Check out the links from the Biometrics consortium web page.
www.biometrics.org
While it down't look like there are any "official" standards at this time, they are running a testing center with the goal to minimize error rates.
As to considerations for the algorithm itself.
Your 2 main concerns are;
False positives
False negatives
Beyond that, you need to take into account the variabilities in alignment of the subject to the sensor.
For a fingerprint scanner, you want to allow for at least 5 degrees of rotation;
15% bady mass variation (swelling);
positioning errors (x-y) of 1/4" or so.
Some of these can be accounted for, or minimized in the hardware design.
But, you are designing a system, not just code.
The variations of the subject / user must be taken into account for a sucessful algorithm.
Chas