a leader who proclaims that the rational ideals of the West, reason, science, individual rights and capitalism, are good--that we have a moral right to exist for our own sake--that we don't owe the rest of the world anything--and that we should be admired and emulated for our virtues and accomplishments, not denounced. This leader would then demonstrate, in word and deed, that if those opposed to these ideals take up arms against us, they will be crushed.

Support for totalitarian Islam will wither only when the Islamic world is convinced that the West will fight--and fight aggressively. As long as the insurgents continue with their brutal acts in Iraq, unharmed by the mightiest military force in human history, as long as the citizens of London return to "normal" lives with subways exploding all around them, as long as the West continues to negotiate with Iran on nuclear weapons--as long as the West continues to appease its enemies, because it believes it has no moral right to destroy them, totalitarian Islam is emboldened.

It is the West's moral weakness that feeds terrorism and brings it fresh recruits. It is the prospect of success against the West, fueled by the West's apologetic response, that allows totalitarian Islam to thrive.

Bush has said repeatedly, in unguarded moments, that this war is un-winnable. By his foreign policy, it is. But if the British and American people gain the self-esteem to assert our moral right to exist--with everything this entails--victory will be ours.

[i]The above was from an op-ed piece from the Ayn Rand Institute and presents a viewpoint with which I happen to agree. These people must be held accountable for their acts and the point must be driven home to them in no uncertain terms.[/i]

[b]Dawg[/b] ]:)

by jdclyde

If you go back to my previous posts, I have been clear to state that it is the extremists in the islamic faith that are the ones who are a global threat as well as anyone who makes excuses for them.

I just wish religions were not so easy to hijack. Yes, other religions have gone through their share of violence and evil but that does not excuse any current evil that is done today in the name of religion. By seeing what has been done in the name of religion in the past should make us better prepared to prevent this from happening ever again, not to point at what happened 400 years ago and make excuses for the murder in London or the MANY attacks on the US in the last 25 years. (not just 9/11).

If more people believed like you do, then there would be less tolerance of terrorism, providing less places for them to hide, train, and recruit.

If my statement was not correct, how do you justifying the recent murders in London? I would be interested to hear your point of view.

by levannah44

The word 'Islam', meaning submit or submissive, isn't the correct word to use here, Absolutely. Yes, I'm aware you've taken this definition from the Ayn Rand Institute, along with sleepin'dawg, which actually means that they are the culprits.

Islam, however, is the religion followed by the majority of Muslims in the world, and is not inherently evil, just as its followers are not either.

Islamic totalitarianism, on the other hand, is correct, however, or, to shorten it to today's practice, Islamists. They are an evil minority of Islam, and tend to interpret their version of Islam extremely narrowly, and often totally at odds with the true meaning of their faith.

While I must admit to a certain ignorance of what we, the 'west', should be doing to end this terrorism (i.e. as outlined by dawg), I do feel sure that whatever our reaction to events such as the London bombings, and all the other atrocities that have gone before, from September 11th until now, I do feel it's not up to us to impose our kind of democracy on a country (Iraq) which they obviously can't handle.

Sure, they'd like A democracy, but not our western version of it. What they want is to re-establish a 'golden age' of Islam, something along the lines of what it was when Islam first came into being.

The fact that this can't really be done, since it lacks, and will always do so, certain parameters that would actually turn it into that 'golden age', i.e. the Prophet himself and his family, this is for them to find out, not for us to tell.

Israel did much the same thing, back in 1948 when they adopted their constitution. They also wanted to re-create that 'golden' Biblical age now lost forever, but failed to realise that without other parameters being firmly in place, i.e., the conditions of the times, such a concept was doomed to failure.

The 'democracy' which exists in Israel, therefore, is not what I would call a western-style one, but whatever the consequences of the choices made in 1948 are today, it's for the Israelis to work out, not 'the west'.

Terrorism, including the extremely militant branch of Islam, the Islamists, which has arisen along with it, will only die out once the west butts out of these countries. If they (Muslims)make mistakes in their choices, so be it. Let THEM sort everything out, in whatever fashion they choose being up to them. Keep the west out of it.

