Forensic science encompasses a wide range of disciplines that contribute to the investigation of crimes and legal proceedings. While the exact number of fields may vary depending on the classification system used, here are eleven common fields of forensic science:
Forensic Biology: Analysis of biological evidence such as DNA, blood, saliva, and other bodily fluids to identify individuals or establish relationships between individuals.
Forensic Chemistry: Examination of chemical substances, including drugs, toxins, explosives, and accelerants, to determine their composition and origin.
Forensic Toxicology: Study of the effects of drugs, alcohol, and other toxic substances on the body and their role in criminal investigations, accidents, and deaths.
Forensic Anthropology: Identification and analysis of human skeletal remains to determine age, sex, ancestry, stature, and signs of trauma or disease.
Forensic Odontology: Examination of dental evidence such as bite marks and dental records to identify individuals or establish links to a crime scene.
Forensic Pathology: Investigation of the cause, manner, and circumstances of death through autopsy and examination of medical records and physical evidence.
Forensic Entomology: Study of insects, particularly their life cycles and behavior, to estimate the time since death or the location of a crime scene.
Forensic Botany: Analysis of plant materials, including pollen, seeds, and fibers, to provide evidence in criminal investigations or link suspects to crime scenes.
Forensic Serology: Examination of blood and other bodily fluids to identify blood types, detect the presence of pathogens or toxins, and establish links between individuals and crime scenes.
Forensic Document Examination: Analysis of handwriting, signatures, printed documents, and other written or printed materials to determine their authenticity, origin, or alterations.
Digital Forensics: Retrieval, preservation, and analysis of electronic evidence from computers, mobile devices, and digital media to investigate cybercrimes, data breaches, and other digital-related incidents.