We (in the west) have a certain standard of living, a set of values by which we try to live. Let's just keep to ourselves, without telling anyone else (outside the west) how to run their lives. Let them make their own mistakes. We shouldn't have to pick up the pieces after them all the time.

by absolutely

Note how many times it is repeated that infidels should be killed. Yes, I acknowledge that there are specific circumstances "required" by the Koran, but there are also a wide variety of "sins" an infidel might commit which would result in violence until the infidel acquiesces to the demands of Islam, or is to be killed. Couple that with the number of repetitions of calls to violence in the Koran, and evil is the only accurate word for that belief.

by levannah44

I've read the Qu'ran, and even have a copy of it. And, like the Bible before it, it can be interpreted in any number of ways. Some things in the Qu'ran appear to contradict other things; well, they don't 'appear' to, they actually do, except you won't get any Muslim agreeing with you!

Again, same as the Bible. A fundamentalist will never agree that the Bible actually contains 'mistakes', which it does. It's full of 'em!

And so too does the Qu'ran. Mohammed couldn't even write, for God's sake, and needed an army of secretaries to take down what he said all the time. That, in itself, would lead to any number of mistakes! And straight out contradictions!!

A Muslim friend once told me, with a very wry laugh, that only a 'very wise' Imam (meaning very learned) could ever interpret these instances properly. In short, interpretation should be left up to the situation at hand, not to those who only know the Qu'ran in half-meanings.

G

by absolutely

That is a point on which we will probably not agree, if you truly believe that there is a God to speak His Word. I don't believe that any book "may be the word of 'God'" because I don't believe that there may truly be God.

I singled out Islam among religions which I believe to be universally false, for (1) its role as the ideology claimed by the most disgusting bunch of thugs known to my generation & (2) for its incessant repetition of requirements to go to war in defense of the faith. My primary observation is that such repetition can only have the result in the real world -- among real people who turn to faith for guidance in the first place -- of leaving the impression that Allah likes war.

If you notice that the characterization above implies that all followers of any religion are weak-minded, you have understood me correctly. I believe that people who willingly practice any religion have necessarily either refused, or implicitly admitted inability, to think for themselves. I do not believe that reasoning is part of the religious experience nor compatible with it, so I do not expect that practitioners of Islam are likely to remember all the requirements and prohibitions that apply to warfare in the Koran. I simply have no faith in faith.

by absolutely

In the body of that post, I mean. Oh, you're trying to imply that I believe that no god exists, without evidence of that, right? Right, I've heard this one...

The way it works is this: assertion of existence requires support of evidence. Absent proof, or even sufficient evidence to entertain the possibility of a god (which is my case), belief in no god is mandated by logic and there is no leap of faith involved. In fact, I am Absolutely, certain that there is no god.

by absolutely

And that is as close as I come to faith.

I have taken you at your word many times on the historical development of religions and their original meanings. But here I have to completely disagree with you. I have never "noticed how it's always the small fundamentalist groups in any religion that cause all the problems for the majority of members in the rest of the group?" What I have noticed is that the majority of every religion is intellectually and morally lazy, and utter only a few meaningless words each year on the evil of the "extremists" of their faith, while never once considering that the purpose of a moral code is to be obeyed exactly, and if they are calling exact adherence to such a code evil, then they must logically conclude that the code itself is evil. Failure to do so is possible only as a result of extreme stupidity, or equally extreme evil.

by levannah44

I can see where you're coming from, Absolutely, and I don't deny what you're saying. I never said the 'silent' majority (of any religion) actually DID anything to relieve situations such as terrorism. Heavens no. That's why they're silent!

As for 'yeshivaniks'; sorry, I should have explained that. A 'yeshiva' is a special school, an academy if you like, attended by extremely orthodox Jews (you know, the ones with little curly sideburns or pigtails over their ears!). Only religious texts are studied, or religious related texts, such as the Talmud, etc.

In a way, I guess they're the equivalent of the same kind of schools attended by Islamic extremists (fundamentalists, Islamists), and I did intend to draw a connection there.

Yeshiva in a Yiddish word (Yiddish, the 'Jewish' language of old Eastern Europe, a mixture of Russian, Polish and German, but written in Hebrew characters), and the 'niks' is also a Yiddish suffix (from Russian) meaning a young group of 'rebels'.

Sorry, I wasn't thinking straight when I wrote that post; I just assumed everyone would understand because I knew what the word meant! Very stupid of me!

G

by levannah44

Okay John, I'll grant that in the sense you describe it, I can only agree with you. However, it does seem to be in the nomenclature that we disagree, simply because I know that a group really existed at the beginning of the first millennium CE that was known as 'rabbinical Jews'. They wrote the 'Ethics of the Fathers' (or rabbis).

It ceased to exist exactly as I have described it before, and, as such, they do not exist any longer. So please find another word or phrase to describe what you call rabbinical Jews, because I can assure you, I'm definitely not one!

I am certainly a Jew, and while I believe in the moral concepts (well, some of 'em, anyway!) of Judaism, I do not believe in God and most of the ritual, etc. Rather than rabbinical, why not just call a person a Jew if they are one? That's all you need to do.

G

by john.a.wills

A Jew is someone who accepts the doctrines of Ezra. That includes Christians, so I want a better word than "Jew" for those who have chosen a different forward route from the Christians. Christians follow the Council of Jerusalem (Ac 15), Rabbinical Jews the Council of Jamnia. Think of a good word for those in the tradition of Jamnia and I will use it. I have used "Rabbinical Jew" in a number of places, and no-one but you seems to object. Rabbi Michael Lerner of Tikkun uses the term "Rabbinic Jew".

by absolutely

I do not know what "the tradition of Jamnia" is nor who "Rabbi Michael Lerner of Tikkun" is, but I have met numerous self-described Christians, and I do not know any who also describe themselves as Jews.

Assuming that you meant (AD 15) to be the date of the Council of Jerusalem, 1990 years have passed since, +/- corrections for the various revisions to the calendar. Why do you use such an archaic nomenclature, which you must know is not understood at all, and certainly not to clarify whatever distinction you are trying to make?

by black panther

:) I like your sense of humour :)

My point was that you, Absolutely, emphatically, have no faith in others faith, as deemed to be proven by your understanding of proof itself, yet you must have faith in the evidence or proof of documented facts produced by the scientific community, otherwise you would only believe the facts that you have proven to yourself.

Hope this makes some sense :)

by absolutely

Science is a process that demands logic. When I analyze a scientific theory or law, considering its derivation and consequences, and find that it is consistent (1) with the rest of science (2) with my own observations, then I conclude that the theory or law is accurate. That of course is an incomplete summary, the point of which is that my observations extend beyond my direct experiences. Don't yours?

Faith is belief without evidence. Faith in science would be a contradiction. By the nature of reality, contraditctions cannot exist...

by black panther

Yes for sure. I only in the last 5 years or so have changed the way I look at things. Like you I relied upon what science proved to me only. It science could not prove it then it didn't exist.

Then i found myself becoming more and more frustrated with unanswered questions and the more i relied upon science to answer these questions -
more questions arose.

So i changed my tact and looked for "reason" instead of "proof".

I found ( for myself ) I became less frustrated.

:)

by absolutely

I'm happy for anybody who finds a perspective that is not frustrating, but you have some misconceptions, which you stated explicitly, so I must correct them.

(1) "Like you I relied upon what science proved to me only."

In fact, I rely on logic to convince me of general truths that are not quantifiable, and thus not properly called scientific, most importantly in ethics. Reason is capable of dealing with concepts like value, causation, and standards, as well as quantities.

(2) "It science could not prove it then it didn't exist."

Ethics would be useless if it could only be proven and applied by scientific processes of quantifying, hypothesizing, and testing. Our minds and senses provide more direct self-knowledge (at least, that is my experience) alleviating the need for extensive testing. What is right can be derived using reason, from human nature and the requirements of survival. In other words, take as your starting point "the way it is" -- those aspects of life that are not subject to change -- then consider our mutual goals: life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. The inevitable logical consequence: the Constitution of the United States, up to Amendment 10. It has been downhill ever since.